1. When writing a review at the end of the term, the teacher will wish you the next year: ("Go up a storey still higher."
Xiao Ming's mind is not studying all day. Please use the poems he has learned to persuade him: ("Young people who don't work hard are pathetic." When we waste food, Grandpa often teaches us with a poem by Li Shen in the Tang Dynasty: ("Who knows that every Chinese food is hard."
Sometimes, some people can't see clearly what they are doing in their own environment, which is what people often say ("the authorities are fascinated, the onlookers see clearly"). Su Shi, a poet in the Song Dynasty, wrote the poem "I don't know the true face of Lushan Mountain, but I am only in this mountain", which explains this simple truth.
When we want to repay our mother's kindness, we will naturally recite Meng Jiao's Wandering Son (a thread in the hand of a kind-hearted mother, making clothes for her wayward boy's body. Before leaving, I had a stitch for fear that my son would come back late and his clothes would be damaged.
Who can say that a filial child like the weak can repay his mother's love like the sunshine in spring? 6. When we are on holiday in other places, we often quote the poem "Being in a Foreign Land" written by the Tang Dynasty poet Wang Wei in "My Shandong Brothers in Mountain Holiday" to express our nostalgia for our family.
7. Nowadays, people often use Ren's famous sentences to express their deep affection for distant friends. 8. When I came to the foot of the waterfall, I looked up at the waterfall pouring down, and the water splashed everywhere. I couldn't help but think of a poem ("Flying down three thousands of feet, it is suspected that the Milky Way has fallen for nine days").
There was a math problem last night, and I racked my brains and couldn't figure it out. Just when I was ("doubt is irreversible"), my father came over, and with a little help from him, I was suddenly enlightened. It really is ("Another village has a bright future").
10 Grandpa's seventieth birthday. Everyone wishes Grandpa: "Happiness is like the East China Sea, and life is longer than the South Mountain". Grandpa sighed: ("to see the sun, for all his glory, buried by the coming night."
) I quickly stopped grandpa's words: "('Frost leaves are red in February flowers'). Grandpa, your bones are stronger than those of young people. "
Grandpa smiled happily. 1 1. "Young people don't work hard, old disciples (2)" comes from the long song line of Han Yuefu.
(1) sorrow (2) sorrow (3) sorrow 12. Yan Shu's "Huanxisha" in the "helpless flowers fall" is the next sentence (3). (1) deja vu birds return (2) deja vu geese return (3) deja vu Yan return 13. The author of the seven-step poem is (1).
(1) Cao Zhi (2) Cao Pi (3) Cao Cao 14. "But make Longcheng fly, and don't teach Humadu (1)". (1) Yinshan (2) Border Pass (3) Yanshan 15. In Du Fu's Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night, the next sentence is (2).
(1) Flower weight Mianyang City (2) Flower weight Jinzhou City (3) Flower weight Jinguan City 16. "Spring can't close the garden, but an apricot leaves the wall" comes from Ye Shaoweng (1). (1) Gardens are worthless (2) Hope of Spring (3) Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night 17. (1) wrote a poem: "However, China keeps our friendship, and heaven is still our neighbor".
(1) Wang Bo ② Li Bai ③ Bai Juyi 18. "Who has never died since ancient times, leave a picture of Dan Xin (II)" is a poem by Wen Tianxiang. (1) Han Qing (2) Han Qing (3) Han Qing 19. The meaning of "sitting" in "parking in the maple forest late, frosty leaves are red in February flowers" is (1).
(1) Because (2) Sit (3) for 20 seats, the next sentence of "480 halls of southern dynasties" in Du Mu's Spring Day in Jiangnan is (3). (1) number of smoke waves on the balcony (2) number of heavy rains on the balcony (3) number of smoke and rain on the balcony, 2 1. "A stranger in a foreign land misses his family more on holidays" is a poem of (1).
(1) Wang Wei (2) Wang Zhihuan (3) Wang Bo 22. Tianjingsha Qiu Si is a poem written in Yuan Dynasty. (1) Zhang (2) Ma Zhiyuan (3) Yuan Haowen 23. Wildfire never completely burned them, but they grew taller in the spring breeze. This sentence comes from (1).
