Four Hundred Turns: The Lushan Mountain Winding Highway is 35 kilometers long and has nearly 400 turns. Spin: hover.
Nine Factions, Three Wus: Mao Zedong’s letter to Zhong Xuekun on December 29, 1959, “Nine Factions, the nine great rivers in the three provinces of Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi. Which nine are the most important? There is no need to go into detail. In ancient times, Suzhou was called Soochow, Changzhou was called Zhongwu, and Huzhou was called Xiwu. "
Jiang Tian: Jiang Hetian.
Langxia: The river flows down.
Tao Ling: Tao Yuanming. He served as Peng Zeling for eighty-eight days.
Peach Blossom Spring: See Tao Yuanming's "Poetry of the Peach Blossom Spring". A fisherman went up the stream and found a peach forest at the end, which isolated a group of descendants of Qin Dynasty refugees from the world; Living a self-sufficient, carefree and secluded life in the mountains.
Appreciation
In a letter to "Poetry Magazine" on September 1, Mao Zedong said, "I have recently written two poems of seven rhymes, and recorded the corrections. If I think they are good enough, I can publish them in "Poetry Magazine" Poetry Journal." He also said, "Recently, right-wing opportunists have been aggressively attacking, saying that this is not a good thing for the people's cause, and that is not good at all... My two poems can be regarded as a reply to those bastards."
< p>The first couplet of the poem starts with dynamics. The sentence "Fei Zhi" describes the mountain, and the sentence "Leap Up" describes people. The majestic appearance of Lushan Mountain and the heroic and inspiring expression of the climbers are all vividly reflected in the two words "Fei" and "Leap". The jaw couplet is unfolded after "leap up to the greenery". Climbing high and looking into the distance, it seems that the changing world can be seen at a panoramic view. "Cold" refers to facing the clamor of anti-China forces calmly and indifferently. (At that time, enemies at home and abroad once predicted that the Communist Party would be unable to cope with the problem of feeding 600 million mouths, because Chiang Kai-shek could not do it even with US aid, let alone Blockade of New China?) The word "hot" is a pun, which is not only a description of a natural phenomenon, but also a metaphor for the vigorous "Great Leap Forward" at that time. With the wings of imagination, the neck couplet gallops up and down the Yangtze River, looking west to Wuhan, above the Nine Pavilions, with colorful clouds in the sky and yellow cranes soaring high; looking east to Sanwu, with rolling waves and smoke. The tail couplet uses humorous questions to deny the existence of a Peach Blossom Land without class struggle. Farming in the "isolated" Peach Blossom Land can only be a fantasy.Since ancient times, Lushan Mountain has been a gathering place for literati. There are endless poems written and sung by people on the mountain. There are so many masterpieces among them that future generations are intimidated. How dare they recite them and try their skills?
But Mao Zedong, a great poet of the generation, will use his life, experience, talent and heroic spirit to sing a song "Climbing Mount Lushan". At that time, the poet had just finished writing "Qilu·Shaoshan" for only a few days, but his heart was in a state of excitement, the scenery was changing, and the poetry followed closely and reached another climax.
The word "fly" in the first sentence of this poem is used in a magnificent and calm way. The poem "A mountain flies to the riverside" is soaring in the air like a mountain standing upright, which is poetic. It is completely indistinguishable from the meaning of the mountain. The two beauties merge into one and fill the reader's heart. The poet is different from the previous poets from the beginning of his writing. From the beginning, he uses his unique grandeur to highlight the heroic appearance of Mount Lushan about to fly in the sky.
Then, stand out from the frontal description, and write about the route to the mountain. The route is winding and heart-stirring. The greenery along the way greets, accompanies, and leads you upward; the summer breeze brings refreshing, the vastness and depth. The beautiful scenery adds to the fun of visiting.
Then "looking at the world with a cold eye towards the sea", the poet expresses his thoughts and real situation directly. From the top of the mountain, he looks indifferently and calmly at the anti-China encirclement formed by all the reactionaries in the world. None of this frightened the poet and gave him a "cold look", because the poet had indeed experienced too many difficulties and twists and turns in his life, but he had never been overwhelmed. Just like in the early years, the poet wrote in "Xijiang Moon·Jinggangshan": "I am surrounded by thousands of enemy troops, but I remain unmoved." Now, the poet also once again uses the spirit of Jinggangshan that has been integrated into his blood. Motivate yourself to "struggle hard and be self-reliant" and use your hard-working hands and wisdom to change the world again.
For this reason, the following line: "The hot wind blows and rains on the river and sky", the poet once again draws his attention from the international ("toward the ocean") to the domestic ("river and sky"). Although the "hot wind" here is a literal description of the summer wind, it can be extended to the enthusiastic wind, the warm wind, and further it can be extended to the vigorous "Great Leap Forward" at that time, working hard and striving for the top. , the great sentiment of stepping up the construction of socialism that "ten thousand years is too long, seize the day and night". This huge "hot wind" has spread from here, from the top of Lushan Mountain where the poet stands, to the motherland thousands of miles across the river and sky. The poet's great enthusiasm is also inspiring the motherland, inspiring hundreds of millions of people to work together to create a red new world, and this world is swirling through the "hot wind" of "more, faster, better, and less". In the sky, the sun shines brightly on the land of China.
"There are nine floating yellow cranes in the clouds, and white smoke rises from three Wus under the waves." These two sentences are workmanlike and elegant, and the "horizontal, floating, down, and rising" dynamic chain, alternate between virtual and real, forms a three-dimensional picture. Moreover, the poet was quite satisfied with these two sentences. In his letter to Hu Qiaomu on September 7, 1959, he expressed his views on these two sentences and believed that these two sentences were better. At the same time, he also talked about the difficulty of writing poetry, "Those who have experienced it are like fish drinking water. They know whether it is cold or warm. It is not enough for outsiders."
And these two sentences are also based on the geographical location that the poet is always familiar with. Lay it out, and then fill it with poetry up, down, left, and right, letting it flow freely.
The poet here looked west to the sky over Wuhan, above the river, yellow cranes were floating in the sky, ready to fly; then he looked east to the east of the Yangtze River (and the Sanwu area in ancient times), and saw the Yangtze River flowing down, cascading thousands of miles, and over the Sanwu, the mist was steaming, Passionate and magnificent. These two sentences also describe the booming situation in the motherland.
The last two lines present a profound meaning to the poem. The poet here makes a wonderful use of Tao Yuanming's "Peach Blossom Spring", a beautiful article that has been praised through the ages. Through thousands of years of historical and cultural precipitation, "Peach Blossom Spring" has acquired many symbolic meanings, but its most important symbolic meaning refers to a utopian ideal society. This kind of fictitious society can only comfort the soul, but it will never be seen in the human world.
Although Chairman Mao used Tao Yuanming's classic question here, is it possible to cultivate and work in the Peach Blossom Spring? But it actually leaves a space for readers to think deeply.
Throughout the entire article, we already know that socialist construction was at a climax and passion at that time, so it is natural to imagine that Chairman Mao did not approve of hiding in the so-called peaceful paradise. Those who work hard in the garden. However, the poet Mao Zedong did not directly deny this point, but ended with a hypothetical question, leaving the rest of the poem to make readers ponder. Readers will understand the poet's original intention.