In the ditch, the popes who bought and sold the priesthood, such as the recently deceased Pope Nicholas III and the reigning Pope Minniface VIII, were buried alive in the cracks of the rocks, with only the fire exposed. calves and feet.
The ninth level of hell is a lake of ice, and all the traitors who betrayed the country and the country were frozen in the lake. In the center of the ice lake is the devil Satan, who has three faces. The front mouth bites Judas, who betrayed Jesus, and the left and right mouths bite Carutu and Cassio, who murdered Julius Caesar.
After visiting the lowest level of hell, Dante and Virgil walked out of the foul air and came to the island of Purgatory filled with pure air. After a while, they saw a boat piloted by angels, in which sat a group of souls who had been taken to purgatory. Dante recognized one of them as his friend. The two poets reached the foot of a mountain, where, guided by the elf, they easily climbed the sloping path. They climbed up the path and met many elves. The elves explained that they were imprisoned in Purgatory because they repented too late. They begged Dante to ask their families to pray for their souls once he returned to the surface. When Virgil and Dante walked into the mountain gate, the guardian angel used a sword to carve 7 "P" characters on his forehead, which represent the seven deadly sins of life: pride, jealousy, anger, laziness, greed, publicity and lust. Each time you go up a level. The angel wiped out the word "P". The souls in purgatory and the ghosts in hell are guilty of the same sin. But to a lesser degree and repentant. They obtained God's forgiveness, practiced here, washed away their sins, and rose level by level.
In the paradise on the top of the mountain, Virgil retreated. A procession through the streets escorts a car symbolizing the church's triumph. The chariot is pulled by a half-eagle, half-lion monster, symbolizing Jesus. A group of women, symbolizing various virtues, singing and dancing, surrounded by an elegant woman. She is Beatrice, whom Dante loved when he was young, and she personally came to guide him through heaven.
The majestic and glorious heaven is filled with joy and love. On the first celestial moon, Dante found people who had taken vows of chastity and committed to religious life but were forced to violate their vows. Beatrice took him to the second heaven, Mercury, and from there to the third heaven, Venus. There Dante learned many of the elven virtues. The fourth heaven was the sun, from which the souls of theologians and philosophers radiated light, and they spoke to Dante with interest concerning the wisdom of the sects.
Then, they came to the fifth heaven, Mars. There the souls of the martyrs are sheltered. Dante knew many of these famous warriors and crusaders. In the sixth heaven, Jupiter, Dante saw the souls of those who had administered justice on earth. The seventh heaven is Saturn. There, Dante discovered a number of souls who spent their lives in meditation and religious retreat. They came to the eighth heaven star area. Dante reviewed the entire process between earth and heaven, dazzled and awed by everything he saw. While standing there, some victors returned in triumph. At the head is the Savior, followed closely by the Virgin Mary.
The saints question Dante. St. Peter asked him about fidelity; St. James asked him about hope; and St. John asked him about love. Then Adam came over and told the psalmist how he created the first man, about his life in heaven, his mistakes and the reasons why. St. Peter was greatly grieved by the greed displayed by his apostolic successor. All the saints agreed with him.
Beatrice then took Dante to the ninth heaven. There, Dante was allowed to view the divine nature and listen to the chorus of angels. She then led him to heaven, and from this height, and with the help of her sight, he could see the joy of the angels and the souls enjoying their bliss in heaven. He was so dazzled and fascinated by this scene that he did not realize that Beatrice had left him. When he woke up, he found an old man beside him. The old man told him that Beatrice had returned to the throne. He also told Dante that if he wanted to see more visions of heaven, he and the old man must pray to the Virgin Mary. Dante received this gift, meditated on the glory of God, and in that moment had a glimpse of the greatest mystery of all, the Trinity and the union of man and God.
The concluding sentence of "Hell" is: "See the brilliant stars again."
The concluding sentence of "Pure World" is: "I have been cleansed and ready to ascend to the world." "Stars."
The conclusion of "Heaven" is: "It is love that moves the sun and moves the stars."
