Around 10, Li Shangyin's father died in the shogunate of Zhejiang, and he returned to his hometown in Henan with his mother and younger siblings, living in poverty and relying on relatives for help. At home, Li Shangyin is the eldest son, so he also bears the responsibility of supporting the portal. Later, he mentioned in his article that he was a "bookseller" when he was young, that is, copying books for others to earn money to supplement his family. Li Shangyin's poor life in his early years had a great influence on the formation of his character and thoughts. On the one hand, he longed for an early Li Shangyin.
Be an official and honor your ancestors with honor. As a matter of fact, he did try to shoulder the responsibilities of the family. As an adult, Li Shangyin used the time of his mother's death to move the coffins of relatives buried in various places to Xingyang. Chen Yizhen [4] thinks that this is not only dominated by male chauvinism, but also because of loneliness and poverty since childhood, so he pays more attention to the love of flesh and blood. On the other hand, his early experience made him develop a melancholy, sensitive and lofty character, which was not only reflected in his poems, but also in his tortuous life. Li Shangyin's enlightenment education probably came from his father, and the teacher who had the greatest influence on him was his uncle who was the same clan after he returned to his hometown. The uncle went to imperial academy, but he never became an official and lived in seclusion. According to Li Shangyin's memory, this uncle was very accomplished in Confucian classics, primary school, ancient prose and calligraphy, and was highly valued by Li Shangyin. Influenced by him, Li Shangyin "can write ancient prose, but he doesn't like accidentally". At about the age of 16, he wrote two excellent articles (the theory of genius and the theory of holiness, which no longer exist), and won the appreciation of some scholars. Among these scholars, Tian Pingjun was the envoy of Linghu Chu. Linghu Chu is another important figure in Li Shangyin's study career. He is an expert in parallel prose and appreciates Li Shangyin's talent very much. Not only taught him the writing skills of parallel prose, but also subsidized his family life and encouraged him to make friends with his children. With the help of Ling Huchu, Li Shangyin's parallel prose writing has made rapid progress, from which he gained great confidence, hoping to develop his career with this ability. During this period (in the fourth year of Daiwa, AD 830), Li Shangyin's gratitude and self-satisfaction to Ling Huchu were beyond words: "There was never the slightest kindness, so I gave Long Tao an empty pen and inkstone. Since I deliver books in the middle of the night, I don't envy Wang Xiang for having a sword. "
The method of editing this paragraph
In the Tang Dynasty, intellectuals who lacked family background all wanted to develop in their official career. There are two main entrances: imperial examination and the portrait of shogunate Li Shangyin.
. The former is considered as the qualification to enter the officialdom and the official recognition of its administrative ability; The latter is a political team cultivated by some powerful bureaucrats themselves. If they perform well, they can often become official officials of the court through the recommendation of these bureaucrats. In the middle and late Tang Dynasty, many officials not only had the qualification to take the imperial examination, but also had the experience of being aides. In the second year of Wenzong (837), Li Shangyin passed the qualification of Jinshi. He has failed many times before this. It is difficult to verify the year when Li Shangyin first applied for the World Heritage. Some people think that even before 10, that is, in the second year of Emperor Wenzong Taihe (828), Li Shangyin began his long and arduous road of applying for the World Heritage [5]. Like most candidates who lack power background, Li Shangyin does not expect to succeed in one fell swoop. There is no mention of this situation in his poems handed down at present, which shows that he is not very concerned about the failure of the first test. But as the number of failures increased, he gradually became dissatisfied. In the poem "Seeing Weng Dongchuan off to the curtain of Hongnong Shangshu", he compared the examiner who didn't accept him (the seventh year of Taihe) to a villain who hindered his success: "The birds don't cherish each other." The failure of English drama will not make Li Shangyin reflect on his lack of knowledge. As early as four years in Taihe, Ling Hu Mao, who had studied with him, was admitted to Jinshi. This is obviously not because Hu Ling Mao's academic talent is better than Li Shangyin's, but because of his father's influence. Powerful people helped each other and recruited a large number of candidates from the upper-level network, which was a common phenomenon in the imperial examination in the Tang Dynasty. Many candidates who lack backers will deliberately make friends before the exam, or try to attract the attention of examiners and celebrities. According to Li Shangyin's account, he is relatively low-key in this respect (with Tao Jinshi), but it is unlikely that he has never placed hope on Ling Huchu. It can be seen from Li Shangyin's letter to Hu Ling Mao in the first year of Kaesong that his mood has been quite excited. His two-year bid was the result of the influence of Hu Ling and his son on the examiner on duty. [6]
Edit this paragraph and enter the official career.
