Appreciation 1
In this poem, Cao Zhi depicts the image of a young ranger with superb martial arts, eager to serve the country and even willing to sacrifice his life, so as to express his passion for serving the country. The style of poetry is bold, the atmosphere is warm and the language is exquisite, which can be called both emotional appeal and victory.
at the beginning of the poem, the picture of "Lianpian galloping northwest" vividly conveys a spirit of going forward. Next, a long passage about "You Jing You Xia Er" is extremely vivid, describing his dashing and superb martial arts, and there is a stirring and sonorous emotion between pen and ink. This extraordinary white horse boy "drives the Huns, leaving Gu Ling to be humble", which is full of heroic spirit.
The poet not only wrote the heroic behavior of the white horse boy with passionate style, but also revealed the patriotic spirit of the characters with exquisite language. The last few words of the poem tell the ideological background and heroic feelings of the white horse boy, with a sad and strong voice and a deep and far-reaching tone, which has the lingering charm of Yi Shui's sad song. Poetry uses flashback and supplementary narration. The poem started abruptly with "White Horse adorned with gold, flying in the northwest", and supplemented the reason of "flying in the northwest" with 12 sentences of "Who is my son?" Then he flashbacks the feelings of "making up a strong man's name" and bidding farewell to his family; Finally, the scene of riding a horse to "go to the national disaster" coincides with the opening. This kind of composition, like the "flashback" in the movie, gradually deepens the image of the white horse hero, and the theme of worrying about the country and going home and giving one's life to help the poor is clearly and prominently manifested.
Appreciation II
Cao Zhi's Yuefu poem can be divided into four sections to understand its content. The first section, from the beginning to "Wandering Rangers", outlines the hero's handsome and heroic spirit; The second section, from "going to the countryside when I was young" to "being brave as a leopard", supplements the origin of the ranger and his superior martial arts; In the third section, from "the border town is full of police and urgency" to "Zuo Gu Ling Xian Bei", I wrote the heroic deeds of the ranger who took the lead and bravely killed the enemy on the battlefield; The fourth section, from "abandoning the front edge" to the end, writes the lofty ideological realm of the ranger who gave up his life to serve the country and died. The whole poem creates a ranger image with strong martial arts and full of patriotic feelings.
The work uses the elaborate brushwork. This is the outstanding artistic feature of Yuefu poetry. For example, the poem describes the martial arts of the ranger: "If the string is controlled to break the left, the right hair will destroy the moon branch. Raise your hand and pick up the fly, and bend over to spread the horseshoe. " "Left", "Moon Branch" and "Horseshoe" are all targets for practicing archery. By writing in this way, the author shows his high archery skills from different directions: left, right, up and down. Another example is to write about his meritorious military service: "Feathers come from the north and climb the embankment with great speed." Long-legged Huns, Zuo Gu Ling Xianbei. " "Feather Bang" is an order, and he immediately threw himself into a bloody battle. He put down the border chaos and kept the security around him. This kind of elaborate writing, the meaning of the first sentence and the second sentence correspond to each other, which renders the atmosphere and leaves a distinct and profound impression on the readers.
this kind of elaborate writing also shows the author's sincere admiration for the ranger. For example, in the fourth quarter, the author repeatedly used four sentences with roughly the same meaning, praising the noble ideology and morality of the ranger who gave up his life to serve the country and died, which shows his deep admiration. In fact, Cao Zhi's writing in this way is also to express his feelings through poetry and to express his heroic feelings of making contributions to the country by writing about the ranger. (Zhou Ying)
Appreciation of Three
Simple and Strange Paintings with Hearts
—— Appreciation of White Horse Pieces by Cao Zhi
This article is in the form of miscellaneous songs and Qi Se Xing written by Han Yuefu, with the title of the first two characters.
