The theoretical knowledge of stylistic writing should start from the definition, and the elements in the definition can derive various requirements and methods of writing. However, whether poetry or prose is a collection of traditional knowledge.
Chinese is embodied in general writing textbooks, and the understanding of its definition is not accurate and unified, and social attributes are emphasized unilaterally. A traditional literary genre that does not conform to the basic attributes of style is defined as
Nothing is mentioned in this book. What is needed is a stylistic definition that finally expresses the author's personal life. Prose is a flexible and capable way for the author to write his true feelings in his own experience.
Literary genre.
The image of the author in prose is obvious, often narrated in the first person, with distinct personality, as Ba Jin said, "Any prose has my own". In short, it can be said that
It's about expressing yourself. It takes courage. Just as Lu Xun said, "Speak freely and have no scruples", he also praised Cao Cao and Wei Jin prose for "advocating access and detachment". Another example is Liu Bannong.
It is said that prose should be "naked expression" As some people say, "I write about myself", "I say my heart", "Anyway, I only
This is me. Writing the true "I" is the core feature and life of prose. This is the largest element of the definition.
Prose language is very important. The first one is mainly spoken language, with literary language (including archaic and Europeanized languages) as embellishment. The second is to be fresh and natural, natural and graceful. In addition,
You can also pay attention to some language skills, such as the alternation between the length of sentences and the shape of things, such as using rhetoric, especially metaphors, such as talking about the musical beauty of tones, rhythms and melodies.
It is necessary to define the concept of prose writing, that is, the only content and object of prose is the author's emotional experience. All textbooks put forward that prose should write feelings, but it is a work.
It is an essential factor and internal clue. What needs to be emphasized is that emotion is not a one-sided factor, nor is it just a clue, but the object of prose. Prose writers just write things.
Superficial phenomena, fundamentally speaking, are about emotional experience. Emotional experience is an "inseparable god", and people and things are dispensable, more or less "scattered" "shape". bright red
"The Back of Qing Zi" is not a trivial matter of recording going home and parting between father and son, but a kind of pity and love for father and failed father. Serina Liu's "Looking at the River Closure",
The key point is not the natural engineering itself, nor the performance of the builders, but an inner feeling of returning to the mainstream of historical progress. Prose is immersed in suddenness from the beginning.
In the emotional experience of sadness and joy, Lenovo was born-almost lost his mother when he was a child, left the army in the early 1940s, and was forced to put down his pen during the Cultural Revolution.
Wait a minute. Finally, I am full of passion in the face of the grand scene of the interception of the Hengjiang River. Emotional experience is the internal structure of prose. With it, you can draft freely. Well,
Can't help but be clear and definite. With the internal structure of prose-emotional experience, as long as the core of external structure is clear, a good prose can be written. The core of external structure is detail.
Prose, like novels, is based on the description and narration of details, but the arrangement and combination of details are different. It can be said that the details of the novel combination are "holding the pearls on the plate", and
Prose is "threading a bead with a thread". The "disk" of the novel is a cross section of a society, with conflicts, and people of all classes and forces are either hidden or obvious. And the details can only be like this.
Organically exists in the "disk". The "line" of prose is more or less an emotional experience, which is within reach and allows your feelings to flow freely-subject to the performance of emotional experience. Therefore, I
Scholars say that prose (should be called artistic prose) is the freest style, loose as water and flexible in technique. As long as you understand the above four points, you can write your true self and the personality you say and feel from it.
With emotional experience and detailed description, you can master the essentials of prose writing, and you don't have to be too careful to study what meaning, composition (such as literary eye), artistic conception and so on.
Theoretical knowledge and basic theory of writing will be mentioned.
Prose can be mainly divided into narrative prose and lyric prose (still according to the traditional unclear statement). The following are two prose modes for beginners and higher education.
Subjects choose to use.
First, the mode of remembering people's prose
At the beginning, ① emotional language summarizes the narrative. Me and this guy, the focus is on the back. Introduce the person, such as a portrait description. (2) The relationship between them and the discussion of people's spiritual characteristics.
▲ The middle situation: one thing. Detailed description and explanation from the beginning, development to the end.
▲ Another situation: several things. Everything, that is, before each level, can be dominated by a person's spiritual characteristics. Based on people's emotional experience and overall discussion
Second, the theory runs through several things.
The end 1) reiterates the characteristics and takes care of the beginning. (2) deepen the emotional relationship and send out feelings.
