In the history of literature, there is often such a phenomenon that a poem can become a symbol of the change of poetic style. Liang Wudi Xiao Yan's "Jiangnan Lane" has such a nature. Before that, Wu Shenghe's operas were very popular among the people in the south. Xiqu originated in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and Hanshui River Basin, but "its sound festival is different from that of Wu Ge" (see Guo Maoqian's Yuefu Poetry, Volume 47), so it has local characteristics in Hubei today. Among them, Midnight Song is similar to Wu Shengge in terms of words, with beautiful words, elegance and style. However, in the Liang Wudi era, there was a "reform". According to Yuefu Miscellanies, "Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty supervised the winter for eleven years and changed the western music system into fourteen songs, Jiangnan music and Shangyun music." There are seven songs in Jiangnan, the first is called Jiangnan Nong, the second is called Dragon Flute Song, the third is called Lotus Picking Song, the fourth is called Song, the fifth is called Ling Lotus Picking Song, the sixth is called Younv Song, and the seventh is called ChaoYun Ge. The monarch advocated first, and his ministers responded later. Shen Yue, who invented "Four Sounds and Eight Diseases", also wrote four songs. After the "transformation" of emperors and courtiers, folk songs lost their rustic flavor and became more elegant. With the change of ideological content, its music rhythm has also changed, that is, from five words and four sentences to "reading without repairing" miscellaneous poems. Because of this, people who studied Ci later took "Jiangnan Lane" as the origin of Ci, and Amin Yang Shen even called it Ci, saying, "This word is wonderful. The lyrics began in the Tang Dynasty and began in the Six Dynasties. " Of course, this statement is not accurate, because Ci is a kind of lyrics with Yan music as the theme, which was used as Qing music in the Liang Dynasty, so it is impossible to have Ci. But from these viewpoints, it seems to be a sign of the change of poetic style.
On the other hand, the love songs used by Wu Sheng and Xiqu to describe men and women exude the fragrance of earth (of course, there are also many essays by literati), and Emperor Liang obviously transplanted their freehand brushwork life from folk ridges and lotus ponds to the court through Jiangnan Lane. The poem begins with two sentences: "Flowers are all over the building, Fang Shu is bright green, and the shade is light." Forest climbers are also the emperor's gardens. When Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty climbed the forest garden, he borrowed the Guide to the Imperial Garden here. At that time, Qiu Chi and Chen Bo's book said: "In the spring of March, the grass grows in the south of the Yangtze River, the peanut trees are mixed, and the warblers fly everywhere." It is a famous sentence about spring scenery in Jiangnan. However, here, Xiao Yan turned his prose into a poem, which was summed up in seven words. In front of the readers, he presented a colorful forest scenery, but the meaning of the words was too elegant. The next sentence "Fang Shu" refers to flowers, and "Yao Qing" refers to the new leaves on the tree shining with green luster under the sunlight. The words of the four words "flowers and leaves" are refined, and the literati atmosphere is strong, which is not as good as the spoken language of "Ming turns to nature" in "Midnight Song". At the end of the sentence, the word "light hanging shade" describes the density of flowers and trees, but the word "light" indicates that it is still spring scenery, which is different from the summer when green leaves turn cloudy. These are all deliberated by the author. Song people called Yan Shu's poem "Pear flowers dissolve in the courtyard, catkin pond is lighter than the wind", which is full of atmosphere. Looking at these two sentences carefully, it also reveals a strong atmosphere.
From "hand in hand, love to dance", from scenery writing to lyricism. According to the "Biography of Southern History and Baiguan", Jiangnan at this time was "a land of hundreds of households, full of scholars and women, singing and dancing, and mutual affection". Even among the people, it is conceivable that there are so many songs and dances in the court. Hand in hand means hand in hand here; Time flies, which means dancing in small steps. "Yutai New Gu Yong Yuefu" says: "On the ditch, the ditch water flows east and west." That is, to describe the appearance of small steps. Singers are holding hands, stepping on the steps, singing and dancing lightly, and their joy can be seen in the word "hot dance". The beautiful spring makes people move, and they can't help feeling the longing for love and dancing. This language is very new. It integrates the dancer's feelings into the action and condenses it into a short phrase, which is difficult for folk songs to do.
In the second half of the poem, four three-character short sentences are used in succession, which are few in words but rich in meaning and far-reaching. "Coming to 30" means facing beautiful scenery. According to "Shuo Wen Jie Zi", "Fat, fat under the abdomen." Paragraph note: "Lun Heng Chuan Yu" says: Yao Ruola, Shun Ruowan, renegade from the monarch. There is also a saying in Shuo Wen Tong Xun Ding Sheng: "Answer the guest play": "It tastes delicious." Note:' The beauty of Tao is also. To sum up, it only means fullness and beauty, and forms a phrase with "year old". When it refers to the beauty of the years, it refers to the beautiful scenery written on it, so we know that it refers to the beautiful scenery. A "popular" person should be called a maid. Historical Records Biography of General Li: "Dare to have a daughter, be a prince, and love her luck." A person wandering is a person wandering. "Poem Gao Fengjing Girl": "Love without seeing, scratching your head." The above four sentences mean that in the face of great spring, the singer is dancing and full of interest; Fortunately, living in the palace, I can't help scratching my head when I see such a happy scene. The joyful atmosphere is dotted with a little melancholy, which not only makes the feelings in the poem ups and downs, but also reflects some contradictions in court life.
As far as the form of poetry is concerned, as mentioned above, Wu Sheng's western music is basically five words and four sentences, one rhyme to the end; But this poem has changed from a seven-character poem to a miscellaneous poem. In front of it are three seven-character poems, each of which rhymes. Then turn to rhyme, that is, four three sentences. The third seven-character sentence is a single sentence, with a single branch swaying and seemingly unstable. So I immediately linked a three-word "spring dance" with the truth, resisted the previous sentence and led to the following. Four sentences and three sentences, one after another, in one go, the rhythm is gradually accelerated, which seems to be closely coordinated with the dance movements of Hand in Hand. Therefore, Liang Wudi's "reform" of poetry should serve the court dance.
Liang Wudi's seven "Jiangnan Nong" are not simply erotic songs depicting women, but their deep purpose is to praise fairy tales and longevity. The lyrics of Jiangnan Nong embody many characteristics of parts of speech, which is not accidental, but the result of the author's deliberate change in order to adapt to the requirements of a new music form (namely Buddhist songs or old songs). So Jiangnan Nong can be characterized as a word. Jiangnan Nong was born under the background of ritual music in Liang Dynasty. Specifically, this is a music song carefully produced by Liang Wudi to celebrate his birthday on the 12th Lantern Festival in Tian Jian.