Ouyang Zhan, courtesy name Xingzhou, was born in Oucuo, Panhu, Jinjiang, Fujian. Ouyang Zhan lived in the mid-Tang Dynasty after the Anshi Rebellion and never left the official position of assistant teacher of the Fourth Gate of the Imperial College throughout his life. In later generations, Ouyang Yan, a Jinshi of the Tang Dynasty, joined the army in the shogunate, Ouyang Fu, a disciple of Wei Zhongling, a Jinshi of the Tang Dynasty, Huang Renying, a scholar in charge of the Zhuangyuan Academy of the Later Tang Dynasty, Ouyang Yan, a rural tribute scholar of the Southern Tang Dynasty, Ouyang Xun, a bachelor of Guanwen Palace in the Song Dynasty, Tianlin Huang Quan, a scholar of the Yuan Dynasty, and a scholar of the Ming Dynasty. Huang Yong, Ming Dynasty Jinshi Longyou County Magistrate Huang Ying, Pan Hu's eighth Sun Ming Jinshi Hu Xingshu Huang Guangsheng, Pan Hu's ninth Sun Ming's second-ranked Nanjing Ministry of Rites Huang Fengxiang, Pan Hu's twelfth Sun Qing scholar Pan Husou Huang Xigun, Qing Honglai Jindun Huang Shizao and Pan Hu's fifteenth grandson Huang Liben, the prefect of Qinghukou in Taiwan, followed the trend of Zhou Dynasty and came one after another. He is also known as the "Pioneer of Fujian Culture. Life of Ouyang Zhan
Man Hu Zhiying
The imperial examination system was created in the Sui Dynasty. Within 180 years, no one in Quanzhou took the Jinshi examination. Quanzhou scribes were greedy for their hometown. In the seventh year of Tang Dynasty (AD 772), Li Yi served as an observer in Fujian and moved his school to the south of the city. Xingxianfang. Wailang Duguji, a member of the Ministry of Rites, wrote an inscription on this occasion, saying: "The tassel of the manhu turned into green jin." "It means that the savages who tied hemp ropes and wore bamboo hats began to wear the Confucian clothes of scholars.
Ouyang Zhan loved quietness since he was a child. He often stayed alone and lingered by the mountains, lakes and rivers. As a teenager, Ouyang Zhan Zhan studied under the hermit Luo Shanfu and others at Zifu Academy in Panhu, his hometown. On the Shishan Rock and Longshou Mountain on the north bank of Panhu, and on the Yinxiao Bridge of Jiujiu River, Ouyang Zhan would hold a book and sing loudly from time to time. Forget yourself and the world around you.
Ouyang Zhan also went to the Shien Rock in Qingyuan Mountain in the north of Quanzhou and the Baiyun Study Room in Gaogai Mountain in Nan'an (now Shishan). My friends, the famous brothers Lin Zao and Lin Yun, studied in Putian for five years, studying in Lingyan Jingshe of Guanghua Temple, Fuping Mountain and other places.
Chang Gun was demoted.
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In the early years of Jianzhong of the Tang Dynasty, the number one prime minister Chang Gun - in the 14th year of Emperor Xuanzong Tianbao of the Tang Dynasty (755), he became the number one scholar in Yiweike, and became the prime minister in the 12th year of Dali (777) of the Tang Dynasty. He was an official who loved talents. After he took office, he established schools in person, gave lectures in person, treated students with the courtesy of host and guest, paid attention to promoting the underachievers, and advocated reading and writing. Xue Bo served as the governor of Quanzhou twice during the Jianzhong and Zhenyuan years, and he was very successful. Appreciating Ouyang Zhan's talent, he often took him to Jiuri Mountain in the west of the city to socialize with the hermits Qin Xi and Jiang Gongfu and others, and talk about literature and Taoism.
Xi successively served as the governor of Quanzhou after Xue Bo. Ouyang Zhan also thought highly of him. He always invited Ouyang Zhan to attend any banquet and asked him to write poems to record the grand occasion. Xi Xiang also recommended Ouyang Zhan to visit Chang Gun in Fuzhou. Chang Gun was so impressed that he compared Ouyang with Ganoderma lucidum and hibiscus. Zhan's talent and learning. From then on, Ouyang Zhan's reputation spread throughout Fujian, and even the capital had his literary name.