from Jian' an, Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty, to the early years of Huang Dynasty in Wei Wendi? 196-226 is a golden age in the history of China's poetry. Thanks to the advocacy of Cao Shi and his son, the realistic spirit of "feeling sorrow and happiness, arising from events" in the poems of Yuefu in Han Dynasty has been inherited and carried forward. A group of poets who have been separated from each other, witnessed hardships and are willing to face up to reality, not only put the social truth into the bottom of the pen, but also injected their true feelings. During this period, the most valuable literary works, except those that reflect the war and people's suffering, are the chapters that express the ideal and ambition to make contributions to the country. The representative works in this respect are Cao Cao's Gui Although Shou and Cao Zhi's White Horse Piece. If Guithough Shou is a "song of a strong man" by a "veteran of the secluded Yan", then White Horse is an "ideal song" by a heroic teenager. The poem portrays the image of a white horse hero who is skilled in martial arts and loyal to serving the country.
Cao zhi? 192-232, Zi Zijian, the third son of Cao Cao. Born in troubled times, he fought with his father in all directions since childhood. "The Antarctic is bare, facing the sea in the east, looking at Yumen in the west, and leaving Xuansai in the north." Since the separatist regime in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, devoting oneself to national unity and social stability has always been the strongest voice of the times. This call of the times, coupled with the edification of Cao Cao's lofty aspirations of "being a martyr in his twilight years", cultivated Cao Zhi's ideal of "devoting himself to the country and benefiting the people", and cast a heroic image in his heart with both patriotic virtues and patriotic talents. Yuan Haowen, a writer in the Jin Dynasty, said that a true poem should be a poet's "heart painting". It can be said that "White Horse Piece" is Cao Zhi's "heart painting and heartfelt wishes", which entrusted the poet's desire and vision for making contributions to the country.
There are ***28 sentences in the whole poem. We might as well divide it into four layers to understand.
the first two sentences are the first layer. "White horse decorated with gold, even flying northwest", white horse decorated with golden halter, flew straight to the northwest. The first sentence does not write about people, but people are in it. What is used here is the technique of metonymy and contrast, which refers to people with horses, and sets off people's valor with horses. White horse, in the eyes of the ancients, not only has the ability to fight and be good at fighting, but also symbolizes firmness, loyalty, dedication and sacrifice. Cao Zhi, who was born in chaos and grew up in the army, is "determined to serve himself in the Ming Dynasty and make contributions to the world", and it is fitting to refer to his ideal young hero as a white horse. "Flying in the northwest" shows the urgency of military affairs and creates a rich atmosphere of war.
the following 12 sentences, "whose family is it?", are the second floor. As mentioned above, at the beginning of the poem, it was written that the military situation was urgent, but then the question and answer of "Who is my son, and I am a ranger" was put off, and the description of the white horse hero was inserted slowly, resulting in a relaxation in the rhythm of the poem. Youhe, which refers to Youzhou and Bingzhou, is the hometown of Yan and Zhao. Since ancient times, there have been "many generous and sad people". The poem says that this white horse hero is a "wandering chivalrous man" to see that his foundation is not shallow. The ancients had a poem "Don't laugh when you are drunk in the sand, but you have fought for several times since ancient times". This white horse hero who "went to the countryside when he was young" was able to make his name on the frontier after a long battle. Why is this so? Then the poet described the hero's superb martial arts with a passionate brush stroke:
If you hold a good bow in the past, how can the wood suffer? If the string is controlled to break the left, the right hair will destroy the moon branch.
raise your hand to catch the fly, and bend over to spread the horseshoe. Clever than monkeys and apes, brave as a leopard.
"Hold a good bow in the past" means that he never leaves his bow and arrow in the morning and evening. "How uneven is the wood's bitter arrow" is to describe the endless stream of arrows that he shot and galloped in succession. These two sentences are written about his long-term unremitting practice of riding and shooting skills, which shows that his profound martial arts can not be achieved overnight. Next, I will write about his excellent riding and shooting skills: opening the bow left and right, shooting up and down, moving or static, and the arrow is not empty. Agility is better than apes, and bravery is like tigers and leopards and dragons. With highly concise pen and ink and elaborate description, the poet vividly and intensively explained the extraordinary origin and outstanding skills of this hero. This not only answers the question of who this white horse hero is and why he can "raise his voice in the desert", but also lays a solid foundation for writing his heroic deeds below.