(1) Bai Juyi's Farewell to the Ancient Grassland (2) Wang Changling's (3) Du Mu's Jiangnan Spring (24) "Like the strong wind in spring, it blows at night and blows open the petals of ten thousand pear trees" wrote (3) (1) Spring scenery (2) Pear blossoms (3) Snow scenery 25. "Silkworms in spring will weave until they die, and candles will drain the wick every night" comes from "untitled" in (3).
(1) Li He (2) Li Qingzhao (3) Li Shangyin 26. "Fallen leaves are like waterfalls, and I see the long river rolling in" comes from Du Fu (2). (1) The thatched cottage was broken by the autumn wind (2) Climbing high and looking far (3) Reading a book. "Thirty fame, the dust settles, eight thousand miles of clouds and the moon" is (2).
(1) Yue Fei (2) Xin Qiji (3) Lu You 28. In Gong Zizhen's Jihai Miscellaneous Work, "red" means ②. (1) red (2) flowers (3) leaves 29. "The moon, now full of the sea, (3)*** at this time" is a famous sentence of Zhang Jiuling.
(1) Heaven and Earth (2) Heaven and Earth (3) Tianya 30 "Mochow has no bosom friend in the road ahead, and everyone in the world knows the monarch" comes from (1). (1) Gao Shi (2) Cen Can (3) Wang Changling 3 1. The "Jun" in "Just the beautiful scenery in the south of the Yangtze River, meeting Jun in the falling flower season" refers to (2).
(1) Li Yannian (2) Li Guinian (3) Cui Jiu32. "It's easier to see when you're away" and "It was a long time before I met her, but it's been longer since we separated" are poems of (3) respectively. (1) Li Yu, Liu Yong (2) Liu Yong, Li Qingzhao (3) Li Yu, Li Shangyin.
2. Li Bai's literary knowledge
Li Bai (AD 70 1- AD 762), whose name is Taibai, is a violet layman.
Li Bai is a famous poet in Tang Dynasty and one of the most famous poets in China. He is another great romantic poet in the history of China literature after Qu Yuan, and is known as "[ur] Poet Fairy". Li Bai and Du Fu are collectively called "Du Li".
His ancestral home was in Ji Cheng, Longxi (now southwest of Jingning, Gansu), and his ancestors broke leaves at the end of Sui Dynasty (now near tokmak, northern Kyrgyzstan). When I was a child, I moved to Qinglian Township, Changlong County, Mianzhou (now Jiangyou, Sichuan) with my father. At the age of twenty-five, he left his relatives to travel far away and went out of Shu with his sword.
At the beginning of Tianbao's offering to Hanlin, he was slandered by powerful people and left Chang 'an in just over a year. He was Wang Yong's chief of staff during the Anshi Rebellion. Because he was defeated in Xunyang prison, he was exiled to Yelang, but he was pardoned halfway.
In his later years, he went to his uncle Dangtu to make Li, then died in Dangtu and was buried in Longshan. In the 12th year of Tang Yuanhe (8 17), the observation of Xuanzang Pool made Fan move the tomb to Qingshan according to Li Bai's wishes.
There are thirty volumes of Li Taibai's collected works. Now there are more than 990 poems and songs by Li Bai.
Among them, there are a large number of political lyric poems, which fully show the poet's extraordinary ambition, unrestrained spirit and heroic spirit, and also represent the typical tone of poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Li Bai has a strong sense of self and compares himself with Dapeng many times. "One day, Dapeng rises with the wind and goes straight to Wan Li" and "Li Yong".
However, Li Bai's frustration in Chang 'an for three years turned his full political enthusiasm into a wild song of grief and indignation when he was hit by reality again, and it gushed out from his chest: "The road is as wide as the sky, and there is no way out in front of me. I am ashamed to follow those people who have no backbone, fighting cocks and betting on pears, and I want to return home with no fish to eat, and I don't think Zhou will succumb to the nobles." Li Bai also used a hearty drinking poem to dispel the sadness of his talent.
