From the end of 1939 to the beginning of 194, at the most difficult and severe juncture in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the Kuomintang die-hards headed by Chiang Kai-shek launched the first anti-* * climax, and launched a massive attack on the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border region, western Shanxi and Taihang Mountain area. In March 194, Zhu Huaibing, a die-hard general, led three armies to attack the anti-Japanese base area in Taihang Mountain area under the cover of Japanese planes. Zhu De followed Mao Zedong's "People don't commit crimes against me, I don't commit crimes; If people attack me, I will attack "instructions, personally led the soldiers and civilians in Taihang Mountain area to fight back in self-defense, wiped out Zhu Huaibing's three divisions in one fell swoop, and beat back the rampant attack of the Kuomintang die-hards.
after repelling the invasion of Zhu Huaibing, in order to stop the civil war and unite against Japan, Zhu De, following the instructions of Mao Zedong and the CPC Central Committee to persist in unity, the war of resistance and progress, and the principle of rational, favorable and restrained struggle, shouldered heavy responsibilities and braved hardships. In May 194, he set out from Taihang Mountain base, crossed the Yellow River and crossed the Japanese blockade, and prepared to go to Chongqing to negotiate with the Kuomintang via Luoyang. In Luoyang, Zhu De met with Wei Lihuang, commander of the first war zone of the Kuomintang, and publicized the idea that China's * * * production party insisted on the anti-Japanese national united front, emphasized the importance of the unity of the two parties and the national army for the final victory of the Anti-Japanese War, and at the same time, resolutely refuted the false slander of the die-hards against the Eighth Route Army, exposing the shameful act of the die-hards deliberately creating anti-* * friction at the critical moment of the Anti-Japanese War. The rational, favorable and restrained struggle kept Wei Lihuang neutral in the friction between the two parties, thus maintaining the relationship of the United front. Later, Zhu De continued to go to Chongqing, but when he went to Xi 'an, he learned that more than 2, Japanese aggressors were laying siege to the anti-Japanese base areas in northwest Shanxi and advancing on the Shensi-Gansu-Ningxia border region, so he returned to Yan 'an midway according to the instructions of the CPC Central Committee. This poem was written by Zhu De at Taihang Mountain Peak in Jiyuan County, Henan Province during his trip.