Original text:
Chusai (also known as Liangzhou Ci)
Tang Dynasty: Wang Zhihuan
The Yellow River is getting farther and farther away, because it flows in the middle of the Yellow River, and Yumenguan is located on a lonely mountain.
Why use the elegy of willow to complain about the delay of spring, old Yumenguan, a spring breeze is not blowing!
Precautions:
Liangzhou Ci: Also known as Chusai. The lyrics of a popular song (Liangzhou Ci) at that time.
Looking far: looking far to the west. "Far" means "straight".
Far above the Yellow River: Looking at the source of the Yellow River.
Lonely city: refers to the lonely castle guarding the border.
Qi: an ancient unit of length. Together, it is equivalent to seven or eight feet (equal to 23 1cm or 264cm, about 2.3m or 2.6m).
Qiang people: The ancient Qiang people were mainly distributed in Gansu, Qinghai and Sichuan. Qiangdi is a A Qiang musical instrument, which belongs to cross-wind wind music. Belongs to a musical instrument.
Why: Why? Why complain: Why complain.
Willow: the wicker of poplar, also referred to as Yangliuqiu.
Degree: Yes. Not enough: I can't blow.
Yumenguan: It was set by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and was named after the introduction of jade articles from the Western Regions. Therefore, Xiaofangcheng, located in the northwest of Dunhuang, Gansu Province, was the main road leading to the western regions in ancient times. During the Six Dynasties, the site moved eastward to the vicinity of Shuangta Fort in Anxi.
Extended data:
1, creative background
According to Wang Zhihuan's epitaph, Wang Zhihuan resigned in 726 (14th year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty) and lived a free life of 15 years. Two Liangzhou poems are regarded as 15 period, that is, from 727 (the 15th year of Kaiyuan) to 74 1 year (the 29th year of Kaiyuan).
Step 2 enjoy
Wang Zhihuan wrote this poem about the homesickness of frontier soldiers. It is desolate and generous, sad without losing strength. Although the resentment of garrison soldiers who were not allowed to go home was greatly exaggerated, there was no sense of depression and depression, which fully showed the open-mindedness and broadmindedness of poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
The first sentence, "The Yellow River is far above the white clouds", captures the characteristics of overlooking and depicts a moving picture: on the vast plateau, the Yellow River rushes away, looking far to the west, as if merging into the white clouds. The second sentence, "An isolated city, Wan Ren Mountain", is about an isolated city in the fortress.
A lonely city located in the frontier fortress, standing tall by mountains and waters. These two sentences describe the majestic momentum of the motherland's mountains and rivers, outline the geographical situation of this important national defense town, highlight the desolate situation of foot soldiers guarding the border, and provide a typical environment for the latter two sentences to describe the garrison psychology.
In this environment, I suddenly heard the sound of Qiangdi, and the tune I played happened to be "Folding Willow", which aroused the sadness of the garrison. The ancients had the custom of parting and giving gifts. When the foot soldiers guarding the border pass hear the sad tune of "Folding Willow" played by Qiangdi, they will inevitably feel sad and not hate it.
Therefore, the poet explained in an open-minded tone: Why does Qiangdi always play the sad tune of "breaking willow"? You know, outside Yumenguan is a place where spring breeze can't blow, so there are no willows to fold! To say "why complain" is not to complain, nor to persuade the guards not to complain, but to complain is useless.
The use of the word "why complain" makes poetry more subtle and meaningful. Three or four lines, which Yang Shen thought contained irony in Ming Dynasty. The author writes that there is no spring breeze there, which is a natural metaphor, indicating that the supreme ruler living in the bustling imperial city does not sympathize with the people's feelings and ignores the soldiers guarding the border in Yumenguan.
China's ancient poetry has always had a tradition of "happiness", not to mention "poetry fails to express its meaning". We think readers can't help but understand this point, but we are not sure whether the author really means it. Since the spring breeze outside Yumenguan can't blow, the willow outside Yumenguan naturally won't spit leaves, and it's no use just complaining.