"Into the Wine": "Oh, let a man with spirit take risks where he likes, and never point his golden cup at the moon! Since God has given talents, let them be used! , spin one thousand silver, all come back! Cook a sheep, kill a cow, sharpen your appetite, and let me, 300 bowls, take a long drink! " It is in line with this unrestrained emotional momentum. The remarkable characteristics of Li Bai's poems in artistic techniques are: magical imagination, endless changes, vertical and horizontal structure and patchwork sentence patterns, which form a magnificent and elegant style. Tianmu Mountain, which ascended to heaven in my dream, goes straight to the sky, with its peak reaching into the sky and five holy peaks on top, casting shadows through China.
The Paradise Terrace Mountains are 100 miles long, and it is here that they begin to extend to the southeast. My heart and my dream are in Wu Heyue, and they cross Jinghu Lake on a moonlit night.
The moon lit up my shadow and I came to Yanhe. Xie 'an is still there, with a loud voice and rippling blue waves.
Xie, climbed Yun Lan's ladder. Halfway through the sunny ocean, the sacred rooster crows in space.
Countless peaks and more valleys, there is no road, flowers tempt me, and rocks relax me. The day suddenly ended. Bears, dragons and storms on mountains and rivers disturb forests and shake mountains.
Clouds are darkened by rain, and streams are pale by fog. The god of thunder and lightning shattered the whole mountain range, and the stone gate was divided and vented in the sinkhole.
An impenetrable shadow, but now the sun and the moon light up the gold and silver terrace. Dressed in colorful clothes and riding the wind, all the queens of the clouds came down one by one, with tigers playing pipa and phoenixes dancing.
Row after row, like a hemp field, lined with fairy figures. When the big dream first woke up, the dreamland disappeared, which led to the understanding of the world of life: "People's happiness is always like this, and thousands of waters flow eastward in Qian Shan", "Alas, how can I bow and scrape to those high-ranking officials who will never be shown with honesty?".
This feature of Li Bai's Dream Falling from the Sky has greatly developed Zhuangzi's fable, Qu Yuan's first romantic spirit and expression techniques, and also incorporated the Taoist immortal image, which has amazing artistic charm and won the praise of a generation of "poetic immortals". Li Bai's poems and songs have diverse themes.
His seven-character ancient poems (Shu Dao Nan, Tian Mu Shan Meng Deng, Jiang, Yin, etc. ); Five-character ancient poems (59 ancient styles); There are some poems in Yuefu folk songs in the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties, such as Long March and Midnight Wu Ge. And seven-character quatrains (looking at Lushan Waterfall, looking at Tianmen Mountain, making Baidi City as early as possible, etc. ) became masterpieces in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Li Bai was already famous in the Tang Dynasty.
His poem "There is no set volume, but every family has it". He is the first poet in China's poetry.
3. Common sense about Li Bai
Bai (70 1~762) was a poet in Tang dynasty.
The word is too white, and the number is violet. Mian Governor Long (now Jiangyou, Sichuan) was born.
In his youth, Li Bai studied in a wide range. In addition to Confucian classics and ancient literary and historical masterpieces, he also browsed hundreds of books and became a "good swordsman". Believing in Taoism, having the idea of transcending the secular; At the same time, he has the political ambition to make contributions.
The poems he wrote in Shu as a teenager are rarely preserved, but they show outstanding talent. Li Bai traveled in eastern Sichuan when he was about twenty-five or six years old.
In the next ten years, he roamed many places in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River. In the 18th year of Kaiyuan (730), he once arrived in Chang 'an to strive for a political way out, but failed. In the first year of Tianbao (742), he was called by Xuanzong to worship Hanlin in Chang 'an as a minister of civil affairs and participated in drafting documents.
Less than two years later, he was forced to resign and leave Beijing. During this period, Li Bai's poetry and song creation tends to be mature.
1 1 years later, continue to wander in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and the Yangtze River. "Wandering around the world, it is suitable for poetry and wine." He still cares about state affairs and hopes to be re-appointed by the court.
In the third year of Tianbao, Li Bai met Du Fu in Luoyang and became good friends. They didn't meet again after breaking up the next year. In the fourteenth year of Tianbao, the Anshi Rebellion broke out, and Li Bai lived in seclusion in Xuancheng (now Anhui) and Lushan Mountain.