At the end of the year (837, the second year of Li Shangyin's senior high school entrance examination), Ling Huchu died of illness. Shortly after attending Linghu Chu's funeral, Li Shangyin went to Jingzhou (now the northern part of Jingxian County, Gansu Province) to be Wang's attendant at the invitation of Wang Maoyuan, our ambassador to Jingyuan. Wang Maoyuan admired Li Shangyin's talent so much that he even married his daughter. From Li Shangyin's later experience, it can be seen that this marriage dragged him into the political whirlpool of the struggle between Niu and Li. Li Shangyin's embarrassing situation lies in: Wang Maoyuan made good friends with Li Deyu and was regarded as a member of the "Li Party"; Linghu Chu and his son belong to the "Niu Party". Therefore, his behavior can easily be interpreted as betraying his teacher and benefactor who just died. Li Shangyin soon paid the price for it. [7][8] In the Tang Dynasty, it was generally not immediately granted an official position to obtain the qualification of Jinshi, and it was necessary to pass the examination held by the official department. In the spring of the third year of Kaicheng (838), Li Shangyin took the official-granting exam and was exempted from the exam. The most direct impact of this incident on Li Shangyin was that he delayed his official position in the imperial court for one year. However, he did not regret marrying Wang Yanyan, the daughter of Wang Maoyuan. They have a good relationship after marriage. In Li Shangyin's eyes, Wang is a beautiful, gentle and understanding wife. In the fourth year (839), Li Shangyin took the official-granting exam again, passed it successfully, and got the position of secretary-provincial proofreader. This is a low-level official position, but it has certain development opportunities. Not long after, he was transferred to the county commandant of Hongnong (now Lingbao, Henan Province). Although the rank of county commandant is similar to that of school bookkeeper, staying away from the power center will obviously affect the future development. During Li Shangyin's tenure at Hongnong, it was not very smooth. Because he commuted the death sentence ("live prison"), he was criticized by Sambi's boss, Sun Jian. Sun Jian probably treated Li Shangyin with some kind of unkind attitude, which made him feel humiliated and unbearable. Finally, he resigned in the form of taking a long vacation (Ren Hongnong and Wei asked for leave to return to Beijing). Coincidentally, Sun Jian has just been transferred to other places, and Yao He, who took over, managed to ease the tension. With his encouragement, Li Shangyin managed to stay. But he was obviously not in the mood to continue working at the moment. Soon (five years later, in 839), he resigned again and was approved.
Edit this idle time.
After Li Shangyin resigned from Hongnong County, after a period of adjustment, he finally returned to the secretary province in the second year of Wuzong Huichang (842). This time, his position ("orthography") is lower than that of three years ago ("primary school students"). Even so, Li Shangyin has a new starting point for development. In the Tang Dynasty, it was generally believed that a position in Beijing would have more promotion opportunities than an expatriate official, and Li Shangyin's secretary province was more likely to attract high-level attention. Another piece of good news for Li Shangyin is that Li Deyu, the prime minister, has won the full trust of Wu Zong, and this capable politician is almost granted full authority to handle state affairs. Li Shangyin actively supported Li Deyu's political ideas. He is ambitious and has reason to expect the opportunity to be reused. However, fate seems to have played a big joke on him: Li Shangyin rejoined the secretary less than a year ago, and his mother died. He must, as usual, leave his job and go home to be filial for three years. This means that Li Shangyin, who is 30 years old, has to give up his best chance to become a power class. The accident dealt a fatal blow to Li Shangyin's political career. He lived at home for three years (from the end of Huichang II to the end of Huichang IV), which was the most glorious period of Li Deyu's administration. Miss this period, with the death of Wu Zong soon, Li Deyu political group suddenly lost power and influence, Li Shangyin has also been difficult to find a political bosom friend. In the third year of Huichang (843), Wang Maoyuan, Li Shangyin's father-in-law, died while fighting against the rebellion in the buffer region on behalf of the imperial court. Wang Maoyuan did not use his influence to help Li Shangyin get promoted before his death, but his death undoubtedly made Li Shangyin's situation even more difficult. In his idle years, Li Shangyin handled some family affairs, the most important of which was to move the graves of some relatives to the family cemetery in his hometown. This effort to maintain family honor has somewhat satisfied him psychologically. It can be seen from some existing poems that Li Shangyin tried his best to adjust his mentality and downplay his interest and expectation in political career. He sometimes engaged in farm work, claiming to be "eager to be a farmer" and imitating Tao Yuanming's style to write pastoral poems. But the chaotic situation has always attracted Li Shangyin's attention. He has a very distinct political tendency, which is almost impossible to hide.
