Teaching objectives
Through the study of this lesson, students can understand and understand the basic historical facts that Britain smuggled opium into China, which brought serious harm to China society and launched a war of aggression against China. Master Lin, on the other hand, carried out the feat of destroying opium in Humen in order to safeguard the interests of the Chinese nation. Understand the main content of treaty of nanking and its influence on China.
After Britain launched the Opium War to invade China and China and Britain signed the treaty of nanking, China began to become a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society, which cultivated students' ability to observe and analyze problems with historical materialism.
Through the historical facts of opium smuggling from Britain to China, we can understand the dirty and bloody history of capitalism and expose the hypocrisy and mercenary nature of bourgeois morality. Learn from Lin Zexu and Humen's patriotic spirit of destroying opium to safeguard the interests and dignity of the Chinese nation. Keep in mind the historical lesson of "being behind will be beaten" in the Opium War, cultivate students' sense of hardship and revitalize China's sense of historical mission.
Teaching focus
This lesson mainly tells how China became a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society from a feudal country with political sovereignty, territorial integrity and economic self-sufficiency. Focus on six issues in two major sectors: First, Lin Zexu and Humen destroyed opium: 1. Britain smuggled opium into China to open the China market. 2. Opium smuggling has brought serious harm to China society. 3. Lin Zexu and Humen banned smoking, which safeguarded the interests of the Chinese nation. 2. Sino-British treaty of nanking: 1. Britain launched the Opium War of aggression against China. 2. The Qing government was forced to sign the treaty of nanking. 3. China began to become a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society.
Teaching difficulties
The difficulty lies in how to understand the transformation of China from a feudal society to a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. First of all, it is clear that the meaning of semi-colony is a country that is formally independent but is controlled and oppressed by imperialism in politics, economy and culture. The meaning of semi-feudal society is that the original feudal economy has been destroyed and capitalism has some elements, but it still maintains the feudal exploitation system. Then, according to the contents of the Sino-British treaty of nanking, guide students to discuss and analyze, and realize that after the signing of the treaty, although China is a formally independent country, its independent politics has begun to be interfered by foreign countries; The feudal society characterized by natural economy was also impacted by foreign capitalism, and it was not a complete feudal society, so China began to become a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. In the process of teaching, we should also pay attention to the fact that the formation of semi-colonial and semi-feudal society in China has a development process, and the signing of treaty of nanking is only the beginning, so don't make mistakes in understanding.
blackboard-writing design
teaching process
1. Britain smuggled opium into China to open the China market: 1. Why did Britain smuggle opium into China in the introduction box to guide students to read the text, think and answer. After full discussion by the students, the teacher concluded that Britain was the most powerful capitalist country in the world at that time. It expanded everywhere, promoted industrial products and plundered cheap industrial raw materials, and the vast China market became its first choice. Britain opened the door to China by means of diplomacy and trade, but it was not completely satisfied. Later, it was found that engaging in the drug trade could make huge profits. (At that time, the British East India Company, which had the exclusive right to sell opium, cost more than 200 rupees per case, the auction price in the market was 18 1785 rupees, and the price in China was 2 6 18 rupees, a difference of 833 rupees, equivalent to more than 280 silver dollars, 400 yuan RMB or silver. ) So Britain actively smuggled opium into China. Instruct students to look at the table of opium surge imported from Britain to China.
