1. Understand poetry by focusing on the poet's life and thoughts? Sad and heartless? The lyric characteristics of.
2. Compare the thoughts and feelings expressed in two relegated poems.
3. Grasp the overall characteristics of relegated poems.
Emphasis and difficulty in teaching
Do you understand this poem? Sad and heartless? The lyric characteristics of.
Teaching time
1 class hour
First, import
In the feudal era, intellectuals took the rule of the country and the world as the highest realization of their life value, learned written martial arts, tasted the imperial family, became an official, and devoted themselves to official business. However, there was an emergency in the sea of officials, loyalty and righteousness were demoted, and many people were moved. Many people have been exiled to remote places, but also experienced prison. Qu Yuan, Bai Juyi and Liu Yuxi all had such bitter and tragic experiences. Han Yu also failed to escape. What do you know about Han Yu?
Second, the author introduces.
Han Yu (768-824) was a writer and philosopher in the Tang Dynasty. Return the word. People from Henan Province (now Meng County, Henan Province). The county looks at Changli, and the world is called Han Changli. In his later years, he served as assistant minister of the official department, also known as the Korean official department. Posthumous title? Words? , also known as Han Wengong. He was lonely at the age of three, raised by his brother and sister-in-law, and was displaced in his early years, aiming at studying and studying the world. In the 14th year of Yuanhe (8 19), Xian Zong welcomed the Buddha's bones into Da-nei and remonstrated with them, so he was demoted as the secretariat of Chaozhou. Soon, he returned to North Korea and served as an official, son of the country and assistant minister of the official department. After Han Yu died in Chang 'an, he advocated strengthening political reunification and opposed the separatist regime in the buffer regions.
Ideologically, he respected Confucianism and suppressed Buddhism, calling himself a descendant of Confucius and Mencius. He opposed the formalistic parallel prose since the Six Dynasties, vigorously advocated ancient prose, and led the ancient prose movement in the middle Tang Dynasty together with Liu Zongyuan. Han Yu was a famous essayist in Tang Dynasty. Su Shi called him? The decline of Wen Qi's eight generations? ,? Such as the Yangtze River, muddleheaded cycle? (Su Xun's book Ouyang Connotation). what's up Han Chao Su Hai? Known as.
Han Yu's poems also have original achievements and have always been called "Everyone". Its artistic characteristics are mainly manifested in strangeness, grandeur and strangeness. Han Yu's method of writing poetry is \ "taking prose as poetry \".
Chaozhou Hanwen Temple Column Trade Union:
? Open a thousand words, Xue Hanbi. Since then, the wind of Confucianism has opened the sea; Haitao: The mountainous area near the sea refers to the Lingnan area. )
It didn't officially arrive until August, and now the crocodiles in Chaoping are all over Yingzhou. (Chaozhou was called Yingzhou in ancient times)
(Han Yu has been in the tide for more than seven months, but his influence has been more than 1000 years. It may be unfortunate for Han Yu, but it is lucky for chaozhou people. Looking back on the Millennium, the imprint left by this cultural giant in Chaozhou is still clear and profound: traveling eight thousand miles south, Jiangshan wins the reputation of Han. ? For example, Hanjiang, Hanshan, Crocodile Sacrificial Platform, Hanci Oak, Crocodile Crossing Autumn Wind, Changli Old Governance, Changli Primary School, etc. They all tell the admiration of Han Yu by hipsters from ancient times to the present. More importantly, the Han Wengong Temple, built at the foot of Bijia Mountain on the east bank of the Han River in the Song Dynasty, is the oldest and best-preserved Han Yu Temple in China. )
Briefly describe the poet's experience and the background of this poem.
Third, the beginning of poetry, the overall perception
First, listen to the reading, and then read after it. After dredging the poem, students can read it again and feel the emotion.
(An article "The Buddha's Bone Table" played the emperor in the morning and was banished to Chaozhou, 8,000 miles away in the evening.
Originally, I wanted to remove things harmful to society for the emperor. How can I care about my declining years?