Edit this passage from the shogunate trip
In October of the fifth year of Huichang (845), Li Shangyin ended his filial piety and returned to the secretary province. At this time, the efficient cooperative relationship between Wu Zong and Prime Minister Li Deyu has reached the later stage. In March of the following year, Wu Zong died. It is said that he was poisoned by taking the elixir of life provided by Taoist priests for a long time. After a series of court struggles, Xuanzong Li Chen ascended the throne. He opposed most of Wu Zong's policies, especially Li Deyu. Therefore, almost the whole six years of Huichang (846) continued a new round of political cleansing, and the once powerful Prime Minister Li Deyu and his supporters were quickly pushed out of the power center. With the support of Xuanzong himself, the new forces of Niudang led by Bai Minzhong gradually occupied an important position in the government. This year, Li Shangyin was appointed as Masako of the Secretary Province. 35-year-old Li Shangyin finally had a son (Li Gungun), and his cousin Li Xisao also became a scholar in this year. These two good news can only excite him for a while. Because he supported Li Deyu's platform, he was regarded as a betrayal by Ling Hu-mao and others, and was unlikely to share the victory of the Niudang. Although his status is so low that he can hardly be excluded from the power struggle, you can still imagine his depressed mood. Therefore, when Zheng Ya was invited to work in Guilin by Gui Guan in the first year of Dazhong (847), he hardly hesitated. [8] Starting from the third year of Taihe (829), Li Shangyin was employed by the military commander Ling Huchu, and entered the local official operation organization for many times as an aide. In fact, his experience as a staff member is longer than his official service in the court. But before the first year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (847), he always seemed to regard this experience as a transition. For Li Shangyin with political ambition, this kind of experience is very important, which is not only the process of his working ability, but also the way to accumulate social relations. However, after all, it is only an activity to prepare for the future. From the time point of view, almost every previous work experience changes frequently within a few months, and once you have the opportunity to enter the DPRK as an official, you will immediately resign from the post of shogunate. This time, when Li Shangyin went to Guilin as Zheng Ya's aide, he probably didn't realize that his career was coming to an end. In the next 10 years, he will gradually exhaust all his political enthusiasm during his travels in the shogunate. In March of the first year of Dazhong, Li Shangyin bid farewell to his family and set off with Zheng Ya. After a journey of about two months, he came to the south about 5000 miles from Beijing. Zheng Ya's southward migration is part of the Niudang cleaning plan. Li Shangyin is willing to take the initiative to follow a disgraced official, which shows that he sympathizes with Li Deyu. On the other hand, it also shows that they no longer have confidence in their promotion. Less than a year in Guilin, Zheng Ya was once again demoted to the state secretariat, and Li Shangyin also lost his job. In the autumn of Dazhong two years, I returned to the capital Chang 'an. It is said that when he was down and out, he wrote to his old friend Hu Ling Suo (he has entered the core of power) asking for help, but he was rejected. As a result, he can only get a small position as a county magistrate through the self-study exam. Ironically, 10 years ago, he happened to be a considerable position (Hongnong County Commandant). Li Shangyin was a captain for a short time and was transferred back to Beijing. At this time, it is very similar to his situation in the secretary province in the first year of Dazhong: humble official position, bleak future, loneliness and expectation of change. In September of the third year of Dazhong, Li Shangyin was invited by Lu Hongzhi, the ambassador of Wuning Army, to work in Xuzhou. Lu Hongzhi is a capable official, and he also appreciates Li Shangyin. If the official career goes well, Li Shangyin may have one last chance. Unfortunately, however, Li Shangyin followed Lu Hongzhi for just over a year, and the latter died in the spring of five years. In this way, Li Shangyin had to find another way to make a living.
Edit this sunset scene
Another major blow that Li Shangyin experienced during his five years in college and middle school was the death of his wife Wang at the turn of spring and summer. Judging from Li Shangyin's poems, he has a very good relationship with Wang. This woman from a wealthy family has been taking care of her family and supporting her husband for many years. Because Li Shangyin traveled abroad for many years, the husband and wife spent a long time together. It is conceivable that Li Shangyin has a guilty heart for his wife. The ups and downs of his official career undoubtedly enhanced this sense of guilt. The great changes in the family did not give Li Shangyin a long time to experience the pain. In the autumn of this year, Liu Zhongying, who was appointed as China's ambassador to Xichuan, sent an invitation to Li Shangyin, hoping that he could go to Sichuan in the southwest border with him. Li Shangyin accepted the position of joining the army. After simply arranging things at home, 1 1 month went to work in Sichuan. He lived in Sichuan Zizhou shogunate for four years and was unhappy most of the time. He once had a great interest in Buddhism, associating with local monks, donating money to print Buddhist scriptures, and even thinking about becoming a monk. Li Shangyin's life is the most dull and stable period in his official career, and he is no longer unwilling to pursue the success of his official career. In 1999, Liu Zhongying was transferred back to Beijing. Out of concern, he arranged a promotion position for Li Shangyin. Although the grade is low, the treatment is rich. Li Shangyin worked in this position for two or three years, and then returned to his hometown to live in seclusion. In the autumn and winter of the thirteenth year of Dazhong, Li Shangyin died of illness in his hometown.