From the perspective of the theme, the author wants to promote his. From the religious moral point of view, people must practice hard and get rid of the sins in worldly actions and the seven deadly sins in thoughts and emotions in order to reach the realm of paradise. Dante's masterpiece "The Divine Comedy" expresses the poet's views on the world, life, politics, society, morality, love, religion, etc., and tries to solve the problem of how to obtain happiness. It is an extensive and profound synthesis of medieval culture, philosophy and art, and is also the prelude to modern literature.
◆Take the first five stanzas and the last stanza of the first song of the poem as an example:
When I was in the middle of my life’s journey,/I was in a dark forest,/I woke up and Lost the right path. / Oh, what a desolate wasteland it was, / The roughness of the forest, / Indescribable to words, / I shudder to think of it.
/ It was really death-like pain, / Wait a moment to tell me about the good people I met who guided me, / I have to talk about the terrible things there first: / I can’t tell, / How I walked into that forest, / Because when I walked When I went astray, I was drowsy and confused. / But when I reached the end of the terrible forest, / and then walked towards the foot of a hill, / I felt that my heart was filled with fear and sorrow. / I looked up and saw that the rolling hills / had been covered with the morning sunshine, / which were the bright lights that illuminated all paths of life. "/..."I would like to go with you to Gaucen in the pure realm of hell,/to see the souls drowning in the abyss of suffering,/to find the city gate controlled by St. Peter. "/So he walked in front, and I followed behind.
Wonderful language collection
△Life is not meant to live like an animal, but to pursue virtue and knowledge.
p>△Overcome inertia, because you will not become famous by sitting on a velvet cushion or sleeping in a quilt; wasting your life in obscurity, the traces left by people in the world are like smoke in the air and foam on the water.
△Anyone who hopes that human reason can travel the infinite path of the Trinity is a madman.
△I want to ask you and those who regard gold and silver as God. What's the difference between those who worship idols? They worship one idol, but you worship a hundred. △From here we see that the pasture is full of greedy wolves in shepherd's clothes.
◆Comparison between Dante and Qu Yuan
Dante was a great poet at the end of the Middle Ages, and he appeared in China about 1,600 years before that, at the end of the Warring States Period. An outstanding poet, he is Qu Yuan. Dante and Qu Yuan can be said to be two shining pearls of the East and the West. "The Divine Comedy" and "Li Sao" are two artistic monuments in the history of Eastern and Western literature, Dante of Italy and China. Qu Yuan lived in different countries, but we can use emotions as a thread to transcend the limitations of time and space and put them together. Confucius said: "Poetry can be exciting, contemplative, grouping, and resentful. "In the long-term exile and exile, the pain, loneliness and yearning were all accumulated in the chest. They burst out and formed the crystallization of two major emotions. In order to expose the reality, awaken people's hearts, and point out the mission of moral and political rejuvenation for Italy , Dante created the "Divine Comedy", and in order to expose the evil forces and pursue light, Qu Yuan devoted his life's energy to writing "Li Sao". These two immortal stars in the literary galaxy have the author's real experience and feelings. They are dazzling because they share the same connotation of pursuing truth, goodness and beauty. Although the two poets are quite far apart in time and space, their thoughts and creative methods are so similar:
They are both. In the "Divine Comedy", Dante expressed his own thoughts and deep sorrow for the misfortune of his motherland and the degradation of the upper class in the form of poetry. The dreamlike travels actually strongly hint at the criticism of society and current politics in the poems; in "Li Sao", Qu Yuan expressed the foolishness of King Huai of Chu and the dark reality of treacherous ministers in power: "How can Jie and Zhou be so rampant? The shortcut is almost too embarrassing! Only party members enjoy themselves, the road is obscure and dangerous. How could I be so worried about the emperor's defeat? Suddenly running around, they came one after another, and met the former king's heel force. Tsuen didn't notice Yu's family affection, but believed the slander and became angry. ” His cynicism comes across clearly on the page.