2. Opium smuggling has brought serious harm to China society. Instruct students to read free reading cards, and combine the phenomenon of drug abuse in real life with the determination of our government to fight drugs to think and discuss. The teacher summed it up again: opium is a narcotic drug boiled with poppy juice. Once a person has smoked opium, it is not easy to give it up. Once he is addicted to it, it will ruin his family and ruin his family. Please read the ballad of cannon, and the teacher will explain the meaning. Hastings, the first British Indian Governor, declared in 1773: "Opium is not a necessity, but a harmful luxury. It is not allowed except for the purpose of foreign trade. A wise government should strictly limit domestic consumption of opium. " Here, the British bourgeoisie believes that opium is harmful and should strictly limit domestic consumption; On the one hand, encourage exports to make huge profits. This purpose thoroughly exposed the shamelessness and hypocrisy of the British bourgeoisie and recognized the dirty and bloody history of capitalism. Marx once quoted Montgomery Martin, a British historian, to denounce the evil of opium trade: "Opium trade is more cruel than slave trade, because opium dealers are corrupting, corrupting and destroying the spiritual world of unfortunate sinners and torturing their bodies." Marx hit the nail on the head: the illegal opium trade enriches the British treasury every year by destroying people's lives and morals.
The teacher asked the students to use their brains to read the questions, and according to the students' answers to the questions, summed up the harm caused by opium import to China society. What kind of consequences will it bring to the Chinese nation.
3. Lin Zexu and Humen's destruction of opium safeguarded the interests of the Chinese nation: The teacher asked you how to face the grim situation brought about by opium smuggling? After the students fully discussed and expressed their opinions, the teacher concluded that opium smuggling had seriously endangered the rule of the Qing Dynasty, so Daoguang Emperor sent Lin Zexu to Guangdong to ban smoking. Speaking of the harm of opium, it is self-evident why Lin Zexu banned smoking. )
The teacher asked: What measures did Lin Zexu take to ban smoking? What effect has it received? After the students answered, the teacher further suggested that strict and effective measures should be taken to destroy more than 2.3 million Jin of opium seized in Humentan. Pay attention to remind students that selling cigarettes is carried out through chemical reaction, not burning cigarettes. Teachers can also point out that foreigners did not fully believe that Lin Zexu really wanted to ban smoking at that time. They thought that Lin Zexu would make a fortune this time. However, after carefully observing all aspects of the whole process of selling cigarettes, it is found that their strict and orderly organizational measures are simply an opportunity for people to take advantage of them. Their ideas are too naive. Lin Zexu's excellent organizational ability and noble personality spirit impressed and admired these foreigners. The ban on smoking in Humen safeguarded the interests of the Chinese nation and showed its strong will to resist foreign aggression. Lin Zexu is a well-deserved national hero. When General Luo Ruiqing visited Humen, he said, "It was here that China first resisted imperialist aggression in modern history. When you arrive at Humen, you will know what the Chinese national spirit is. "
4. Britain launched the Opium War against China: The teacher pointed out that Lin Zexu and Humen destroyed opium, which dealt a blow to the arrogance of opium dealers and frustrated Britain's dream of opening the door to China with opium. They are determined to wage a war of aggression and open the door to China with heavy shelling. The teacher asked: Was this war caused by Lin Zexu's ban on smoking? Guide students to discuss and analyze, quote the famous German military scientist clausewitz's famous saying that "war is the continuation of politics by another means", and point out that opening the China market is the established policy of the British bourgeoisie, and this war is the inevitable and continuation of the British bourgeoisie's policy of protecting opium trade and promoting colonial expansion. Without Lin Zexu's ban on smoking, they would have done so, only a matter of time. Because the war was caused by opium smuggling, Marx said, "Britain used artillery to force China to accept an anesthetic called opium." Therefore, this war is called the Opium War.
5. The Qing government was forced to sign treaty of nanking: let students read textbooks and answer, what was the result of this war? A small discussion on the reasons for the defeat of the Qing government gives students the opportunity to study independently, play freely and express themselves. On this basis, the teacher instructed the students to look at the schematic diagram of the Opium War and tell the two stages of the Opium War: first, attacking Guangzhou, sinking into the sea and forcing Tianjin, and investigating the dismissal of Lin Zexu by Daoguang Emperor; Second, the Qing government occupied Hong Kong, entered Wusong and Nanjing, and was forced to sign an alliance at the gates. To sum up, it is suggested that after the Qing Dynasty entered the Central Plains, it adopted a closed-door policy, which lost the opportunity to develop productive forces and improve comprehensive national strength through foreign economic and cultural exchanges, but caused a complacent, ignorant and backward mentality. As a result, it was "beaten if it fell behind" and lost the war. Although China launched a just war against aggression, despite the heroic resistance of patriotic fighters such as Guan Tianpei, the war failed, and the corrupt Qing government was forced to sign the treaty of nanking, which humiliated the country.