Third, lyrical prose model
The opening 1 describes his relationship with the landscape. Discuss the scenery and yourself.
The middle 1 describes the scenery, with distinct layers and touching details. Lenovo plays a greater role.
the sense of an ending
Prose Writing —— Conception, Association and Language
Prose often reflects its complex background and profound connotation through accidental and fragmentary events in life, so that "a grain of sand sees the world and half a petal of flowers says human feelings"
"。 To achieve this state, conception is the key.
Conception is the whole process of the author's understanding of a work, from the initial feeling of external things to the whole process of writing. Even when I entered the writing stage, I was still thinking.
Explore, continue to understand the object to be described, and dig deep into its inside story and connotation. This is a complex, arduous and serious spiritual activity, which has a great influence on the writer's personality and cultivation.
, the test of skill. Because the connection between things is profound and subtle, writers should be good at finding their own unique and mysterious connection points from the outside to the inside.
From "guiding the heart" to "understanding", from "welcoming" to "conceiving".
Different writers have different discoveries about the mystery of conception. So there are all kinds of ideas. Qin Mu's conception method is called "snowballing". He writes prose.
At first, I felt just a little, like a small snowflake. With the increase of subject matter, the deepening of experience and the development of Lenovo, it feels like snowballing.
. What is precious here is the initial feeling. In Qin Mu's words, it is the "forefront" part and the most "characteristic" part of things. Once caught by a writer, it is like a full grain.
The seed fell into fertile soil, and the writer moistened it with the sunshine of thoughts and feelings, making it germinate and bear rich fruits. This is a core, and it is getting bigger and bigger, forming a unity.
The idea. His representative works "Land" and "Lyrics of the National Altar" are good examples.
Xu Chi's conception method is called "grasping the present". This "moment" he thinks is the "essential" part of things and the most "glorious" part. Seize this moment and you will
Grasping the clues and grasping the center, scattered and messy materials can be concentrated and have a home. For example, in the Turbulent Vortex, which he created, can draw both positive and negative lessons.
To illustrate this problem.
In short, different writers plan and conceive an essay in different ways, which varies from person to person. Don't insist on uniformity, let alone imitate a cat and draw a tiger. Everyone should have their own uniqueness.
Method, but pay attention to conception, is extremely important for every writer.
An excellent article is almost inseparable from association. The so-called association refers to the imaginative activities of things from one to another and from the outside to the inside. The heart that transitions from one thing to another.
Manage the process. When people recall another thing from the current thing, or when the recalled thing spreads to another thing, it is inseparable from association. In this kind of communication.
In the process of moving, the characteristics and essence of things are more easily highlighted, and the author's ideological understanding can be continuously improved and deepened. The thicker an author's knowledge is accumulated and stored, the more it will be.
The keener you feel about life, the easier it is to make analogy, the more imaginative and creative you are. Association plays an important role in psychological activities. Memory often appears in the form of association, and association also exists.
A process of reasoning that helps to draw inferences from others. Especially in the creation of prose and other literary styles, association has the function of enhancing the artistic charm of works.
The inspiration of the essayist seems accidental, but it is inevitable and wonderful, which comes from long-term accumulation. The thicker the accumulation, the more sensitive it is. Isn't prose triggering expensive? This and that are very touching.
Hair, for what you are currently experiencing, finding the side meaning is both a trigger and an association. Deep accumulation helps to deepen the trigger. To turn "the soul of poetry" into poetry, we must start from
To trigger this idea, association and imagination must also play a role. Many old experiences should be melted, abstracted and reorganized. If there is no certain life accumulation to rely on, imagine and associate.
Our wings can't fly. Objective things are always interrelated, and different things are reflected in the author's mind, thus forming various associations.
-There are close associations between things that are close in space or time (for example, reservoirs remind people of hydroelectric generators); Similar associations formed by things with similar characteristics (as Lu Xun remembered)
Gorky); Contrasting things form contrasting associations (such as thinking of darkness from light); Things that have a causal relationship form causal associations (such as thinking about the heat of fire).
The association of prose is always combined with careful observation and subtle description. The picture of prose, first of all, strives to be real and concrete, making people read as if they were there, and at the same time, it should include
It is rich and profound, which makes people feel deeply when reading it. The more imagination and aftertaste the author gives readers, the stronger the fragrance of poetry, which is inseparable from rich and active associations. unite
Thinking is essentially the deepening of observation, the observation here and now, and the integration of observation there and there at that time. Without this mastery, there will be no deepening of feelings and sublimation of thoughts.