The following six sentences "How urgent the border town is" are the third floor. Structurally speaking, this is the beginning of "Lianpian Northwest Chi", which is not only the reason for "Northwest Chi", but also the continuation of "Northwest Chi". In terms of content, this is to shape the characters in a harsh war environment. "Border town more alert, lu ride number migration. "Feathers came from the north, and they climbed the embankment at once." Border towns have repeatedly reported to the police for emergency, and enemy cavalry frequently violated the border. The urgent proclamation with feathers came from the north, and the white horse hero immediately urged his horse to board the fortifications. It took only four sentences and 2 words to write the chivalrous courage and bravery that heroes are anxious for the country. At the critical juncture of the frontier fortress, he immediately went to the front line without hesitation under the command of the state. The sentence "Long March to the Xiongnu, Zuo Gu Ling Xianbei" is a positive description of the hero's bravery. The words "dance" and "ling" strongly show his heroic spirit of overwhelming the enemy without being overwhelmed by the enemy. Structurally speaking, these two sentences are transitional sentences connecting the past with the future, which are not only the natural conclusion of the description in the previous paragraph, but also the introduction to the following discussion.
how can you live if you give up your life? Parents don't care, how can they say anything about their children and their wives?
a famous man is a strong man, and he must not be selfish. Give one's life to the national disaster, and suddenly feel like death.
this is the last floor. That is to say, if you devote yourself to the battlefield of blade and blade, how can you not care about life and death? Where can I care about my parents, wife and children? Now that you have been included in the list of strong men and joined the ranks of the army, you can't have any selfish thoughts in your heart. You should be ready to die for your country at any time, and you should die as if you were dead. This is not only the monologue of the hero in the poem, but also the poet's revelation and praise of the hero's lofty spiritual world. As far as general narrative poetry is concerned, it is enough to clearly express the story of the protagonist in the poem, and there is no need to discuss it again. As far as this poem is concerned, this argument is essential. Reading the whole poem, we can easily feel that the passion in the poet's heart is rising step by step in the layers of description, and in the end it is surging, and "emotion moves in the middle and is in the form of words", so we have to get rid of it quickly. This is the natural expression of the poet's heart. It is precisely because of this that we not only have no vague feeling when reading, but also feel that every sentence is true and shocking.
Cao Zhi said in the Book with Yang Dezu: "Talk about the streets and lanes, and it will be adopted; "The song of striking the iron shaft is elegant." This shows that he values folk songs very much. "White Horse Piece" is inseparable from the simplicity of "talking about lanes in the street" and "singing the song of hitting the iron shaft", and its literary color is brilliant, thus forming a vigorous and simple artistic style. Fang Dongshu, a Qing dynasty, commented on Cao Zhi's poem, saying, "This poem is very alarming", and said that this article "actually produced Qu Zi's Nine Songs of National Mourning". That's right. This poem is not only relaxed in rhythm, but also full of ups and downs, which is alarming. The language also has the characteristics of alarming. For example, the word "uneven" of "how uneven the wood is" was originally an ordinary word, which meant uneven length. However, when it is used here, it is quite unusual, and the general word is bright. It is used to describe the arrows that are shot out galloping in an endless stream, which is nothing more vivid than it. I am afraid it is difficult to find a more appropriate one. The so-called "The Nine Songs of National Mourning by Qu Zi" refers to the hero's spirit of "dying to the national disaster, and dying suddenly" praised at the end of the article, which is in the same strain as the patriotic spirit of "the soul is a ghost hero" praised by Qu Yuan at the end of the article of National Mourning, and is a generous tribute to patriotic heroes.
Bai Juyi, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, said: "Poets are rooted in feelings, Miao words, Hua Sheng and real meaning", which means that poetry is based on feelings, language is the seedling, sound is the flower and thought is the fruit. Cao Zhi has devoted his lofty ideals and passion to the characters in his works, and he can draw ideological and artistic nutrition from the excellent works and folk songs of his predecessors, so he has created the enduring artistic image of "White Horse Hero".