Rhythm of "Huanxisha":
1. Regular style
Rhyme comparison example: "Huanxisha·Hangover, Sorrow and Slow Bun"
Zhongping, Zhongping, Zhongping, Zhongping, Zhongping, Zhongping, Zhongping.
Hangover, separation and sorrow, the servant girl has a slow bun. The thin six-baht clothes make her feel cold, and the dull red and dull green cover the green luan.
Zhongping, Zhongping, Zhongping, Zhongping, Zhongping, Zhongping, Zhongping. Zhongping, Zhongping, Zhongping, Zhongping.
The stockings are both golden and golden, and the snowy skin is still jade. The bones are fragrant, the waist is thin, and the sandalwood is deep.
2. Variation 1
Rhyme comparison example: "Huanxisha·Hongpodutou Qiu Zhengyu"
Ping, level, level, level, level, level, level, level, level, level, level, level, level, level, level, level, level, level, level, level, level, level, level, level, level, level, level, level, level. Flat, flat flat flat flat flat flat.
It is raining in autumn at the red Polygonum ferry, and the traces of gulls on the sand form their own lines, and the whole servant girl's sleeves are filled with the fragrance of wild wind.
廄仄平平仄仄, 仄平平仄仄平平, 仄平平仄仄平平.
Silent and frowning, I was deep in the pond. I felt sad for a few times, and the boatman was so sad that the sails of the swallows were gone and the water was vast.
3. Variation 2
Ping, level, level, level, level, level, level, level, level, level.
The wind blows and the fragrance fills the courtyard. The four curtains roll lazily as the sun begins to grow, and clouds hanging from the temples make a faint sound on the pillow.
Ping, level, level, level, level, level, level. Flat, flat, flat, flat.
The dream of spring has not yet come true, and I feel sad and lonely. It is difficult to believe in the good times. Thousands of hearts, thousands of tears, weeping in the orchid hall.
4. Variation 3
Rhyme comparison example: "Huanxisha·Red lotus root fragrant cold green Zhuping"
Ping, level, level, level, level. Flat, flat, flat. Flat, flat, flat, flat.
The red lotus root is fragrant and the cold green is in Zhuping. The moon cage is empty and the crickets are clear at night in the empty pavilion. The sky is vast, the pillow is dreaming, the two are in love.
廄仄仄平仄仄, 仄平平仄仄平平. Flat, flat, flat, flat.
The jade stove in the treasure tent is still cold, and the gold strands in the robe are dark and dusty. The small window is cold, the candle is alone, and tears are flowing freely.
5. Variation 4
Rhyme comparison example: "Huanxisha·The red sun is already three feet high"
Ping, level, level, level, level, level. Flat, flat, flat, flat.
The red sun is already three feet high, the golden furnace is adding incense beasts one after another, and the red brocade lichen is wrinkled with every step.
Ping, level, level, level, level, level, level, level, level.
Beautiful ladies dance with gold hairpins, sniff flower stamens when they are drunk, and hear the playing of flutes and drums in the distance from the other hall.
Huanxisha [huàn xī shā] ? (Cipai)
Basic information
Huanxisha, the name of Cipai, was originally the name of a Jiaofang song in the Tang Dynasty. It is divided into oblique and oblique styles, with the majority of the characters being forty-two, and there are two types, forty-four and forty-six. The first person to adopt this tune was Han Xie of the Tang Dynasty. He usually used his poem "Huanxisha·Hangover, Sorrow and Slow Bun" as the formal form, and there are four other variations. The main body is in double tone, with forty-two characters. The upper part has three sentences, three flat rhymes, and the lower part has three sentences, two flat rhymes. This tune has bright syllables and is commonly used by both graceful and bold poets. Representative works include Yan Shu's "Huanxisha: A New Song and a Glass of Wine", Qin Guan's "Huanxisha: Momo Qinghan Going to the Small Building", etc.
2. History of Ci Pai
Huanxisha was originally the name of a song in the Tang Dynasty. "Jin Lian Ji" was included in the "Huangzhong Palace", and "Zhang Ziye Ci" was included in the "Zhonglu Palace".
