Please be clear that writing classical Chinese is not a cramming exercise or what problem-solving skills alone can improve your score. The most important thing is to rely on whether it is classical Chinese after class or in class at ordinary times.
First, let's see what kinds of topics are there.
Generally speaking, the first part is all about word translation.
Understanding this type of topic
First, By accumulating
the questioner will be more conservative on this topic. Most of the words that need to be explained are the ones we have seen. So when you are a teacher or arrange your own classical Chinese questions, you should deliberately remember the translation of some common words. You can also summarize yourself. For example, the word' zhi' can summarize many usages 1, 2, and put it between the subject and the predicate to cancel the independence of the sentence 3, 3, Pronouns, etc., which are accumulated much at ordinary times, will certainly play a great role in the exam
Second, On-the-spot analysis
You can guess by yourself according to the general idea and context of the whole article. Just like reading in English, you will always encounter words you don't know. Ignore them first. After you understand the meaning of the word in the whole article, you will probably come out.
The second part is about the usage of words.
For example, the usage of nouns as verbs, the usage of adjectives, prepositional object and polysemy. The most important topic depends on the usual understanding.
First of all, it is necessary to understand what these usages are and how to use them, and it is basically no problem to be able to judge and use such topics skillfully.
The third part is about sentence translation.
When it comes to this type of topic, it is necessary to clearly understand what is the most taboo to read classical Chinese, that is, to unconsciously use the present meaning of each word to translate the whole article, and to remember what is in classical Chinese. The meaning of many words is completely different from the present meaning.
After paying attention to this point, the general meaning of translation will not be biased. As for more accurate methods, it is the same as the method of word translation.
The last part is about the general meaning of the whole article and the feelings expressed or the truth told.
It is no problem to read the whole article. Classical Chinese is not as profound as modern Chinese, and most of them are allusions. Or a person
if you are modern. It's no problem to do this type of questions if you are good and understand the whole article.
ps: Personal opinion is for reference only.
The last point is actually that classical Chinese is not difficult as long as you do more and remember more, and you can get high marks.
In addition, everyone has their own methods to do classical Chinese. If you want to keep improving, you might as well sum up what is suitable for you. Your own problem-solving skills 2. Analysis of reading points of classical Chinese
"365 Online Q&A Network Teacher" helps you to answer the requirements in the exam instructions: 1. Understand the meanings of common classical Chinese notional words in specific contexts. 2. Understand common classical Chinese function words (Zhi, Qi, Er, Yi, Yu, Nai, Although, Wei, Zhe, Er, Ze, Hu, Ran, Ran. Understand the basic content of the article and summarize the main points of the article. 5. Analyze and summarize the author's views and attitudes expressed in the article. 6. Have your own experience and opinion analysis on the content, language and writing method of the article: 1. Reciting classical Chinese poetry requires that every word be missed, added, inverted and unchanged; To memorize classical Chinese poetry sentences, we should not only be coherent, but also be word-correct. In the senior high school entrance examination, we should memorize four poems and two articles, paying special attention to reciting famous sentences in the articles. Remember and correct the typos in our previous dictation. 2. Understanding and appreciation of ancient poems should focus on the ancient poems and songs appearing in the reading articles in each textbook, and pay attention to the accumulation of common sense of ancient culture and literature, especially the notes in the textbooks. It is necessary to have a good understanding of the appreciation guidance and exercises in "Click on the Contents", and accurately grasp the understanding of the poem, the main content and writing intention of the poem, and the author's thoughts and feelings. 3. For some famous articles, You should also know the author's name, life time and title of the article. 4. Master the meaning of common content words in classical Chinese and the usage of six function words. Generally, the special usage of ancient Chinese is: polysemy, false usage, flexible use of parts of speech, and different meanings in ancient and modern times. Therefore, to pay special attention to such words in the text, we must understand and master the usage of 15 content words and six function words in Click on the Contents, especially in junior high school textbooks. Such as judgmental sentences, inverted sentences (prepositional object, adverbial postposition), passive sentences, rhetorical questions, etc. In order to realize the meaning of key notional words and the usage of function words in translation, the mood and sentence pattern of the translated sentence must be consistent with the original sentence. 6. In reading classical Chinese after class, you don't have to be nervous when you meet words that you can't know or words that you don't think of at once. Contact the context and combine the plot of the story (article) to understand (guess). Remember that translation can't be divorced from the article. If there are notes under the selected text, you must make full use of the prompt function of the notes. 7. Pay attention to the induction and generalization of the main contents of the selected text in the reading of the paragraphs in class. If you are within your own control, you can of course answer the questions by memory. If your review is not in place or your memory is unclear, you should carefully read the selected articles to collect and process information, and then make a reasonable and brief statement. In reading classical Chinese after class, you should pay attention to the understanding of the truth contained in the article or the induction and refinement of the character characteristics in the article. 3. Reading skills of classical Chinese
Reading skills of classical Chinese:
Step 1: Quickly browse the topics
There is a characteristic in extracurricular reading questions of classical Chinese: some topic options show the meaning of some key words in the text; others suggest the main content of classical Chinese. Browsing the topics will help students understand the general meaning of classical Chinese. Therefore, after receiving the reading passage of extracurricular classical Chinese, we should first quickly browse the topics after the passage.
