In front of Xisai Mountain, egrets fly; peach blossoms bloom, the water flows rapidly, and the salmon in the water are very plump.
The first sentence is "The egret flies in front of Xisai Mountain". "In front of Xisai Mountain" points out the location. "Egret" is a symbol of leisure. It writes about the egret flying freely, setting off the leisurely contentment of the fisherman. The second sentence "peach blossoms and flowing water, mandarin fish are fat" means: the peach blossoms are in full bloom, the river water is rising sharply, and the mandarin fish are growing fat at this time. The contrast between peach red and water green here represents the scenery of lakes and mountains in front of Xisai Mountain in late spring, and exaggerates the living environment of the fisherman.
The following are the details
Yu Gezi ①? Tang Zhang Zhihe
Egrets fly in front of Xisai Mountain, ②
Peach blossoms and flowing water Fish fat. ③
Green bamboo hat, ④green coir raincoat,
The slanting wind and drizzle do not need to return.
The author Zhang Zhihe (about 730-about 810), named Zitong, was born in Jinhua, Wuzhou (now Jinhua, Zhejiang). The young man was talented and learned, good at music, calligraphy and painting, and was highly valued by Emperor Suzong of the Tang Dynasty. He later lived in seclusion and called himself "Yanbo Diaotu". His works mostly wrote about idle life, and his poetry style was fresh and natural. During the reign of Emperor Suzong of the Tang Dynasty, he issued an imperial edict to Hanlin. Later, he was demoted due to some affairs and was pardoned. He stopped working as an official and lived in the rivers and lakes, calling himself Yanbo Diaosou. He is the author of the collection "Xuan Zhenzi" and "Complete Poems of the Tang Dynasty", which records nine of his poems. Yugezi, the name of the lyrics and tune, is also known as the Fisherman's Song. This is a Tang Dynasty Jiaofang song. It is divided into two types: monotone, 27 characters, five sentences, and four flat rhymes; dual tone, 50 characters, oblique tones. Zhang Zhihe's "Yu Ge Zi" contains five songs, all of which are monotonous.
Explanation of the lyrics
Yugezi: Originally the name of the tune, later people wrote lyrics based on it, and it became the name of the lyrics.
Xisei Mountain: in the southwest of today’s Wuxing County, Zhejiang Province.
Mandarin fish: Mandarin fish, as the folk call it, has fine scales, light yellow with brown markings, and is delicious.
Ruo: bamboo hat. A hat made of bamboo slices and leaves to keep out the rain.
Coir raincoat: Rainproof clothing made of thatch and brown linen.
Not required: Not required.
Notes
①This tune was originally a famous song by Tang Jiaofang. Divided into monotonic and bimodal. Twenty-seven characters are monotonous and have a flat rhyme. Zhang's tune is the most famous. Double tone, five crosses, oblique rhyme. "Fishermen's Song" is also known as "Fisherman" or "Fisherman's Music", which is probably a folk fishing song. The author wrote five "Fishermen's Songs", this is the first one. According to records cited in "Ci Lin Chronicles", Zhang Zhihe once visited Yan Zhenqing, the governor of Huzhou. Because the boat was worn out, he asked Yan to help replace it and wrote "Yu Gezi". The Cicai "Yu Ge Zi" originated from "Yu Ge Zi" written by Zhang Zhihe and got its name. "Zi" is the abbreviation of "qu".
② Xisai Mountain: Tao Shiji, located on the bank of the Yangtze River in Daye County, Hubei Province.
③Mandarin fish (yingui): commonly known as "flower fish" and "mandarin fish".
④Ruo Li: A bamboo hat made of bamboo strips.
Meaning
The egrets are flying freely in front of Xisai Mountain, the yellow-green fish are swimming happily on the river, and the peach blossoms floating in the water are so bright. An old man on the bank of the river, wearing a green bamboo hat and a green coir raincoat, was fishing leisurely and contentedly in the slanting wind and drizzle. He was fascinated by the beautiful spring scenery in the south of the Yangtze River and did not want to go home for a long time.