Clouds cross the Qinling Mountains. Where is my home? It's snowing, and even my horse won't go forward.
Knowing that you have come a long way to see me off, you are going to clean up my bones in the miasma of the south! )
The ancients used poems to pour out their hearts. How do you feel about the author? (sad)
Ji Yun, Chao, thought "move to Languan to the left to show his grandnephew's item"? Language is extremely sad, but it does not fade? .
Fourth, study the text.
1、? Everything is emotional? Please find out the sentences that describe the scenery.
? Where is the home of Yunheng Qinling? The heavy snow hindered the horse's progress. ?
2. What kind of picture does the poet paint for us? (Students imagine depicting)
3. What are the characteristics of this picture? How do you know that?
? Horizontal? The breadth of words? Hug? The word is high, the word is extremely powerful, the realm is vast, and the weather is boundless, which is greatly appreciated by people.
4、? Everything is emotional? What does the poet want to tell us here? (Understand what thoughts and feelings are expressed in sentences and dialogues respectively)
? Qinling? Refers to Zhong Nanshan. Yundu does not see his hometown or Chang 'an:? A cloud rose between the light of heaven and me, hiding his city from my melancholy heart? Li Bai's poem, what's more, the son of heaven is here? No.9 middle school? Above, how to be merciful? The heavy mountains surrounded by clouds symbolize the heavy barriers with the hometown and the king. At this time, he not only cares about his family, but also worries about state affairs. Han Yu wrote in the book Crying Woman:? Demote Chaozhou secretariat for sin; Later, my family was exiled, my daughter died, and the burial building was at the foot of the mountain next to Fenggang. ? We can see his mood when he left his wife and children in a hurry that day. Han Yu paid a painful price for the above table. Where is home? In three words, there are his blood and tears.
The sixth sentence is both true and false. It is true that snow is in the way and it is difficult for a horse to move forward. The poet's feelings of nostalgia for Chang 'an and reluctance to leave are false. ? The horse stopped moving? Use the ancient Yuefu? Drive the horse into the shady mountain, the mountain is high and the horse is not moving forward? Meaning. ? The horse stopped moving? In fact, people are holding back because the author's mind is too heavy. The poet felt that the future was difficult and hopeless, and even the horse himself was too sad to move forward.
Five or six sentences? Where is the home of Qinling Mountains? With what? Lan Guan and the horse stood still? Looking back and looking forward is also relatively speaking, the sadder it is.
Students read aloud with emotion. (Interpreting the meaning of sadness)
5. Neck couplets are the only scenery in this poem. What is the function of scenery writing?
Necklace: Gu Zhan has nothing to do and writes about his feelings on the spot. Through the description of the magnificent scenery, this couplet presents a gloomy and cold atmosphere, which is in sharp contrast with the lonely and small individuals, suggesting the hardships ahead and revealing the sadness of the protagonist's lost road.
6. Why do poets show such feelings? Find the corresponding verse in the text.
? A letter is typed in the sky, and eight thousand in Chaozhou Road in the evening. ? The first link: directly write the reasons for being convicted and demoted.
7. What are the main techniques of expression used in the first couplet? How is the expression effect?
Manipulation: contrast
Typing a book will lead to a thousand miles of degradation. ? Tomorrow? The fate between them has changed so dramatically. What a huge contrast! ? Cloud nine? , said the depth of the palace, the power of imperial power. ? Lu 8 thousand? Words are far from being relegated and frustrated. The author uses it skillfully? A letter? With what? Eight thousand? 、? North Korea? With what? At night? . There is a sharp contrast in quantity and time. The sudden change is concrete and vivid, which enhances the appeal. He got the nerve to say, this? Sin? Is that why I brought it in voluntarily? A book? What is the fate of sin? Play in the morning? With what? At night? What is a fall? Eight thousand Li? Although the poet was found guilty, he did not regret it.
