People's education edition, the first volume of the second year of high school, hangs the treetop teaching plan in spring.
Teaching objectives
With "spring" as the core, guide students to understand the characteristics of two kinds of people who are intoxicated with spring and can't feel it, and understand the image characteristics of a specific group of people in a specific environment revealed by the author in a contrasting and point-to-point way; Take learning as teaching, ask questions with doubts, restore the situation, and guide students to understand the author's intention to choose these characters and scenes in a specific era and environment.
teaching process
First, situational introduction
1. Introduce students' understanding of Xiao Hong in preview, eliminate students' strangeness to teachers and texts, and create situations. With the release of the film Xiao Hong directed by Jianqi Huo, the writer who has been away from people for 70 years has once again come into public view, and has aroused a heated discussion on this topic, which has narrowed the distance between students and writers.
2. Teachers model the full text and bring students into the context of the article through emotional reading. Let the students be more familiar with the text while listening to the reading aloud, and at the same time, combine the preview and listening and reading feelings to refine and summarize the meaning.
Q: The article focuses on "Spring hangs on the treetops". What time, where and who's different activities are written?
Students summarize, other students supplement and improve, and the teacher prompts for encouragement. This paper describes the life scenes of different characters in Harbin in March, and reveals the miserable living conditions of the middle and lower classes in Northeast China during the Japanese puppet regime in the 1930s. )
Second, sort out the problem.
Summarize the questions raised by students in the preview, and show several concentrated questions by projection:
1. The title is Spring. Why are people with tragic fate described many times in the article? How to understand "spring"? Warm topic, why do you feel bitter and desolate after reading it?
2. Why write about the activities of different types of people? Why do you keep writing about China people and foreigners? How to understand the image of Wang Lin and write her role well?
3. The background, mood and attitude of the author Xiao Hong in writing this article;
4. Understanding of paragraph 8; The function of "march" sentence that appears twice.
Third, cooperative exploration.
1. The title and opening are warm. What kind of "warmth" did you write?
Students' questions about the topic: The title of the article is "Spring", but the article is very bitter to read and warm. How to be a man?
(1) How warm is Harbin in March?
(1) warm wind like gauze floating in the streets, the yard; 2 budding; (3) all this completely trapped himself.
Students read, under the guidance of the teacher, and guide students to grasp the key words to read: "veils", metaphor, synaesthesia, turning abstraction into images, and vividly writing soft and comfortable spring breeze; "Jump" vividly depicts the growth speed and vigorous vitality of the new green with delicate words and dynamic feeling; "Trapped" describes people's feeling of intoxication and comfort when the spring breeze blows.
(2) Will people feel warm?
Reflection: take off your winter clothes; Shopping; Sunbathing;
Sinking: intoxicating, dreamy and full of vitality-Spring is singing. ...
2. The topic is Spring, but why did you write about many people's activities? And why do you often describe people with tragic fate?
(1) How to write about human activities? Switch the scene from day to night and write about Harbin people's activities. )
(2) What specific activities were written? The lives of two people are completely different. )
Is it appropriate to describe people in "winter" and "spring" with a dual world-crying vulnerable groups and cheerful foreigners?
Happy people (Wang Lin, foreigners) indulge in spring and enjoy the four seasons; Unfortunately, forgotten and abandoned in the cold winter, the four seasons cry.
(3) Why write about people's activities with the theme of "Spring"?
Teachers guide students to look at writing through texts: through people's activities and feelings, they can show spring from the side, highlight the contrast, clearly show the bitterness and pain of the bottom people, reveal the injustice of the world and highlight the main idea.
A. write about people's feelings about spring. Half people feel and enjoy spring, and the other half are forgotten in the cold winter.
B. Natural spring comes quietly, but the world is ice and fire.
In a sharp contrast, why is spring just "hanging on the treetops"? (contrast: spring floats in the treetops, and people at the bottom can't feel it; Spring is just natural spring. There is no real spring in the world. )
3. Students are interested in the image of Wang Lin, which can be used as an opportunity to expand the depth of the classroom and promote the generation of classroom wisdom.
(1) Three Encounters with Wang Lin:
(1) also wearing a small hat; Turn to "listing street"; 2 smoke a cigarette; And put on light green clothes; There is a letter under his arm, probably a love letter (cigarette, detailed description); (3) Mix with people with curly hair and laugh with them in Russian for a while, among happy people.
Students concluded that other students added: Wang Lin is a carefree, carefree and happy lady; I usually mingle with foreigners, and my lifestyle is influenced by foreigners.
(2) Why write the character Wang Lin? Pay attention to the words "Ye", "Ye" and "Ye" in the above sentence.
Wang Lin represents such a kind of person: although he has done nothing bad, he is insensitive to the pain of national subjugation; They turn a blind eye to the sadness and pain around them and turn a deaf ear. This indifference aggravates the chill of the ice city, and the author implies critical irony (or negation) in his objective description.
4. China people and foreigners.
Why do China people "mix among these curly-haired people, only one seventh or one eighth less" on the land of China?