First went to Chang'an. Ouyang Zhan had no intention of taking the imperial examination and wanted to study at home for a long time and support his parents. Later, due to the strict orders of his parents, the encouragement of relatives and friends, and the promotion of officials such as Chang Gun and Xi Xian, he decided to take the imperial examination in the second year of Zhenyuan (786 AD). Ouyang Zhan went north to the capital to take the Jinshi examination. This was an unprecedented move for the talented Quanzhou scholars in Fujian.
Ouyang Zhan left home and was full of homesickness. He wrote "Going to Shangdu and Leaving Farewell". "Brother and Old Friend": "The sky and the high ground are vast and there are many divergent roads, and the body is like flying pods and water pods. How easy is it to drive a horse away? Brothers and sisters leave the pavilion full of relatives. " He also had the confidence that "if you shoot a hundred steps, you will definitely hit, and if you fly for three years, you will definitely hit." After a year of arduous journey, Ouyang Zhan arrived in Chang'an.
Jinshi and No.
In Chang'an, Ouyang Zhan waited for six years. During these six years, he borrowed money to rent a house and lived in poverty. In the eighth year of Zhenyuan (AD 792), Ouyang Zhan finally met Jia Ling, a famous young scholar at the time (a native of Changle in today's Hebei Province). County), Han Yu, Li Guan, Cui Qun and other 22 people were on the gold list, which was called the "Dragon and Tiger List" at that time. Jia Leng ranked first, Ouyang Zhan ranked second, and Han Yu ranked third.
Haibin Zou Lu
Ouyang Zhanzhong's Jinshi examinations have had a profound impact on Fujian. It started with Ouyang Zhan, a famous academic official and rural sage in the Ming Dynasty, who wrote the preface to "The Collected Works of Ouyang Xingzhou". At that time, it was believed that after Ouyang Zhan became a scholar, Fujian scholars began to study with Mu, and the influence of Ouyang Zhan continued to spread to Yang Shi and Li Dong, and then to Zhu Xi. Learn from the Ming Dynasty and return to the orthodoxy. Cai Qing believes that without the influence of Ouyang Zhan, Fujian would not have the title of "Seaside Zou Lu"
Return to Fujian Province
After Ouyang Zhan high school. He didn't get the official position, so he returned to his hometown to visit his relatives. When he returned to Gaogai Mountain, his mother Huang Changjing, whom he missed day and night, was buried in the ground. He could no longer hear his mother's warnings and could no longer see his mother studying with his son. , but it is further away than Chongshan. Ouyang Zhan wrote in a poem in memory of his mother Huang Changjing: "The shadow of the sun is dim in front of Gaogai Mountain, and the local birds fly beside the forest at dusk. I drank wine and shed tears in front of the grave, but Ding Ning returned early. "
The article is written to convey the truth
In Quanzhou, Ouyang Zhan wrote "The Records of the Six Cao New Capital Halls". The beginning of the article simply explains the reasons for the construction of the capital hall, and describes the landscape of the capital hall in thick lines. .
The emphasis is on the "Tao" written in the article, which means "philosophers have their work to do, not only to benefit the body but also to benefit others, not only to benefit the present but to benefit the future"
Ouyang Zhan's article is the practice of the ancient prose movement theory. Ouyang Zhan's articles are created based on the theory of the ancient prose movement of "writing to convey the Tao" and are good at reasoning. Han Yu commented that his articles were "profound, fond of repetition, and good at self-discipline." At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Li Yisun said that his articles "have nothing to do with new things, so they are not tired of talent. They are good at reasoning, so their words are detailed; they are emotional, so their narratives are repetitive, and they should be adapted to contemporary writing to become elegant..."
Most of the articles written by Ouyang Zhan are innovative and original. For example, "On Breaking Prisons with a Few Words" refers to Confucius saying that Zilu "had a good reason for breaking prisons with a few words." Scholars generally believe that this is a compliment to Zilu who is good at breaking prisons. However, he pointed out that this sentence was not a compliment to Zilu. For generations, "breaking prison with a few words" has caused great harm. For example, "Essays on Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty" directly points out that Emperor Wu had the contradiction between "emperor and immortal" in his mind, "taking up his position but not knowing how to keep it, doing good things but not knowing why to follow them." These can express the function of "the article is composed when the article is combined and for the matter".