8. What does the couplet show the poet's mentality?
Couplets are also discussed and discussed, indicating the will. The poet who wrote this couplet wanted to get rid of all evils, but he was demoted. He is generous with regrets and firm in spirit.
(the poet's direct book? Eliminate disadvantages? It is really courageous to think that he is right and express his indignation that he was acquitted of loyalty. Although he caused a disastrous disaster, he did it. Willing to decline and cherish the old? Being old and strong makes people like to see his integrity. )
Summary: the first four sentences of the poem: loyalty and demotion. Narrative discussion, concise and lively, passionate.
9. Try to analyze the function of tail connection. (Hint: Structure and Content)
Structurally, Wei Lian explained the aftermath to his nephew, deeply depressed, and further deepened his poetry in content.
? Knowing that you are far away should be intentional, right? Through my grandnephew's mood, I wrote down the danger and uncertainty of my future. I wrote about the endless sadness of being demoted, which revealed my desolation. ? So I can collect my bones by the river? It shows the author's thinking about the future. The poet knows that he is ill-fated, but he is helpless and can only be calm and correct. Zuozhuan? In Gong thirty-two years, do you still remember when my uncle cried? It's a matter of time before you die, but what about the rest? Words, Han Yu calmly confessed to his nephew, and the fourth sentence was closely related, further revealing sadness and unspeakable anger.
10, now tell me about your good fortune? Language is extremely sad, but it does not fade? Understand.
? Play at night? ,? Lu 8 thousand? ,? Decadent and dying? ,? Where is home? ,? The horse stopped moving? ,? So I can collect my bones by the river? , are extremely sad, but the poet's emotional tone has not subsided. The reason is that the poet's impassioned and righteous feelings are integrated into the poem; At the same time, in scenery writing and lyricism, clouds hold snow? The realm is magnificent, magnificent and powerful, and it is not uncomfortable to read.
Fifth, summarize the whole poem.
Moving Left to Lan Guan to Meet My Grandnephew is a profound political lyric poem. The poet combined the corruption of the imperial court with his own misfortune, expressing his loyalty and courage to get rid of the disadvantages for the imperial court.
The first four sentences of the poem: loyalty and righteousness fall. Narrative discussion, concise and lively, passionate. The last four sentences: Blue amorous feelings show Hunan. It is sad to write a situational narrative to express one's feelings, and the change of emotional tone causes the whole poem to open and close ups and downs, depressed and frustrated.
Chaozhou Hanwen Temple Column Trade Union:
? Open a thousand words, Xue Hanbi. Since then, the wind of Confucianism has opened the sea;
It didn't officially arrive until August, and now the crocodiles in Chaoping are all over Yingzhou.
In the 14th year of Yuanhe, Tang Xianzong (8 19), Han Yu, assistant minister of punishments, was banished to the tide for admonishing Buddhist bones. I set out from Chang 'an on the 14th day of the first month of that year and arrived in Chaozhou on March 25th after a long journey of more than two months. In the same year1October14th, the amount moved to Yuanzhou. Han Yu has managed outrageous affairs for only eight months, but he has achieved remarkable results. The first is to advocate learning and attach importance to education. When he found that Chaozhou Guoxue had been abandoned for a long time, he decided to re-establish the township school, and used Zhao De, a scholar who "learned classics, wrote articles, refused heresy and returned to Confucius", as the captain of Haiyang County, "specializing in Chinese studies affairs". And paid 100,000 yuan to study, which made Chaozhou's literary style flourish, and heroes came forth in large numbers, winning the reputation of "Zou Lu by the sea". In addition, Han Yu was also very concerned about farming and mulberry, building dikes, expelling crocodiles and releasing slaves, which made Chaozhou's production develop, with a new atmosphere and won the hearts of the people.