The crystallization of poetry. If careful observation has collected rich minerals for the author, then the active association is the smelting and processing of these minerals. Lenovo is not based on
Personal flashes, rambling thoughts. If a writer wants to make Lenovo's wings fly, he has no extensive knowledge and fails to grasp the internal relations and details between things.
Without personal creativity and passion, there is no broad space for personal hobbies, and there is no broad space for thoughts and fantasies, forms and contents. It can only be like a sparrow in the crown of a tree.
The sample lingers on the grass, but it can't spread its wings in the Wan Li like Dapeng and fly freely in the vast sky.
The charm of prose style certainly comes from the writer's true knowledge, true opinion, authenticity and true feelings. But if we want to turn it into a literary work with harmonious colors, natural rhythm and meaningful charm, we must also
We must rely on the mastery of words and the high purification of pen and ink.
Literary talent lies not in fancy, deliberately carving words, but in expression, simplicity and sincerity. Such as rhetoric, just like a woman who loves beauty but is not good at dressing up, thinking
Grease and powder, the thicker the better, colorful, the brighter the better, in fact, it is very vulgar and makes people frown.
Prose writers should have a particularly keen eye and insight, be able to see and discover what others have not seen, and also need extremely rigorous and profound writing skills. When creating
Don't be impetuous, calm down, try to find the right words, arrange them and express more meanings in a few words. This is what the ancients called "writing"
Simple and complicated. "To make the language present a vivid picture, briefly describe the voice, appearance and main features of the characters, so that readers can firmly remember the characters described at once.
Movement, gait and intonation.
The language of prose is beautiful, and the writer has many original and incisive opinions. Qin Mu said: "Literary talent also produces artistic charm and writing interest. Rich vocabulary, vivid spoken language,
The combination of sonorous syllables, appropriate even sentences, vivid descriptions and wonderful overlapping sentences will increase the interest of writing. She Shusen said: "The language of prose.
It seems to be more dense and sculptural than novels, but lighter and more natural than poetry. Simple and unique, simple and beautiful, full of natural emotions. It can be said that it
The beauty of beauty is just between this thick and light, sculpture and nature. "
Prose has a small space and a large capacity, and the writing style is the most taboo. It is slow and can't hold the foot-binding cloth of old Wang Po, and it is long and smelly. Simplicity is not simplicity, but simplicity; Biggie
Jane, not Jane, is a highly accurate generalization. At the beginning of Du Mu's Epang Palace Fu, he wrote: "When the six kings are finished, the four seas are one. Squatting in the foothills, A Fang is going out. " Just twelve words, just
Wrote the fall of the six countries. Qin Shihuang unified the world and cut down all the trees in Shushan. The top of the mountain was bare. Here, Epang Palace was built. In just twelve words,
Writing such rich historical content and such a large time and space span can really be described as "concise and complicated". Natural and unrestrained, for people, is a kind of temperament, a kind of demeanor. For prose,
, that is, there are various statements. Short sentences, promoting and strict; Long sentences, comfortable and slow; The sentence is even, symmetrical and dignified; Strange sentences are beautiful and free and easy. These sentence patterns are patchwork, harmonious and convenient.
The unique beauty of concise and unique prose language.
The simple beauty of prose language does not exclude gorgeous beauty, and the two are relatively established. In prose works, we often see the combination of simplicity and magnificence. Thick ink is very heavy.
Try to render colorful places, such as the sunset glow like brocade on the horizon; This simple place is an understatement, like a clear stream trickling. Simple as a beauty's "light moth eyebrow", China.
Beauty is not a bunch of beautiful words, but a delicate artistic process, without the trace of an axe. But whether it is simple or gorgeous, if it is not attached to the beauty of sincere feelings and lofty thoughts,
It is easy to be like an infinite duckweed, become pale and powerless, and become a fancy word game.
Like the ocean of life, the ocean of language is boundless. The style of writing is chic, eclectic, fresh and artistic, with novel language, clever metaphor and charming charm.
Wonderful refrain, wise epigram, beautiful parallelism, meaningful epigram, witty proverb, witty humor, implicit suggestion, and the free use of various artistic skills,
It will make prose creation more fresh, meaningful and radiant.
References:/fcd/exfq/b7.htm.