Assistant teaching post
After returning to Chang'an, Ouyang Zhan waited for another six years. In the fifteenth year of Zhenyuan (799), he was awarded the "Four Assistant Teaching Assistants of the Imperial College" by the imperial court. official position. Although this is only the lowest title among the "four subjects" of the Royal Institution of Higher Education, it is the first time in history that a Fujianese has held this position. He really wanted to make a difference. Historical records show that since the Tang Dynasty established the official position of teaching assistant, no one was more dedicated than Ouyang Zhan. But the court did not reuse him. Ouyang Zhan still lived in Chang'an, borrowing money to rent a house, and living a tourist life with little food and clothing.
While serving as an assistant teacher in the Fourth Gate of the Imperial College, Ouyang Zhan fully supported and participated in the ancient prose movement jointly initiated by Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan and others. Ouyang Zhan and Han Yu passed the exam together and became lifelong friends. Ouyang Zhan once led the students to write a letter and strongly recommended Han Yu to be a doctor of the four disciplines. They sang poems and poems. Han Yu once wrote "The Yin of the Pigeon" to express his resentment that he had ambitions not to be used by the court, and Ouyang Zhan wrote the poem "Reply to the Eighteenth Song of the Pigeon of Han Dynasty". They also have the ambition of "living in the Confucius Hall of Zhou, and connecting the gates of Yao and Shun", but they are also unable to realize their ambitions. When Ouyang Zhan died, Han Yu was very sad when he heard about it and wrote "Ouyang Sheng's Elegy" to commemorate him.
Died after seducing a prostitute
There is also a poignant love story about Ouyang Zhan’s death.
Ouyang Zhan's "Thoughts on Taiyuan on the First Way to Taiyuan": "The horse gradually feels far away, and the road back is dusty. The high city has disappeared, and the people in the city have returned. I am not willing to leave, but I am sorry. It's so sweet. Wuyuan traveled thousands of miles to the northeast and Qin to the southwest. Liu Ping and Xie Hu fell in love with each other in the early and late stages. Artist Li Qian made an appointment with her to pick her up after returning to Chang'an. After the farewell, the artist misses him very much and composes a poem: "Ever since we parted, my appearance has lost its luster, and I miss him half and hate him. I want to know the old bun, so I open a gold-threaded box for the slave." She handed over the poem and the bun to someone else. After giving it to Ouyang Zhan, he died of illness. Ouyang Zhan saw old things in Taiyuan and had mixed feelings. He fell ill from grief and died of illness after returning to Chang'an. Meng Jian once wrote "Ode to Ouyang Xing Zhou" to mourn this incident. Chronicle of Unofficial History
Written by Ouyang Zhan Committee of Quanzhou Historical Celebrity Research Association
Born in Panhu on December 30, the 14th year of Tianbao in the Tang Dynasty (755) .
In February 763, in the first year of Tang Guangde's reign, Ouyang Zhan studied at Panhu Zifu Academy under his tutor Zheng Wan.
In June 766, the first year of Dali in the Tang Dynasty, young Ouyang Zhan accompanied his mother Huang Changjing to study at the home of his grandmother Fan Shibao in Gaogaishan, Nan'an.
In January 771, young Ouyang Zhan and Lingyuanhong stayed in Anhailing Yuan Shan learned the art of Taoist alchemy.
In December 772, he returned to Panhu and had a contract with Luo Shanfu and Lingyuanhong to support Heshuo. I often go to the Panhu Jiujiu Stream Yinxiao Bridge and the Shishan Rock in the north to chant poems and scream.
In March 775, he married the brothers Lin Zao and Lin Yun in the Ouyang Room of Cienyan in Qingyuan Mountain (later the Ouyang Academy was established)
In June 778, he married Xue Bo, the prefect of Quanzhou. Chang Gun, the Fujian observation envoy, recommended him to make friends with Qin Xi and Jiang Gongfu to discuss learning skills.
In March 780, the first year of the Jianzhong reign of Zhan Tang, Ouyang Zhan went to Fuping Mountain in Putian to study poetry and calligraphy with Lin Zao and Lin Yun, and then went north to the capital of Xi'an to take the imperial examination. He fell in love with Lin Ping (the eighth sister of Lin Zao) and got married in Panhu. Later, he was invited to a farewell party at West Lake in Quanzhou and to write journals at Nanjian Temple in Fuzhou and Beilou in Quanzhou. The children were Ouyang Qiu (born in 781), Ouyang Meng (born on June 7, 783), and Ouyang Jian (born on August 16, 785).