Comments
This poem describes the fishing scene during the spring flood period in the Jiangnan water town. There are vivid colors of mountains and waters, and the image of a fisherman. It is a landscape painting written in poetry.
The first sentence is "The egret flies in front of Xisai Mountain". "In front of Xisai Mountain" points out the location. "Egret" is a symbol of leisure. It writes about the egret flying freely, setting off the leisurely contentment of the fisherman. The second sentence "peach blossoms and flowing water, mandarin fish are fat" means: the peach blossoms are in full bloom, the river water is rising sharply, and the mandarin fish are growing fat at this time. The contrast between peach red and water green here represents the scenery of lakes and mountains in front of Xisai Mountain in late spring, and exaggerates the living environment of the fisherman. Three or four sentences, "Green bamboo hats, green coir raincoats, no need to return in the slanting wind and drizzle" describe the fisherman's mood when fishing. The fisherman, wearing a green bamboo hat and green coir raincoat, was so happy in the slanting wind and drizzle that he forgot to return home. "Slanting wind" refers to a gentle breeze. The whole poem has bright colors and lively language, which vividly expresses the fisherman's leisurely life.
This word embodies the author's love for freedom and nature in the beautiful waterside scenery and ideal fisherman's life. What attracts us more in the poem is not the fisherman who is calmly adapting to the wind and rain, but the picture of the spring river in Jiangxiang during the Peach Blossom Flood in February, with the water rising and misty rain misty. Green mountains in the rain, fishing boats on the river, egrets in the sky, and red peaches on both sides of the bank, the colors are bright but soft, and the atmosphere is peaceful but full of vitality. This not only reflects the author's artistic ingenuity, but also reflects his lofty, unconventional, leisurely and refined taste. After the poem was recited, not only did many people sing it, but it also spread overseas, opening up the door for Chinese poetry writers in Japan in the east to write lyrics. Emperor Saga composed five "Fisher Songs" and seven of his ministers' fenghe poems. , which is adapted from this word. Also, the old annotation states that Mount Xisse is in Huzhou, which may not be true. There are five poems in Zhang's "Fishing Song", which sing about Xisai Mountain, Diaotai, Songjiang, Xuexi and Qingcao Lake. They generally talk about the joy of fishing in rivers and lakes, but the place is not in Huzhou. According to Lu You's "Enter Shu", Xisai Mountain is the Taoist Ji of Ezhou: "The name of Ji is Xisai Mountain, which is what Xuan Zhenzi said in "Fisher Father's Ci", 'the egret wind in front of Xisai Mountain'." Su Shi was relegated to his home. When I was in Huangzhou, I once visited the area and there was a saying: "Yuan Zhen's language is extremely clear and beautiful. I hate that its tune is not passed down, so I added his language and sang it in "Huanxi Sand".
"(Xu Fu's "Partridge Sky" lyrics and postscript, see "Yuefu Ya Ci" volume) Su Shi's "Huanxisha" lyrics: "Egrets fly in front of Xisai Mountain, and the sails outside the scattered flower island are faint." "Sanhua Island is in the middle of the Yangtze River, opposite to Xisai Mountain. Xu Fu's "Partridge Sky" lyrics: "Egrets fly in front of Xisai Mountain, and peach blossoms are flowing in the water to fatten fish. If the court is looking for Yuan Zhenzi, Qing is fishing in the Yangtze River. "Also with Xisai Mountain on the bank of the Yangtze River.
Zhang Zhihe's "Fisher's Song" went to Japan
Sino-Japanese friendship reached its climax as early as the Tang Dynasty. Japan successively sent to China He was sent as an envoy to the Tang Dynasty thirteen times. The Chinese monk Jianzhen traveled east to Japan through many hardships and dangers, which is even more beautiful. The contribution of Jianzhen and Japan's Abe Nakamaro to Sino-Japanese relations is etched in the annals of history and is well known to everyone.
However, there is another envoy who has made "special" contributions to establishing the monument of Sino-Japanese friendship. He is Zhang Zhihe, a writer in the Tang Dynasty and self-proclaimed "Yanbo Diaotu". Noun "Fishing Song":
In front of Xisai Mountain, egrets fly, peach blossoms flow and mandarin fish are fat.
