First, the original:
The Book of Songs Li Feng Kaifeng
Xianqin
The wind blew from the south, blowing his spine.
I want to die, and my mother has a reward.
The wind blows from the south, and the wind blows from the other side.
God, I have no family.
Is there any cold in the spring? Under Xun.
With seven children, my mother is very hard.
_ _ yellow bird, carry its voice.
There are seven children, don't comfort your mother.
Second, translation.
The breeze is blowing from the south, blowing on the buds of jujube trees. Jujube trees are tender and strong, and mothers are busy raising children. The south wind is warm, and jujube trees grow into firewood. The mother is reasonable and kind, and she doesn't blame her if her son is not good. Cold spring water is cool, and the source is next to Junyi. The mother raised seven children, and the son grew into a tired mother. The yellowbird is singing euphemistically. It's so beautiful and noisy. It is difficult to comfort a mother who has raised seven children.
Third, the appreciation of Kaifeng.
Kaifeng is undoubtedly a poem involving China's traditional filial piety culture, but there have always been different interpretations of the meaning of filial piety expressed in this poem. According to Preface to Mao's Poems, the background of this poem is that "Wei's lewdness prevails, and although there are seven sons and mothers, they still can't settle down in their rooms", so it is a poem of "Seven sons and daughters are filial to comfort their mother's heart and fulfill their aspirations". On this basis, Zhu's Biography of Poems further developed, arguing that the seven sons achieved filial piety through "gentle words and admonitions, without showing the evil of their relatives." At the end of the Qing Dynasty, Wei Yuan and others believed that this poem was written by the Seven Sons to honor their stepmother. In modern times, Wen Yiduo thinks this poem is called "comforting mother, but actually admonishing father". Nowadays, many people think that this poem expresses the son's praise for his mother and his blame for himself. It seems more appropriate to combine this understanding with poetry.
The whole poem consists of four chapters. The first two chapters use chanting techniques. The inspiration of "stabbing the heart" and "stabbing the salary" comes from the triumphant wind in the south, which is a metaphor for a mother raising seven children. Mothers are like a warm breeze, taking good care of these "dead" children until their "thorns" grow into "thorns" and children can become adults. However, although she is hardworking and virtuous, I have not become a virtuous "person" and euphemistically expressed my filial son's remorse. In the last two chapters of the poem, the author chooses two images, the cold spring of Xia Jun and the pleasant yellow bird, as a contrast. Clear spring is sweet, and summer heat can quench people's thirst; Birds sing euphemistically and perches are pleasant to the ear, but our seven sons always "don't comfort their mother's heart", once again rendering their pity for their hard-working mother and sighing for their "incompetence"
The style of this poem is fresh and beautiful, especially the use of metaphors, such as Kaifeng, thorn tree, cold spring, yellow bird, etc., which not only implies the time series changes in spring and summer, but also contains the seven sons' earnest filial piety to their mothers. This poem had a great influence on later literature. Before the Six Dynasties, women's poems, obituaries and even imperial edicts often used "opening the wind" and "cold spring" to express maternal love. In the Song Dynasty, Su Shi wrote a poem for Hu Wanfu's mother, Mrs. Zhou, which was directly translated from this poem.