Later, it was inherited by Yuan Jie and Gu Kuang, and was strongly advocated by Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen. In the middle Tang Dynasty, Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen advocated a poetry innovation movement centered on the creation of new Yuefu poems.
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The "new Yuefu" in the history of ancient literature, that is, "new Yuefu", is relative to the ancient Yuefu. It refers to a kind of Yuefu poem that uses new themes to write current events, and no longer takes whether it is enjoyable as the standard. The new Yuefu poetry originated from Du Fu, inherited by Yuan Jie and Gu Kuang, and strongly advocated by Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen. In the middle Tang Dynasty, Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen advocated a poetry innovation movement centered on the creation of new Yuefu poems. And Zhu Zheqin's "New Yuefu" music album.
Concept introduction
The so-called new Yuefu is relative to the ancient Yuefu. This concept was first put forward by Bai Juyi. He has compiled more than 50 poems, such as Beauty is Better than Happiness and Setting a Topic for Something, into New Yuefu. The new Yuefu has three characteristics: one is to use new questions. Since Jian 'an, most of the songs written by literati are based on current events and follow ancient topics, often with limited content and inconsistent topics. Bai Juyi writes current affairs with new topics, so it is also called "New Topic Yuefu". The second is to write current events. After Jian 'an, writers have their own innovative themes, but most of them have nothing to do with current affairs. Writing new themes and current events began with Du Fu. Bai Juyi followed the tradition and stabbed the reality with the new Yuefu. Third, it is not measured by whether you are happy or not. Many new Yuefu poems are to taste the "songs broadcast in the movement". Musically, it has the name of Yuefu, but in content, it directly inherits the realistic spirit of Han Yuefu and is a real Yuefu. The forerunner of the New Yuefu Movement was Du Fu, followed by Yuan Jie and Gu Kuang, and finally Zhang Ji and Wang Jianwei. During the period of "Bai Yuan", it clearly put forward a whole set of theories of "combining articles with the times, and combining songs and poems with phases". In addition, Yuan and Bai poems were the best in the world, and a large number of new Yuefu poems appeared, which had a great influence at that time, making this great literary movement a great success. [ 1]? "Biography of Teachers and Friends" contains: "Bai Juyi, Yuan Zhen, Zhang Ji and Wang Jianchuang are new Yuefu, and they are also their own." During Zhenyuan and Yuanhe years, the new Yuefu movement and the ancient prose movement of Han and Liu successively dominated the literary world and had the same social reasons.
After the Anshi Rebellion, the Tang Dynasty witnessed social unrest and political corruption, and people of insight witnessed increasingly serious social problems, hoping to save the declining national situation through political improvement and the promotion of national spirit. This thought was embodied in the ancient prose movement and the new Yuefu movement in the literary world. The poet inherited Du Fu's social realism style and tried to reflect the sufferings of people's livelihood and the disadvantages of social reality in his poems. However, this type of creation is bound to touch powerful people, so it is not smooth in promoting the atmosphere. However, such a spirit of caring for the country and the people is commendable in both literary history and humanitarian care.
social context
On the occasion of Zhenyuan and Yuanhe in the Tang Dynasty, the majority of landlords and literati demanded political reform to revive the rule of the Tang Dynasty. Driven by this wave, Bai Juyi, Yuan Zhen and other poets advocated restoring the ancient system of poetry collection, carrying forward the tradition of satirizing current events in the Book of Songs and Yuefu in Han and Wei Dynasties, and making poetry play the role of "monitoring current events" and "releasing human feelings". Bai Juyi put forward in Nine Books of the Same Origin: "Articles are written in time, and songs and poems are written in things." In the preface to the new Yuefu, the principles of the creation of the new Yuefu poems are put forward in an all-round way, and the words are required to be simple and easy to understand and easy for readers to understand; What you say should be straightforward and to the point, so that those who hear it can get a warning; The narrative should be well-founded and convincing; You also need words to be fluent, rhythmic and enjoyable. Call yourself a monarch, a minister, for the people, for things, for things, not for writing. The new Yuefu movement was the product of a specific era in Zhenyuan, Yuanhe years. At this time, the Anshi Rebellion had passed and the Tang Dynasty was in decline. On the one hand, feudalism in the buffer region, the autocratic power of eunuchs, heavy taxes, the disparity between the rich and the poor, the intrusion of barbarians and frequent wars further exposed the contradictions in all aspects of social life; On the other hand, some people of insight in the ruling class have a clearer understanding of the disadvantages of reality. They hoped that by improving politics and easing social contradictions, the Tang Dynasty would flourish. This situation was reflected in the literary and poetic circles at that time, and the ancient prose movement advocated by Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan and the new Yuefu movement advocated by Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen appeared respectively.
Meaning influence
Poets such as Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen either "hinted at ancient themes" or imitated Du Fu's "poems about famous things", improved the popular folk songs at that time and actively engaged in the creation of new Yuefu poems. Bai Juyi's 50 New Yuefu Poems, his New Yuefu Poems 10, Yuan Zhen's Tian Jia Ci and Zhi Fu Ci, and Li Pai's New Yuefu Poems 12 are all their representative works. Zhang Ji's 33 Yuefu poems, wild old songs, fortification poems and Jia's poems reflect the sufferings brought to the people by the war and expose the cruel exploitation and slavery of the people by the rulers. Wang Jian described the miserable life of the courier in the boatman's Ballad. Tian Jia Xing and Silkworm Collection revealed the cruelty of feudal taxation. Li Shen once wrote 20 new poems about Yuefu, but there are no more. His two poems "Compassion for Farmers" wrote: "A drop in the spring will yield ten thousand kinds in the autumn. There are no idle fields in the four seas, and farmers still starve to death. " "After cutting the grain at noon, sweat dripped into the soil. Who knows that the Chinese food on the plate is hard. " It has become a famous sentence that has been passed down through the ages. Pi Rixiu, Nie and Du Xunhe, poets in the late Tang Dynasty, inherited the spirit of the new Yuefu. Pi Rixiu's ten poems and three shameful poems, Nie's Journey to the Childe, Du Xunhe's Widow in the Mountain and Houhui Village Rebellion, profoundly exposed the cruelty and decay of the rulers in the late Tang Dynasty and the social reality before and after the peasant war in the late Tang Dynasty.
reference data
Baidu Encyclopedia: /item/ Xinlewu /293805? Fr = Aladdin