Teachers guide students to discuss key sentences and grasp the background of the times.
Harbin in the period of the Puppet Manchukuo in 1930s was a deformed and prosperous city, and it was also a morbid and devastated society.
It is happy and crazy, full of foreign music, and the streets are full of foreigners with curly hair;
Very lonely and sad. It was all in Amb Lee, and the unfortunate man was found in the corner of the wall.
The bustling commercial street and central street are a paradise for a few rich people and foreigners, but a hell for the unfortunate at the bottom. (Contrast is also used)
5. Why is the topic warm and poetic, but bitter and bleak to read? Read aloud and compare similarities and differences:
(1) "The flowers in March haven't opened yet, so people can't smell the flowers." "In March, the flowers haven't opened yet, and people can't smell the flowers."
The teacher guided the students to pay attention to the similarities and differences between the two sentences. When winter goes and spring comes, nature changes, and when spring comes, there is injustice in the world. Where is spring? One more pause in the second sentence will add bitterness and heaviness, and the writer's pen reveals a kind of compassion and reflection.
(2) Grasp the "tree bud" and "make a mountain out of a molehill" that best embody spring, guide students to grasp the details, study the text deeply, and taste the writer's technique of "writing warmly and writing coldly".
6. Pay attention to the "I" behind the prose.
Discussion: "I" can be used as a clue character, and the full text can string together different scenes and character activities during the day and night through the experience and feelings of "I". Pay attention to the changes of my knowledge and feelings-from "intoxicating spring" to cruelty, bitterness, heaviness and sadness in the world.
Starting from paragraph 8, guide students to grasp the author's emotional attitude. "The existence of these unfortunate people in the world means that they don't exist. It is better to get rid of them early, lest they sing such ugly songs in spring. "
The discussion between teachers and students clearly shows that angry words, seemingly heartless, are full of deep sympathy for the unfortunate, have the taste of cynicism, and imply dissatisfaction and injustice with the social reality that caused this injustice.
Review the past and learn the new: similar contents in Lu Xun's Blessing.
Knowing people and discussing the world: about "I"-Xiao Hong betrayed her family, abandoned her wealth and came to Harbin with her ideal dreams; After suffering and combining with Xiaojun, I rented a shed underground at No.25 and a half Shangshi Street. His anthology "Listed Street" is about poverty, hunger, turmoil and their lives at that time.
Harbin shattered the dream of spring with the cold reality of devastation. Xiao Hong once said in Shangshi Street that "as long as Manchukuo exists, we can't come to this land" ...
7. The Art of Ending
Change the ending, read aloud and compare similarities and differences: (1) Remove "Happy people are always happy regardless of the four seasons"; (2) Remove "people who cry, regardless of season, always cry"; (3) Change the order of "happiness" and "sadness".
Teacher-student discussion summary: the topic begins with "the meaning of spring" and ends with "crying". The topic is warm and the text is cold. When spring covers the treetops, the author is deeply moved by those unfortunate people who sink, struggle and cry in the cold winter. Between the lines, it reveals the bitterness and heaviness, coldness and sadness of the real society.
The author expresses his grief and indignation at this deformed and prosperous city in a cold and warm style, and his sympathy and pity for the unfortunate people living at the bottom of society. Promote first, then suppress, reverse the thinking, the contradiction between the topic and the theme, and be ingenious and receive ironic effect.
Fourth, homework after class
(1) Recommended reading: Black land outside the customs-listing street and Hulan River biography;
(2) Appreciation of words: Please choose another literary work that highlights the use of comparative techniques for appreciation. (Example: Tang poems Ge Yanxing, Warrior and Han Jiang; "Burning manuscripts" and "marriage" in A Dream of Red Mansions; Jiangsu folk song "Moon Bends Kyushu" and "Several Happy Families and Several Sorrow Families"; Liu Bannong's "Separated by a Layer of Paper" "Inside" and "Outside" ...)
Reflection after teaching
A Chinese class can't answer all the questions, so I reflected on this class after class. What role can teachers play in Chinese teaching?
First, promote students' ability to ask questions. When students are exposed to unfamiliar texts, their reading comprehension ability may surprise teachers. Teachers should not only discover their reading potential, but also be able to tap their potential when guiding preview. Stimulating students' questioning ability and improving students' questioning level should be an important "teaching" ability of teachers.
Second, "learning as teaching" is not the same as "learning as teaching". Reading with thinking, the depth and breadth of students' questions are different, and solving problems requires the organization and guidance of teachers, rather than presenting them as they are without thinking and sorting. Teachers should pay attention to actively guiding problems with high value. Small problems and problems with low gold content can be simplified and diluted, or they can be discussed after class to extend their thinking.
Third, the ability to "surprise" in class. Problems in class are always unexpected, and there are unexpected situations. Whether it is good or bad, teachers should have the power of "pointing", capture and comment in time, so that they can release the greatest light and perhaps illuminate the classroom; Some problems seem worthless, but they may become opportunities, and teachers' transformation ability is very important; If there are discordant notes, we should also reflect the teaching wit and skillfully resolve them.