In the second year1February, he was invited to the Lee Shogunate in Wang Yong, hoping to eliminate the rebellion and restore national unity. After Wang Yong angered Su Zong and was killed, Li Bai was also found guilty, imprisoned in Xunyang (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi) and soon exiled to Yelang (now Tongzi, Guizhou).
On the way, I was forgiven and came back. I was 59 years old. Living in Jiangnan area in his later years.
At the age of 6 1, I heard that Qiu Li Guangbi led an army out of the city to attack the Anshi rebels and went north to join the army to kill the enemy. He turned back halfway due to illness. The following year, he died in the apartment of his uncle Dangtu (now Anhui) county magistrate Li.
Textual research on Li Bai's death? There have always been two versions of Li Bai's death: one is illness and the other is drowning. The former existed in the Tang Dynasty, and "people are in danger of greed, and their souls are extremely drunk" (Pi Rixiu's Seven Love Poems). Guo Moruo, who studied medicine, put it more scientifically, "Empyema is chronic, and punching holes in the chest wall becomes a danger of greed" (Li Bai and Du Fu).
The latter is a folk legend, in which "fishing for the moon and falling into the water" and "riding a whale to the sky" are dismissed as absurd. However, some things are inconclusive.
? There are related records (epitaph, epitaph, biography) in the Tang Dynasty, and there are many articles about the death of Li Bai. Dangtu county magistrate Li Yangbing is Li Bai's uncle. Li Bai was still there when he wrote the preface to Caotang Collection. In the preface, he only said that he was "urgently ill". No matter whether Li died of illness or not, there is no "postscript reprint"
After Li Bai's death, Li Hua, who was longer than the inscription, was as fond of ink as gold, and cleverly avoided the cause of death in the thirteen words of Li Bai's epitaph: "There are two at the age of 60, and I have not died with him." "Fifty-five years later, Fan Chuan, a" family friend "of Li, wrote down the cause of death on Li Baixin's tombstone, with only eight words:" Wandering in Yizhou, but dying here. "
It seems that Li Bai's illness is real, and there is no first-hand information to conclude that he died of illness. ? I agree to drown.
If the death of a celebrity is not obvious, there will always be a cloud of doubt, which will remain a mystery for a long time. If Li Bai dies of illness, Li can make up for it, and Li Hua doesn't have to avoid it. Fan Zhengchuan should be more eloquent; If it weren't for a "natural death", it would certainly give birth to a lot of scruples.
In feudal times, drowning was considered as "sudden death" rather than "natural death". According to the ancient ceremony, it is an ominous sign that relatives and friends can't mourn, and it also hinders the future of future generations. In order to cover up the truth, it is often regarded as "death". In this way, relatives and friends who are both taboo and unwilling to cheat, began to hesitate to write, and had to avoid the heavy and light.
? History has left us only a few mysterious words! The truth of history is not always in words, and it is often biased to explore the truth with existing words; The winding path leads to a secluded place, that is, based on historical experience, we seek extensive examination, glimpse the subtle meaning between the lines of unofficial history, the official history, and trace back to the legendary source of running water. Every time a celebrity tells a story, or exaggerates beauty or promotes evil, it has a reputation and is destroyed. Most of them are entrusted with people's wishes, which inevitably brings an excessive sense of color, but it also contains some truth.
Li Bai's drowning theory began to spread as early as when Li Bai lived to be a hundred years old. Du Fu's poems "Li Bai's Dream" and "Li Bai to the End of the Sky" include "There is water to cross, they are wild and churning, if you fall, there will be dragons and monsters in the river", "Beside the river and lake-storms, shipwrecks, fears in a small boat" and "Ghost Ying * * * threw poems at him, and he drowned in the Milo River". Wu Shan people say: "If you are suspicious, you will spread false stories about the dead, so the children are beautiful."
(Wang Qi notes "Complete Works of Li Taibai" Volume 32) Can we imagine that "False Biography" cast a "hint" on Li Bai as he lay dying? Li Bai's death made the spread of "False Biography" unprecedented in scale and time? ? "Moon fishing" and "whale riding" are all bullshit. It is worth pondering that people would rather give up the exploration of medical science and drive their own imagination, which is really meaningful. Poets of past dynasties dismissed the "threat of disease" and flatly recognized that fishing for the moon and riding whales, such as "drunken holding the bright moon at the bottom of the river, shaking the heart in autumn" (Zong Chen), "drunk at that time, but now it is cold light flowing to Wan Li" (Upp) and "there is nothing left for the world to fly, and riding whales for the elderly is the sky" (Li Dongyang).