Tang Jiaofang's song has the title "Huanxisha", which is slightly different from this tune. Tangsheng poetry (a modern poem with music in the Tang Dynasty) also has the title of "Huanxisha" and the lyrics are in the form of seven characters and six sentences; there is also the title of "Huan Sha Nu" and the lyrics are in the form of five characters and four sentences. From the literal meaning, "Huan" means washing and rinsing; "Sha" means "sha" in ancient times. Therefore, the object of "Huan" can only be "sha". The poems by Mao Wenxi, Yan Xuan, Mao Xizhen, and Li Xun recorded in the Tang manuscript "Yunyao Collection·Zaqu" unearthed in Dunhuang and the "Huajian Collection" collected by Zhao Chongzuo of the Later Shu Dynasty in the Five Dynasties are all titled "Huansha River". Let’s look at the allusion of the word “Huan Sha”: According to the Records of Kuaiji written by Kong Lingfu of the Southern Song Dynasty, “Gou Jian asked for beautiful women to offer to the King of Wu, and got the salary-selling girls Xi Shi and Zheng Dan from Luoshan in Zhuji. He first taught them in Tucheng Mountain. Mountain. There is a stone on the side, and the cloud is Xishi Huansha stone." There is a Huansha Stone at the foot of the Zhuluo Mountain in the southern suburbs of Zhuji City, Zhejiang Province, on the bank of the Huansha River. It is said that the word "Huansha" was written by Wang Xizhi of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. It is said that this is the place where Xishi, a beauty from the Yue Kingdom, used her Shasha in the Spring and Autumn Period. It is said that Huansha Creek is Ruoye Creek twenty miles south of Shaoxing, Zhejiang. In short, the original meaning of the name "Huansha Stream" is the stream of Xishi Huansha, a beauty from the Yue Kingdom in Wing Chun and Autumn. Also: Liang Qixun, a recent scholar, said in "Ci Xue·Tiao Ming": ""Huansha Stream", Du Fu's poem, 'Mr. Yichuan Temple, washing medicine in Huansha Stream'." Note: Today's "Du Gongbu Collection", written by Du Fu of the Tang Dynasty His poem "Three Quatrains" contains the sentence "Move the boat to visit the temple first, wash the medicine in Huansha River". There is Huanhua Creek but not Huansha Creek near Du Fu Thatched Cottage in Chengdu. Moreover, the words "生" and "sha" in the poem quoted by Liang Qixun have different texts. Therefore, Liang said it is for reference only.
The first person to adopt this tune was Han Xie of the Tang Dynasty. He usually used his words as the regular style and this style as the plain rhyme style. There is also oblique rhyme style, which originated from Li Yu, the later master of the Southern Tang Dynasty. This style has bright syllables, neat sentence structure, and is easy to pronounce. It is commonly used by most lyricists of the graceful and bold schools. Judging from the existing text works of "Huanxisha", there are no direct chants of its tune names. This involves the musical nature of Yuefu tunes in terms of "tune" and not "title".
As a Tang Dynasty Jiaofang song, "Huanxisha" from the Tang and Five Dynasties has several different musical forms including musical instrument playing, singing and dancing. The folk lyrics of "Huanxisha" in the Tang and Five Dynasties have rich themes, such as women, seclusion, travel, patriotism and other themes. Its language is vulgar and the style is simple; the literati's lyrics tend to have a unified theme, talking more about boudoir and lovesickness, with colorful language and gentle and implicit style. . The inheritance and development of "Huanxisha" in the Song Dynasty compared with the Tang and Five Dynasties periods. In terms of music form, the establishment of the fixed writing format of "Huanxisha" in Cipai allows the lyrics to be organically combined with the music melody. In order to be suitable for expressing different sentiments, there are also variations such as "spreading" and "reducing characters", and some poets created "Huanxi Shaman". In terms of lyrics, the creations of literati in the Song Dynasty were more prosperous, and the scope of materials was greatly expanded. The themes were broad and broad, and the style highlighted the two ends of low melody and cheerfulness. During the Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, in addition to the form of lyrics, "Huanxisha" also survived in the form of Sanqu and Nanxi Opera. It continued to flourish until the Qing Dynasty and occupied an important position in the history of Yuefu literature.