6. China began to become a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society: what is a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society? Let the students read the main contents of treaty of nanking and guide them to see the schematic diagram of the cession of Hong Kong Island. Guide the students to summarize the main contents of the treaty into six words: land cession, compensation and trade. After discussion and analysis with students, it is concluded that China began to become a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. The people of China started the struggle against foreign aggression and feudalism in their own country, and the Opium War became the beginning of modern history of China.
Please summarize the harm of opium to China and write it down. Compare and see who summed up the content comprehensively and succinctly.
Mainly: First, the outflow of silver caused the financial crisis of the Qing government (as high as 1839, and the outflow of silver in China was as high as 1 100 million taels). Second, the price of silver has risen, leading to "silver is expensive and money is cheap". The ratio of copper coins to silver has increased. From the original 1000 to 1500 to 1, and then to 2 000 to 1. The Qing government stipulated that taxes should be paid in silver, which increased the burden on farmers. It turns out that 100 kg of rice sells 1000 copper coins, so you can pay the tax of 1 2 silver. Now we need 200 Jin of rice to pay taxes. (3) Corrupt the ruling institutions. The Qing government was even more greedy because of bribery. Fourth, it has poisoned the physical and mental health of our people, brought unstable factors to society and seriously weakened the combat effectiveness of the army.
Lesson 2 The Crime of Foreign Powers Invading China during the Second Opium War
Teaching objectives
Through the teaching of this lesson, students can understand the criminal acts of foreign powers invading China during the Second Opium War, and the corruption and incompetence of the rulers of the Qing Dynasty, which led to the burning of the world-famous China Palace, further loss of sovereignty, rape and occupation of land, and the historical facts of the peasant rebels' resistance struggle in the year of national disaster.
Through teachers' guidance, students' autonomous learning (listening, watching and discussing), this lesson cultivates students' ability to analyze historical phenomena and see the essence through the phenomena (that is, the reasons why the powers are so unscrupulous and overbearing), so as to understand why the primary goal of the peasant movement in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom is to clean up the government (if the root causes of corruption are not completely eliminated, the "law" and "Britain" will be driven away today, and there will be a new "law" tomorrow).
By analyzing the strength of a nation, the country's advanced backwardness is closely related to its fate, thus stimulating students' patriotic enthusiasm and studying hard for the rejuvenation of the nation and the strength of the country. Through the historical facts of Taiping Army's resistance to foreign guns, China people have always had a strong determination to resist foreign aggression and a glorious tradition of patriotic education.
Important and difficult
The occurrence of the Second Opium War is a key point. For this part of the content, students only need to master the knowledge points: the time when the Second Opium War happened and the country that launched it, but teachers should grasp the topic of the text and make it clear why this war is called the Second Opium War and its relationship with the First Opium War, so that the content of the text can be connected from top to bottom.
"The crime of foreign powers invading China" is another focus of this lesson, and it is also the content described in a lot of space in this lesson. In order to simplify complicated things and grasp this historical fact easily, the crime can be summarized into eight words: "unprecedented looting" (Britain, France) and "maximum cutting" (Russia).
The difficulty of this lesson can be placed on "the relationship between the Second Opium War and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement". Here, there are two issues that need to be clarified. First, why did the peasant uprising army first target the Qing government, that is, overthrow the rule of the Qing government (the corruption of the Qing government was the chief culprit of the national disaster); First, the Taiping Army fought against foreign guns, telling the patriotic spirit of the people of China and the glorious tradition of resisting foreign aggression.
blackboard-writing design
teaching process
Review question: What serious consequences did the signing of treaty of nanking in the First Opium War bring to China? Do those in power satisfy their vested interests?