Today, Dangtu people still talk about catching Taiwan, and it is difficult for painters to reproduce the image of "riding a whale to heaven" based on the Antarctic blue whale in the exhibition hall of Li Bai cemetery. ? At this point, a hypothesis came out immediately.
There are only two possibilities for drowning: one is to slip after drunkenness, and the other is to throw into the river. From Qu Yuan to Wang Guowei, how many poems Weng Wenbo had an indissoluble bond with the river! Li Bai, known as the "fallen fairy", is a genius that has never been seen in the world, and naturally it is not allowed by the world. It was not Li Bai's unique "return" that threw him into the river! It is said that Li Bai really died of drinking. According to Guo Moruo, when Li Bai died.
The whole body is festering inside. However, people don't want to let a great poet go like this, so they made up many legends, the most famous of which is the legend that Li Bai died by riding a whale to catch the moon. Wen Yiduo wrote such a poem.
How Li Bai died is not very important to us now. Li Bai died more than 1000 years ago, not only his people but also his spirit.
Li Bai is a poet and has a very elegant personality, which we can't see much from so-called poets or literati now. Li Bai remained indomitable all his life and maintained a lofty personality, which is what I saw in the present society.
4. Multiple-choice questions, true-false questions and fill-in-the-blank questions of ancient poetry (20 questions each, answers are appreciated).
1, Li Bai came from the (Tang) Dynasty and was called "Poet Fairy".
2, white hair three thousands of feet, (the original worry is long). 3, flying down three thousands of feet, (coagulation is the Milky Way pour nine days).
4. To Wang Lun is a poem written by (Wang Lun) to (Li Bai) when he was leaving. 5. Knowing from a distance where my brother climbed high, Cornus officinalis lost one person.
Such a bright line is at the foot of my bed, and the frost is condensed on the ground. The moonlight was bright in front of the bed, and I thought it was frost on the bed. )
7, but make Longcheng fly, don't teach Huma to cross the Yinshan Mountain. Longcheng Feizhi (Li Guang).
8, translation: the moon was closed in Qin dynasty and the long March did not return. The bright moon is still the bright moon in Qin and Han dynasties, and the border pass is still the border pass in Qin and Han dynasties.
9. The next day, the lotus leaves were infinitely blue, and the lotus flowers were of different colors. The lotus leaf in the pond is endless green, and the lotus flower is particularly red in this green. )
10, "Morning in Spring" written by me (Meng Haoran) is called (Xiao Chun). 1 1, praise the appointment right of Xiaocao with an ancient poem.
The endless grass on the plain comes and goes with the seasons. Wildfire never completely devours them, but they grow taller in the spring breeze. 12, (Li Bai) described the waterfall in an exaggerated way. This sentence is: Flying down thousands of feet, the Milky Way set for nine days.
13, there is a poem about willow, which was written by (He) and called (Chanting Willow). There is a saying: 14, we are happy today, but we can't waste food. Please remind yourself with an ancient poem.
When weeding is at noon, sweat drips down the soil. Who knows every grain is hard? 15, now there are many tall buildings in big cities. There is a poem about tall buildings that is exaggerated. This poem is: a dangerous building is 100 feet high, and you can pick up stars with your hands.
Standing here, I dare not speak loudly for fear of disturbing the gods in the sky. 16, describing that the authorities are lost, and the onlookers are clear.
I don't know the true face of Lushan Mountain, but I am here. ) 17, it's hard to repay your mother's kindness, and it can be used as a poem (but how much love an inch of grass has, and it will repay you for three years. )
18, timely rain is (good rain knows the season and occurs in spring. ) 19, cherish time. There is such a poem that can be expressed: (Tomorrow is tomorrow, how many tomorrows there are.
Tomorrow will never come. Then write a poem. When I ask your student under a pine tree, "My teacher," he replied, "went to pick herbs."
But through these clouds, how can I know which corner of the mountain it is facing? . )。