Step 2: Analyze the titles carefully
Generally speaking, the reading paragraphs of classical Chinese after class will give titles, and most of the titles themselves summarize the main contents of classical Chinese. For example, in a test, I took an extra-curricular reading passage of classical Chinese "Chu people learn to boat". The title of this subject-predicate structure summarizes the main content of the paragraph, and we can know the main content of the paragraph after reading the title. In a word, careful analysis of the title of the paragraph can make us understand the main content of classical Chinese quickly.
Step 3: Read the full text quickly in combination with notes
Reading the passage in classical Chinese after class, some difficult words in classical Chinese are generally annotated. These notes help students to understand the main content of classical Chinese accurately. Therefore, don't ignore these notes, but read the full text quickly with them. In addition, it should be noted that in the process of reading the full text, you should not stop and think hard, but should continue reading. In short, read the full text quickly, not completely, but understand the general meaning of the article. Step 4: Answer the question with "the right medicine".
There are three types of extracurricular reading problems, namely, word explanation problems, sentence translation problems and content understanding problems. Different methods are used to solve different problems:
(1) Word explanation questions: Most of these questions examine the phenomenon of polysemy in classical Chinese content words, which are basically learned by students in classical Chinese in class. When solving a problem, we should first apply the meaning of the content words in classical Chinese we have learned, and then contact the context test. After the test, the meaning is fluent, which is the correct answer.
(2) Sentence translation: Translated sentences should be translated freely on the basis of literal translation. First, explain the meaning of key words on the draft (literal translation); Then, write out the general meaning of the sentence (free translation). When translating sentences, we should pay attention to the following problems: ① Proper nouns such as year number, person name, place name, official name, object name, book title and country name should be kept as they are, and no translation is needed. For example: "In the spring of the fourth year of Qingli (year number), Teng Zijing (name) was appointed to guard Baling County (place name)". In the spring of the fourth year of Qingli, Teng Zijing was demoted and became the prefect of Baling County. For example: "Chen Shengsheng, Yangcheng people also". "who? Also "table judgment, nonsense, should be deleted. Chen Sheng is from Yangcheng. ③ Some special sentence patterns in classical Chinese (such as inversion of subject and predicate, prepositional object, adverbial postposition, etc.) are different from the word order in modern Chinese, so appropriate adjustments should be made in translation. For example, "I'm sorry, you don't like it!" " Your lack of intelligence is too serious. (4) If the translated sentence is an ellipsis, the omitted elements should be supplemented. For example: "Nai Dan Shu Bo said' Chen Shengwang' (omit the subject)." They wrote the words' Chen Shengwang' on the silk with vermilion.
(3) Content comprehension questions. There are three ways to solve this type of problem: first, quote the original sentence to answer; Second, extract key words from the original text to answer; Third, organize the written answers in your own words. Of the three methods, the first and second methods have higher accuracy. 4. What are the skills for reading classical Chinese
To review classical Chinese reading, we must first master the reading methods.
many students often don't read the article carefully, but just go to the article to find the answer. It is impossible to answer the question correctly without reading the article.
Doing classical Chinese reading problems can be divided into three steps: the first step is to read the whole text and feel it as a whole. Read through must complete the following five tasks; Understand what is narrated; Find out the cause, process and result of what is recorded; A brief analysis of who is involved in what is recorded, whether there is a primary or secondary distinction between them, and how the relationship is; Check whether the author has any comments and what to talk about in the narrative; Pay attention to the characteristics of narrative methods.