Introduce a new course
1. The teaching idea of the text can adopt the structure of one clue and three plates:
① A clue: the title of the text of Crime of Foreign Powers Invading China in the Second Opium War.
② Three sections: It consists of the blackboard design of the whole class.
First, the occurrence of the Second Opium War.
Second, the crimes of great powers in the Second Opium War.
1. Britain and France burned Yuanmingyuan.
2. Russian-occupied territory (over1500,000 square kilometers)
Third, the struggle triggered by the Second Opium War-Taiping Army fought against foreign guns.
2. Specific teaching methods
(1) for the occurrence of the second opium war, this lesson is extremely short, but why do you want a separate section? First, the overall clue structure is clear and logical. Second, students can't understand why this war of aggression is called the Second Opium War, instead of the Sino-French War, the Sino-Japanese War, and Eight-Nation Alliance's invasion of China (although this is another story), because the Second Opium War is definitely related to the First Opium War. So this part is introduced by the teacher from the subject, that is, what is the "Second Opium War"? During the First Opium War, capitalist countries such as Britain and France seized many rights in China because of the signing of treaty of nanking, but their greedy desires were not satisfied. In order to further open China's market and expand its aggressive rights and interests, they unreasonably demanded "amending the treaty". After being rejected, they launched a war of aggression here to force the Qing government to submit. Because this war is a continuation of the Opium War, it is called the second Opium War in history.
(2) In the second section "Crimes of Great Powers", we can do the following:
A. Talking about "burning Yuanmingyuan" can be done in the form of discussion. That is the teacher's explanation: Yuanmingyuan is not only the crystallization of China's feudal architectural art, but also a rare museum and art gallery in the world. Known as the "Garden of Ten Thousand Gardens" by the West, it really deserves its name (see information). Let Yuanmingyuan, an exquisite treasure house of art, occupy the position of ancestors in the hearts of students. Look, just show a video of burning Yuanmingyuan, so that students can have an intuitive impression of Yuanmingyuan. Witness the brutality, greed and evil of the invaders through vision. Deepen the hatred of the aggressors' crimes through listening and watching activities. Discussion, that is, let students express their opinions and talk about their feelings, guide students to complain bitterly and stimulate patriotic enthusiasm.
B. Russia's land division behavior can guide students to analyze and summarize:
First, ambition has a long history.
The second is the means-fish in troubled waters (forced by force, induced by mediation, decided by a piece of paper, forcibly cut and sealed up), nibbling away step by step.
The teaching method can use a picture and a table. First, "read the map by table" and then "express it by map" (by means of geographical orientation).
(3) The third section can use serial questioning method: Why did China suffer such a disaster? What are the subjective reasons? How did the people react (related to the content of the first Opium War: the Qing government was corrupt and repeatedly compromised, which led to the situation in China plummeting)? What is the goal of peasant regime resistance? What was the result? Finally, the teacher summarized the outbreak time, invaders, main contents and results of the first and second opium wars, so as to induce them layer by layer and gradually consolidate them, and let students understand that the semi-colonization of China society was further deepened due to the loss of sovereignty and the seizure of territory in the second opium war, and the contents of the two opium wars were consolidated, paving the way for mastering the integrity of the knowledge of the five large-scale wars of aggression against China launched by the great powers in modern history.
Lesson 3 Recovering Xinjiang
Teaching objectives
Through the study of this lesson, let the students know that Agubo invaded Xinjiang and brutally exploited and oppressed the people of Xinjiang. I know that with the support of the people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang, Zuo defeated Agubo and recovered Xinjiang.
By guiding the students to think, answer "If you are left, how can you defeat Agubo and recover Xinjiang?" How to evaluate the left, cultivate students' ability to analyze and solve problems, and comprehensively and objectively evaluate historical figures?
Through the study of this lesson, let students realize that Xinjiang has been the territory of China since ancient times, and fighting foreign aggression and defending national sovereignty will surely win the support of the people.