Zhang Bi has a sentence "The strong fragrance of the dew spreads over the small garden flowers", which is named "Xiaotinghua"; Han Hui has a sentence "The peony and glutinous rice are full of spring in the courtyard", which is named "Manyuan Chun"; there is "Spring in the courtyard"; The sentence "The east wind blows on the fence and the dew is still cold" is named "East Wind Cold"; there is the sentence "A West Wind Drunk Mignonette", which is named "Drunken Mignonette"; there is the sentence "The yellow flowers and chrysanthemums bloom by themselves after the frost", which is named "Frost Chrysanthemum Yellow"; The sentence "Guanghan once broke the highest branch" is named "Guanghanzhi"; there is the sentence "The spring breeze first tests the thin Luo shirt", which is named "Testing Xiangluo"; there is the sentence "The green shade in the Qinghe wind is beginning", which is named "Qinghefeng" ; There is a sentence "I resented the cuckoo for a spring incident", which is called "Resent for the cuckoo".
3. Format features
Forty-two characters in two-tone style, three sentences in the upper part, three flat rhymes, three sentences in the lower part, two flat rhymes, and two sentences in the last part using antithesis Most of them are sentences. Han Xie's "Huanxisha·Hangover, Sorrow and Slow Bun" is the representative example. In the second sentence of the previous paragraph, Wei Zhuang's poem "The lonely lamp shines on the wall and behind the window screen", the word "lone" has a flat tone, and the word "zhao" has a flat tone. In the second sentence of the second paragraph, Ouyang Jiong writes "Slowly walking in the garden to fold flower branches", and the word "slow" has an oblique sound. In the third sentence, Li Yu's poem "I don't hesitate to wear more clothes when I climb up", the word "deng" has a flat tone, and the word "bu" has a flat tone. The score can be flat or oblique. According to this, the rest can be found in the following words. As for Li's word recorded in "Hua Cao Cui Bian", in the third sentence of the first paragraph, "The flowing water is fragrant and the milk swallows cry". I have checked the common rhyme poems of various schools in the Tang, Song and Yuan Dynasties. In this sentence, the second and sixth characters have never used oblique or slant. If the four characters are flat, the word "Li" is filled in incorrectly, which is unacceptable.
The variant has two tones and has forty-two characters. The first part has three sentences, three flat rhymes; the second part has three sentences, two flat rhymes. Take Xue Zhaoyun's "Huanxisha·Hongpodutou Autumn Zhengyu" written by Xue Zhaoyun in the late Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasties as an example. The first sentence of this word does not rhyme. Xue's poem "The Yue girl is panning for gold on the spring water, walking on the clouds and wearing a ring on her temples" is exactly the same.
Variation 2 and double tone, forty-four characters. The first part has three lines, three equal rhymes; the second part has five lines, two equal rhymes. Take Sun Guangxian's "Huanxi Sand·The Wind Shakes the Fragrance and Fills the Courtyard with Fragrance" written by Sun Guangxian in the Five Dynasties and early Song Dynasty as an example. This word is followed by three characters and three sentences. It is the only word written in Tang, Song and Yuan Dynasties that can be seen in this work.
Variations three and two tones, forty-six characters. The first part has five lines, three equal rhymes; the second part has five lines, two equal rhymes. Take "Huanxisha·Red Lotus Root Fragrance Cold Green Zhuping" written by Gu Hong of the Five Dynasties as an example. This word has three characters and three sentences before and after it. According to the version of "Huajian Ji", the two knots before and after are still composed of seven characters and one sentence. Now it is based on "Hua Cao Cui Bian" to prepare for the whole.
Four double-tone variations, forty-two characters. The first part has three sentences, three oblique rhymes; the second part has three sentences, two oblique rhymes. Li Yu, the late leader of the Southern Tang Dynasty in the Five Dynasties, is represented by "Huanxisha·The red sun has reached three feet high". If this tune all rhymes with oblique rhymes, there is no other verse that can be corrected except this word.