(52-year-old Han Yu finally arrived in Chaozhou after more than 70 days of trekking, but my daughter died of panic and fatigue on the way. )
Han Yu has only been an official in Chaozhou for seven or eight months, but Chaozhou people will always remember this Han Gong, not because his official career is not smooth, not because he has gorgeous words, not because he has a far-reaching reputation, but because he works diligently for the people and thinks for them. So the mountain in Chaozhou was renamed Hanshan, and the water in Chaozhou was renamed Hanshui. There is a Han Palace in the middle of the scenery. The relegation of Chaozhou made Han Yu disappointed and disappointed, but he didn't expect it to make the world more aware of his vigorous mind and gentle personality, and he didn't expect it to make him have a land and water in the south.
Lao Tzu said:? Forever, the reason why heaven and earth can last is that they can live forever because they are not born. Is a saint, behind the body first; Live outside. ? In the temple, Han Yu bluntly admonished the monarch, while in the desert, he benefited one side. No matter where he is, no matter how hard his life is, he is full of ideas of loyalty to the monarch, patriotism and taking the people as the sky. Isn't this the backbone of ancient intellectuals in China? He inherited Qu Yuan and Lin Zexu, but chaozhou people always remembered this Han Palace and history always remembered it.
Thirdly, read poetry with emotion and experience emotion. Try reciting poems.
Transfer and expansion of intransitive verbs
Compare Korean poetry with Liu poetry, and talk about yours, right? Changli's poem Lan Guan expresses loyalty, righteousness and anger. Zi Hou's Liuzhou poems are full of plaintive voices. ? Understand.
Boarding Liuzhou Tower, Zhang Ting and Fenglian.
liu zongyuan
On the tower at the end of this town, the wilderness began, and our desire reached as far as the ocean or the sky.
The hibiscus flowers beside the moat are swaying in the sudden wind. The oblique rain whipped the vines on the wall.
We can't see anything beyond 300 miles, except vague Woods and mountains, and there are nine rivers winding in our stomachs.
* * * Come to Baiyue tattoo, don't even want a letter, let's keep in touch with home.
How does the poet express his sadness?
(Hint: What images are used in this poem and what are its characteristics? What kind of artistic conception is depicted? Combining the poet's experience with his thoughts and feelings)
? Is the high-rise building wild? Sea and sky are the same? How shocking? Rainstorm oblique invasion? Ridge trees are covered again? The river bends back? Baiyue tattoo? For the relegated poets in the Tang Dynasty, it is a very sad scenery. It is through the description of these scenes that the poet expresses his infinite sadness through the combination of distance and sight. Sad scenery and sad feelings
(Demoted official literature has strong subjective emotions. Did you panic and immerse yourself in culture when you first set foot on the road? Barbarians? The spiritual pain of the land, the hard-to-learn sense of life waste, and the mental journey of sticking to faithfulness and treachery and trying to transcend the pain in the suffering of relegation are bound to be reflected in the literary creation of relegated officials. In many dynasties, the typical way to punish officials by relegation was to send them to cities far from the capital. In the eyes of these relegated officials, these cities are just grasslands. Bai Juyi was demoted to Jiujiang. What is the image of this city in his works? My residence is near the town by the river. It is low and humid. The house is surrounded by bitter reeds and yellow rushes. What can I hear here sooner or later? The cuckoo's bleeding cry, the ape's sobs? This is a completely distant scene. Liu Zongyuan described Liuzhou where he was demoted? Nothing can be seen within three hundred miles, except a vague forest and mountains, and nine winding rivers? A land of misty rain. After Su Shi was relegated to Huangzhou, did he describe the scenery? Rocks pass through the air and waves beat against the coast? , that is? It's a pity that there is a bright moon in the stream. Why not teach Qiong Yao? , is the country's Jianghu weather. In fact, by the Tang and Song Dynasties, most of these cities had been quite prosperous. However, in the eyes of traditional scholars, these urban culture and social life far from the political center do not seem to exist. Because the world in their minds is only the imperial court and the grass field. So Fan Zhongyan went to Yueyang City and boarded Yueyang Tower. All he saw and thought about was temples and rivers and lakes, but there was no lost land and a city like Gechuan. )
Lotus and Ficus pumila: They symbolize the beauty and elegance of personality.
