The genre of "Tian Jing Sha·Qiu Si" is Sanqu. Belongs to Xiao Ling. Sanqu is also called "Yuefu" or "Jinyuefu". Derived from the vulgarization of Song lyrics, it is Hele lyrics written to match the popular music tunes in the north at that time. It is a kind of Chinese music literature that originated from the new folk sounds. It is a new style of poetry that was highly appreciated by both refined and popular people at that time.
Original text:
Tianjingsha·Autumn
Yuan Dynasty: Bai Pu
The setting sun in the isolated village, the old trees in the light smoke Jackdaw, under the shadow of a little Feihong. Green mountains and green waters, white grass, red leaves and yellow flowers.
Translation:
The sun gradually sets in the west, already holding the Western Mountains in its mouth, and the sunset on the horizon gradually begins to dissipate, leaving only a few dim colors, reflecting the quiet scenery in the distance. How lonely the village is.
Light smoke floated faintly into the air, a few crows were perched on the rickety old trees, and a wild goose flew down in the distance and crossed the sky. In the distance, there are green mountains and green water, white grass, red leaves, and yellow flowers mixed with each other. What a colorful autumn scene.
Extended information:
Creative background:
There are four poems in Bai Pu's "Tian Jing Sha". This is the third poem, mainly about autumn scenery. It was written when the author lived in Jinling (today's Nanjing) after the death of the Song Dynasty. The specific date of creation is unknown.
Appreciation:
In ancient Chinese poetry, there are many works about autumn scenery, most of which depict an extremely bleak atmosphere. But this song is uncharacteristically different. Even in the bleak atmosphere, it gives readers a beautiful and harmonious feeling.
The poet first wrote: "The sunset glows in the isolated village, and the old trees are covered with light smoke and jackdaws." This means that as the sun gradually sets in the west, the sunset glow on the horizon gradually begins to dissipate, leaving only a few dim colors. The colors reflect a quiet and lonely village in the distance.
The smoke from the cooking pots floated lightly, and a few crows who were about to return to the forest in the cold weather were perched on the old trees. Here, in order to create the scene of autumn evening, the poet used several images such as "lonely village", "setting sun", "remnant clouds", "light smoke", "old tree", "jackdaw" and so on.
It depicts the bleak scene of autumn and also shows the low light of autumn sunset. Then he wrote: "Under the shadow of a little flying bird." It means that suddenly, a wild goose in the distance crossed the sky and flew down.
"Feihong" is the wild goose. In ancient culture, "wild geese" are messengers, often expressing the poet's homesickness. Here the poet uses this to hint at his feelings of missing his hometown.
This sentence is a touch of color that appeared in the previous bleak atmosphere. It not only made the static scenery move and broke the lifeless scene, but also paved the way for the subsequent description of the poet's happy mood.
The poet finally wrote: "Green mountains and green waters, white grass, red leaves and yellow flowers." This means that looking from a distance along "under the shadow of a little flying red", in the beautiful mountains and clear waters, there are frost-white grass, The fiery red maple leaves and golden flowers sway in the wind.
Here, the poet chose the images of "green mountains", "green water", "white grass", "red leaves" and "yellow flowers" to form a very beautiful picture, which is consistent with the "sunset in an isolated village" The bleak atmosphere of "the lingering clouds, light smoke and old trees and jackdaws" forms a sharp contrast.
"All scene language is love language." This contains the poet's unique joyful emotion, which is not all the desolate feeling of "a heartbroken man at the end of the world". From an artistic point of view, first of all, the use of color words.
In these sentences, the poet used color words to modify several objects, depicting a colorful autumn landscape, showing the beauty of harmony.
Secondly, the change of sight. The poet's sight from far to near not only expands time and space, enhances the aesthetic realm of the composition, but also transforms the bleak picture into a gorgeous beauty. The lonely autumn scenery is also full of endless vitality, thus expressing the poet's joy state of mind.