In February 785, in the first year of Zhenyuan, Ouyang Zhanhui, who had just entered his prime of life, held a meeting of brothers, relatives and friends in Miaofeng Hall, Longshoushan Villa, Zimao Mountain, his hometown in Panhu, Jinjiang, and invited Ouyang's relatives and friends to discuss whether to go north to participate. In the spring of the next year, he took a carriage and went north to Xi'an to take the imperial examination. There is a saying that "brothers and relatives are full of leaving the pavilion".
In March 786, the second year of spring Zhenyuan, Ouyang Zhan went to Chang'an to take the Jinshi examination. This was an unprecedented move by Quanzhou scholars. While taking the sixth grade examination in Xi'an, he visited Taiyuan, Jiangxia, Jinci Temple, Hankou, etc., and lived a life of a traveler with little food and clothing and a poor rental life.
In the spring of 792, in the eighth year of Zhenyuan of the Tang Dynasty, Lu Zhi, the Minister of Rites, was the chief examiner and was awarded the title of Jinshi on the Dragon and Tiger Rankings. He was selected as a Jinshi by Jia Ling (a native of Changle today in Hebei County), Ouyang Zhan, Han Yu, Li Guan, Cui A group of 23 other people were on the gold list, which was called the "Dragon and Tiger List" at the time. Jia Leng ranked first, Ouyang Zhan ranked second, and Han Yu ranked third.
In 793, in the ninth year of Tang Zhenyuan's reign, he returned to his hometown in glory and built Yingkui Pavilion in Fengzhou, and Ouyang Zhan's former residence was built in Zhancuo Mountain (Yuanhetangli), Jiadi Lane, Quanzhou.
In the spring of the 11th year of Zhenyuan of the Tang Dynasty (795), he fell in love with the Taiyuan singer Liyun, as evidenced by the poem "My Thoughts on Taiyuan on the First Way to Taiyuan".
In the autumn of 796, he returned to Panhu to build Ouyang Simen Mansion (now the Panhu Ancestral Hall) and wrote the "Records of the Six Cao New Capital Hall".
In 797, the thirteenth year of Zhenyuan of the Tang Dynasty, he returned to the capital and led his teachers and students to recommend Han Yu to Ouyang Zhan, a doctor of the four disciplines, to write the poem "Reply to the Eighteenth Song of Han Yu". During this period, he wrote to Zheng Xianggong and traveled around the capital to compose poems.
In 799, he wrote the fourth examination of "Pian Yan Zhe Jing Lun" in the capital and was awarded the title of assistant teacher in the four subjects of Guozijian by the Ministry of Civil Affairs. Ouyang Zhan's poems and essays organically become a journey of leisure, going to the river tower at night. The clouds are gone and the moon is like practice, and the water is cool and the wind is like autumn. The sound of fu is heard in Mengze, and the color of black is on Zhaoqiu. Humanity is not far away, and I hate to travel alone in the good night. ——Ouyang Zhan of the Tang Dynasty "On a summer night in Jingnan, there is a man named Yunmeng Li Xin who goes straight up from the water tower to Huai Zhaoqiu" , Shangjiang Tower in the middle of the night. The clouds are gone and the moon is like practice, and the water is cool and the wind is like autumn.
The sound of the bird is heard in Mengze, and the color is dark in Zhaoqiu. Humanity is not far away, and I hate to travel alone in the good night. Describe the scenery, express the loneliness, and still sleep after ten books, as if the years are passing by again. I hope that my family will be longing for you, and I will hate you for many years. The empty house conveys the cold watch, and the solitary lamp illuminates the entire series. Who should ask Qiong Zhe? He will shed even more tears after crying. ——Ouyang Zhan of the Tang Dynasty, "The Guest House in Chang'an on the Great Night"
The Guest House in Chang'an on the Great Night. I am still sleeping after writing ten books, as if the passage of time has passed again. I hope that my family will be longing for you, and I will hate you for many years.
The virtual window is passed down to the cold watchman, and the lonely lamp shines on the unfinished series. Who should ask Qiong Zhe? He will shed even more tears after crying. During the Spring Festival, I was homesick and heard that Hu soldiers wanted to benefit the autumn, so I came here yesterday to write to Yingzhou. The hero has been promised to the general, and the emperor has no worries at the frontier. ——Ouyang Zhan of the Tang Dynasty, "A Journey to the Fortress"
A Journey to the Fortress I heard that Hu Bing wanted to benefit the autumn, so he came to Yingzhou yesterday to write.
The hero has been promised to the general, and the emperor has no worries at the frontier.
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