Origin of New Metric Poetry: 1923, Hu Shi, Xu Zhimo, Wen Yiduo, Liang Shiqiu, Chen Yuan and others initiated the establishment of Crescent Society, which was originally a club-like organization. * * *, later because of advocating modern metrical treatment, became an influential club in the poetry world. Therefore, the new metrical poetry school gradually formed. Because the new metrical poetry school originated from the crescent society, it is also called the crescent school.
1925, when Wen Yiduo returned to China, Xu Zhimo edited the Morning Post Supplement, and 1926 April/0/day founded the Poetry Journal, which united a large number of new poets of the later "new metrical poetry school". 193 1 year1kloc-0/month Xu zhimo was killed in an air crash. Soon, the magazine Crescent ceased publication and the Crescent Society was dissolved.
Neo-metrical poetry school is a poetry school that has been active for a long time in the history of China's new poetry and has made great achievements in its creation. Neo-metrical poetry school puts forward the aesthetic principle of "rational restraint of emotion", advocates metrical poetry, advocates the beauty of color and artistic conception of poetry, pays attention to the modification of words, and pursues the refinement of words and meanings. Its unique artistic program and systematic theory had a great influence on the development of China's new poetry. Among the poets of New Metric Poetry School, Xu Zhimo is the most representative and outstanding poet.
2. Modern poetry
"Modern poetry" is also called "modern poetry". It is the general name of metrical poems and unique poems formed in the Tang Dynasty, as opposed to classical poems. There are strict rules on the number, number of words, level and rhyme of sentences.
Modern poetry includes quatrains (five words and four sentences, seven words and four sentences), metrical poems (five words and eight sentences, seven words and eight sentences) and metrical poems (more than ten sentences), which are based on metrical poems. The meter of quatrains is half a poem. Parallelism is an extension of metrical poetry. The most basic meter includes: number of words, number of sentences, rhyme and antithesis (antithesis is not required for quatrains), and there are three main points:
1, each sentence should be flush, the two sentences connected together should be flush, and the links should be flush; 2. In addition to the first and second couplets, they must be couplets; 3, a rhyme to the end of the flat rhyme.
Three. Classification of ancient poems
Ancient poetry includes poems and songs.
1. From the form of poetry, it can be divided into (this is a genre):
(1) Ancient poems, including ancient poems (poems before the Tang Dynasty), songs of Chu and Yuefu poems. The poetic style of classical poetry can be divided into Yuefu, Zayan, Siyan, Wuyan and Qiyan. Pay attention to the styles of ancient poetry such as Song, Song Xing, Quotations, Qu and Ling, which also belong to ancient poetry. Classical poetry does not talk about antithesis and rhymes freely. The development track of classical poetry: The Book of Songs → Chu Ci → Han Fu → Han Yuefu → Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties Folk Songs → Jian 'an Poetry → Tao Poetry and other literati five-character poems → Tang Dynasty Ancient Style New Yuefu.
② Modern poetry, including metrical poems and quatrains. Poetry is divided into five-character quatrains, seven-character quatrains, five-character poems and seven-character poems.
③ Ci, also known as Yu Shi, long and short sentences, Qu Zi, Qu Zi, Yuefu, etc. Its characteristics: the tone has a fixed frame, the sentence has a fixed number and the word has a fixed tone. According to different words, it can be divided into long tone (9 1 word or more), middle tone (59-90 words) and short tone (58 words or less). Words can be divided into monosyllabic and disyllabic, and disyllabic is divided into two paragraphs, in which the level and number of words are equal or roughly equal, and monosyllabic is only one paragraph. A paragraph of a word is called a que or an article, the first paragraph is called Qianque, Shangque and Shangpian, and the second paragraph is called Houque, Xiaque and Xiapian.
④ Qu, also known as Yuefu. Yuanqu includes Sanqu and Zaju. Sanqu rose in the Jin Dynasty and flourished in the Yuan Dynasty, and its style was similar to that of Ci. Features: the number of words can be added with interlining, and more oral English is used. Sanqu includes poems and songs. The number of songs is a coherent set of songs, ranging from two to dozens. Each group number takes the song of the first song as the name of the whole set of songs, and the whole set of songs must be in the same palace tune. It has no guests, but only oratorios.
⑤ New Poetry (or Vernacular Poetry)
2. From the theme of poetry can be divided into:
Lyrics about scenery, lyrics about scenic spots and natural scenery. Because of their dissatisfaction with reality, some ancient poets often attached their feelings to mountains and rivers, and expressed their thoughts and feelings by describing the scenery of rivers and lakes and natural scenery. This kind of poetry often contains the feelings expressed by the scenery described later, which is what people often say. Its style is fresh and natural.
(2) Poetry is expressed by chanting things, in which the poet describes the shape, characteristics, charm and personality of chanting things, so as to entrust the poet's own feelings and express the poet's spirit, quality or ideal.
(3) I feel nostalgic about poetry, because one thing causes the poet's feelings, such as homesickness, homesickness and friends.
(4) Memorizing the past and chanting epic poems, taking historical allusions as the theme, or expressing their opinions, or satirizing the present through the past, or expressing vicissitudes of life.
⑤ Poems describing frontier battles, describing frontier scenery and the military life of frontier soldiers, or expressing optimism and heroism or homesickness, with tragic style and bold brushwork.
Classification table of poems
Ancient poetry
┌ Ancient Poetry ┤ (Ancient Poetry) ┌ Shi Jue (four sentences)
│ (Old Poetry) └ Modern Poetry ┌ Regular Poetry (Eight Sentences)
Poetry ┤ (Classical Poetry) └ Conventional Poetry ┤
│└ Exclusion method (more than ten sentences)
new verse
(Modern Poetry)
Comparison table of poetry types
Classical Poetry Modern Poetry (Unique Poetry) Modern Poetry (Conventional Poetry) New Poetry
The epidemic years ranged from ancient times to the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and from the Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty (19 19-).
There is no requirement for rhyme, but even sentences tend to rhyme at the end. The last words of even-numbered sentences are leveled with the same vowel, and the words used in rhyme feet cannot be repeated. Singular sentences can't rhyme, except the first sentence. no requirement
There is no requirement of duality. It is not required to be dual except for the head and tail. no requirement
It is not required to have a flat spectrum and a flat spectrum. No matter135,246 is clear. no requirement
Use Chinese classical style (vernacular)
The grammatical unit is a sentence, and every sentence is a word. Taking behavior as the unit, each line is taking words as the unit.
Paragraphs are usually not segmented, and they may or may not be segmented.
There is no requirement for the number of first sentences. See "Classification Table" above. No requirements.
The number of words in each sentence is miscellaneous, but there is a trend of five words. Five words and seven words are not necessary.
Punctuation before the late Qing Dynasty, there was no complete punctuation system. No requirement (but the correct use of punctuation is emphasized)
For example, Yan Shi, Mulan Ci, Silent Night Thinking, Autumn Night in the Deep Mountains, Song of Eternal Sorrow and Pipa Xing can be found in the lecture notes of each new poem.