Green bamboo hats, green coir rain clothes, no need to return in the slanting wind.
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Liu Xidai of the Qing Dynasty once praised it as a masterpiece of "Eternal Romance". It is not only the ancestor of Chinese Tang poetry, but also the pioneer of Japanese poetry.
Zhang Zhihe's "Yu Gezi" is like a rainbow bridge between China and Japan. It is recorded in "History of Japanese Lyrics": It was about forty-nine years after Zhang Zhihe wrote "Yu Gezi" (820 AD). In the 13th year of his reign (the 14th year of Hirohito's reign in Japan's Heian Dynasty), the poems were spread to Japan. Emperor Saga at that time read and praised them, and held a banquet at Kamo Shrine to compose poems. At that time, the emperor's relatives, scholars and celebrities all accompanied Emperor Saga. Sing Zhang Zhihe's "Yu Ge Zi". It is indeed a pity that Zhang Zhi He never went to the banquet to sing "Yu Ge Zi", but He He's writers rushed to imitate "Yu Ge Zi" and "Yu Ge Zi" struck a chord with the modern people of China and Japan. Xia Chengtao, an old lyricist, once said in his quatrains about Emperor Saga: "A line of Saga pregnant with talented people...peach blossoms are floating in Penglai." "It is an excellent praise for this.
Emperor Saga of Japan was very knowledgeable in Chinese poetry. He wrote five poems at the banquet, the third of which was:
The Forest of Youth Crossing the river bridge, the lake water surged into the sky.
I was fishing and singing alone. The emperor's seventeen-year-old daughter was there during the dinner. Prince Tomoko is extremely intelligent, and the two poems she sang made the banquet at the shrine more colorful:
The spring water is clear and the waves are clear, and the fisherman is now alone.
Where in the countryside? What’s your name?
Thirteen of these poems are included in the Japanese "Jingguoji", "On Yue Diao Poetry". The paper "Second and Third Issues - The Legacy of New Voices in the Tang Dynasty in Japan" points out that the genre characteristics of "Yuediao Shi" are easily reminiscent of the "Fisher Songs" group of poems preserved in Volume 14 of "Jingguoji". The thirteen poems centered on the Five Poems of the Emperor are works related to the "Yu Ge Zi" genealogy, that is, a new form of poetry called [ci] with Zhang Zhihe and "The Fisherman" as the original works.
It can be seen that Zhang Zhihe's "Yu Gezi" has an unusual kinship with Japanese poetry.
Comments:
Zhang Zhihe's "Yu Gezi" Xisaishan. "The white egret flies in front of you" has been popular throughout the ages. Dongpo tried to use it in a sentence to enter the partridge sky, and also used it in Huanxi Sha. However, the completed sentence is not as wonderful as the original word. Taibai Bodhisattva Man, Yi Yi Qin'e, Zhang Zhi and Yu Gezi, the two families are worried and happy, and it is difficult to name their destinations.
Appreciation of famous lines - Peach Blossoms and Flowing Waters, Mandarin Fish Fertilizer
This is a song that has been sung for a long time. The poem describes the scenery on the side of Xisai Mountain: there are egrets flying high in the sky, and clusters of bright peach blossoms bloom beside the stream below the mountain. In the stream are fresh and plump mandarin fish, and the gentle The slanting wind and drizzle are such a vivid and natural spring scene, full of vitality and full of joy. And the people in the spring scenery, wearing bamboo hats and raincoats, are bathing in the slanting wind and drizzle, enjoying themselves. Facing the beautiful natural scenery, he himself became a part of the scenery. The wind and rain were also beautiful. The ancients said, "My clothes are wet with the rain of apricot blossoms, but the wind from the willows is not cold on my face." No wonder he wanted to linger. " "No need to return" not only refers to not going home, but also refers to abandoning his official position and living in seclusion, never to return. The man wearing a coir and hat is a recluse with noble character and unwilling to be an official, and is also the poet himself.
He loves the simple and beautiful nature and believes that this beautiful nature contains his own life interests. He wants to quietly integrate himself into this nature, so he can have such a deep feeling and attachment to nature