If the passage is argumentative, it is necessary to find out the sentences that show the argument, then find the arguments that support the argument, and finally see what methods are used to prove the argument. The second step is to read the details and grasp the characters.
after understanding the main plot content of the article, if you want to further understand the main idea of the article, you can't do without the characters, but you should pay attention to the description of the characters, especially some details can often convey the quality and heart of the characters. Pay attention to reading these details, such as; Try to figure out the tone of the character's language, pay attention to the change of expression, pay attention to the direction of action, etc., so as to understand the real intention of the character.
Therefore, reading the characters' words and deeds, people's personalities and manners will be clear to them, and it will be natural to grasp the main idea of the article. The third step is to read the article intensively and prescribe the right medicine.
Go deep into the article, and use the context of the article itself, the topic of the proposition, the original words in the article, comments and the main idea of the article to answer the relevant questions and prescribe the right medicine. Word explanation questions.
When solving a problem, we should first apply the meaning of the content words in classical Chinese we have learned, and then contact the context test. After the test, the meaning is fluent, which is the correct answer. Sentence translation questions.
Translated sentences should be translated freely on the basis of literal translation. First of all, literal translation, explain the meaning of key words on the draft; Then translate it freely and write out the general meaning of the sentence.
filter information questions. Students are required to analyze and classify the content of the article on the basis of understanding the meaning of the article, thus reflecting the degree of understanding of the article.
the information content involved in extraction is; Information showing the behavior characteristics of characters; (teaching thesis) information reflecting the aspirations and ideas of the characters; Information reflecting the moral sentiment or intelligence of a character; Information that shows characters' personalities and emotions. Filtering and extracting the information in the text is based on understanding the article, which can promote us to understand all the materials in the reading process.
summarize the questions. To make a comprehensive judgment on the said event or truth requires answering the basis of an argument, the cause of an event, the result of a development, etc.
This is a comprehensive ability that has been further improved on the basis of understanding the meaning of the text. The specific contents are as follows; The basis of an argument; The essence of a phenomenon; The cause and result of something; A person's thought and character, etc.
point of view and attitude questions. Summarizing the author's views and attitudes in the article can be started from the stylistic characteristics; Narrative style, the author's views and attitudes are often integrated into the characters and events he narrates, and there are also a few articles with brief comments at the beginning or end, so these characteristics should be grasped when summarizing.
in an argumentative style, the author's point of view is the argument of the article. Pay attention to two points at the same time; First, the generalization is complete and comprehensive, and several aspects contained in the author's emotional attitude should be taken into account, so as not to generalize and forget everything; Second, the accuracy and appropriateness of generalization, not exaggerating, not narrowing, not absolutizing, and properly summarizing.
don't forget to praise the satisfactory answer ~~~O(∩_∩)O thank you. 5. Reading skills of classical Chinese
Reading skills of classical Chinese: Step 1: Quickly browse the topics The extracurricular reading questions of classical Chinese have a feature: some topic options show the meaning of some key words in the text; some topics suggest the main content of classical Chinese.
browsing the topics will help students get a preliminary understanding of the general meaning of classical Chinese. Therefore, after receiving the reading passage of extracurricular classical Chinese, we should first quickly browse the topics after the passage.
Step 2: Carefully analyze the titles. Generally speaking, reading paragraphs in classical Chinese after class will give titles, and most of the titles themselves summarize the main contents of classical Chinese. For example, in a test, I took an extra-curricular reading passage of classical Chinese "Chu people learn to boat".
the title of this subject-predicate structure summarizes the main content of the paragraph, and we can know the main content of the paragraph after reading the title. In a word, careful analysis of the title of the paragraph can make us understand the main content of classical Chinese quickly.
Step 3: Speed-read the full-text extracurricular classical Chinese reading paragraphs with comments, and generally give comments for some difficult classical Chinese words. These notes help students to understand the main content of classical Chinese accurately.
So, don't ignore these notes, but read the full text quickly with them. In addition, it should be noted that in the process of reading the full text, you should not stop and think hard, but should continue reading.
in short, read the full text quickly, and you can understand the general meaning of the article without completely understanding it. Step 4: Answer the question with "the right medicine".
There are three types of extracurricular reading problems, namely, word explanation problems, sentence translation problems and content understanding problems. Different methods are used to solve different problems: (1) Word explanation questions: Most of these questions examine the phenomenon of polysemy in classical Chinese content words, which are basically learned by students in classical Chinese in class.
When solving a problem, we should first apply the meaning of the content words in classical Chinese we have learned, and then contact the context test. After the test, the meaning is fluent, which is correct.