Because of their special situation, the literati who relegated officials often use metaphor to express their feelings in twists and turns. The relegation of officials' lonely and dangerous position in politics has made them express their inner worries in literature by expressing their children's love of writing about monarch and ministers, or by taking flowers and plants as metaphors. Since Qu Yuan wrote in Li Sao? Vanilla beauty? After Bixing, there were more and more followers of relegated officials. For example, Robin's Political Prisoner Listening to Cicada uses the metaphor of Cicada to express his grief and indignation at being slandered. In "Fishing", Xin Qiji used the historical beauty Queen Chen to describe her exclusion and political frustration.
Seven, explore
(1) What emotions do poets usually express in relegated poems?
1, the last cry of the hero
2. Loyalty and anger of being demoted
3. Ambition is hard to pay.
4. sigh at an untimely time
5, the pain of the journey.
6. Nostalgia and nostalgia
(2) Combined with related poems, what common images will appear in relegated poems?
? When did the moon begin to appear? Ask heaven for wine. ? -Su Shi's Water Tune
? The surging river flows eastward, and those heroes of the past are gone forever. ? -Su Shi, "Niannujiao? Chibi nostalgia "
? After the easy autumn, cuckoo clock, I heard you pass five streams. ? -Li Bai "I heard that Wang Changling moved to Longbiao kiln and sent this."
? What can you hear here in the morning and evening? The cuckoo's bleeding cry, the ape's sobbing. ? -Bai Juyi's Pipa Trip
Guiyan: eager to return to one's hometown or capital.
? In the lunar month, geese began to fly south. It is said that they flew to Dayuling, and they all turned back.
Birds don't enter, but I don't travel far to Lingnan. I don't know when, when can I return home? ?
-Song Wenzhi inscribed on the wall of the North Inn of Dayu Mountain.
River water: symbolizes the poet's melancholy, or his feelings about the passage of time and historical changes.
? When the door is closed, the cold current is not locked, and the guest delivers it overnight. ? -Roger Lee's "Stay in Wuguan"
? In the Yangtze River, you are far from home. ? -Wei Chengqing's Farewell to the South
Vanilla and citrus: symbols of people's noble qualities.
? Here, south of the Yangtze River, there is a red orange tree. Its leaves are green all winter. Not because the soil is getting warmer, but because it is accustomed to the cold by nature. ? -Zhang Jiuling's Feeling (7)
Other common images in relegated poems;
Wind, frost, rain, snow, sunset and fallen leaves?
(c) Talk about the expressions that will appear in relegated poems.
Taking into account their own special circumstances, scholars who demoted officials often used comparative methods to express their feelings in twists and turns.
(2) Due to the change of status and the comparison between ancient and modern situations, the literature of relegated officials mostly adopts comparative methods.
(3) When the degenerate official literature will have nothing to say, it is often unbearable to express one's mind directly.
There are many innovations in the literary style of relegated officials. Generally speaking, a new literary style always sprouts from the soil of folk life first. The experience of relegation is that their lives have fallen to the people, and the relegated officials have gradually got rid of the influence of various distractions such as fame and fortune, and can more fully gallop their artistic imagination. The poet's vision is relatively broad, and his poems can contain various themes. Coupled with his own literary accomplishment, he can often explore new literary styles. Liu Yuxi achieved great success in singing the custom with Zhuzhi Ci in his relegation, which made Zhuzhi Ci a special genre for later literati to sing the custom. There is a new trend that Su Shi creates bold ci, and Bai Yuan literati sing songs with ci. The frustration of official career aggravated the sentimental feelings of literati, and political frustration became their ancient poems about history and life, which were wise and meaningful, such as Liu Yuxi's Old Times on the West Fort and Wuyi Xiang. )
(4) Homework: Please collect relevant information? What is the artistic expression of relegated literature in literary creation? Conduct inquiry learning on the project and exchange results with classmates.
Eight, re-read the poem with emotion and experience the emotion. Try reciting poems.