Teaching focus
Recovering Xinjiang from the left is the focus of this lesson. Xinjiang has been the territory of China since ancient times and the northwest gate of China. Its gains and losses are not only related to China's sovereignty, but also to safeguarding national security. Left advocates the recovery of Xinjiang, winning the support of patriots in the ruling and opposition parties and the support of people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang.
Teaching difficulties
It is difficult to explain the importance of recovering Ili and the necessity of paying the price. Is it necessary for a mountain city to exchange a large area of land and a large amount of compensation? Students may not understand and accept it. It must be made clear in the teaching that the strength of Russia at that time was very different, and it was impossible to recover Ili without paying a certain price. Yili is the gate of Xinjiang. If Yili cannot be recovered, it means that Xinjiang cannot be recovered, and national security is still not guaranteed. Therefore, Yili is more important than that land and those reparations.
blackboard-writing design
teaching process
1. Show the map of China and ask the students to find out the location of Xinjiang and ask, "What percentage of Xinjiang occupies our territory?" Then use "brains" to make students think and answer "Why has Xinjiang been the territory of China since ancient times?" One is to penetrate the theme, the other is to arouse students' interest in learning, and the third is to let students know the importance of Xinjiang.
2. Guide students to review the border crisis in China during this period, and then directly introduce new lessons.
3. Tell the story of "Agubo's invasion of Xinjiang" and put forward the problem of "how many countries have emerged from the disintegration of the Soviet Union". Ask again, "Which country established Hao Han?" Let students know the origin of this vast country and make clear its geographical position. Establish the concept of time and space for later study.
4. Combined with the map of Xinjiang or computer courseware, the teacher described the process of Agubo's invasion of Xinjiang in concise language while demonstrating. Or let students make their own courseware to demonstrate and explain the process of Agubo's invasion of Xinjiang, describe how Agubo brutally exploited and oppressed people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang, and exercise students' hands-on ability and expression ability.
5. Guide the students to learn the fine print part of the text, pointing out that Russia and Britain ignored China's sovereignty, openly recognized and supported the puppet regime of Agubo, and Russia also directly sent troops to occupy the Ili region of Xinjiang. Its criminal purpose is to attempt to split the territory of China.
6. "Recovering Xinjiang from the Left" is the focus of this lesson. Before class, students can be arranged to collect information and opinions about Li Hongzhang and Zuo. In class, students can be divided into "Li Hongzhang School" and "Left School", arguing about the importance of "coastal defense" and "blocking defense" (referring to the defense of the four northern regions). It not only mobilizes students' learning enthusiasm, but also deepens students' understanding of the correctness of the proposition of "recovering Xinjiang from the left".
7. Q: "If you are left, how can you defeat Agubo and recover Xinjiang?" Stimulate students' interest in learning and improve their ability to analyze and solve problems.
8. Q: "Why did Zuo not recover Ili after defeating Agubo, but advocated a diplomatic solution and set up an anti-Russian headquarters to support the diplomatic struggle?" Cultivate students to learn to adopt different struggle strategies according to different situations and different objects.
9. Guide students to think, "Is it worthwhile for China to use a piece of land in exchange for a lot of compensation from Yili?" Cultivate students to be far-sighted and analyze problems from a global perspective.
10. After the above, you can ask, "What do you think of Zuo Tang Zong in combination with what you have learned before?" It can not only consolidate old knowledge, deepen patriotism education, but also cultivate students' ability to comprehensively evaluate important historical figures.
Exercise the brain.
Think about it. Why Xinjiang has been the territory of China since ancient times?
In 60 BC, the Western Han government established the Western Regions Duhu, which was in charge of western region affairs. Since then, Xinjiang has been under the jurisdiction of the central government and has become an inseparable part of me. Since then, the central government has never given up the management of Xinjiang.
Lesson 4 Sino-Japanese War Sino-Japanese War
Teaching objectives
Through the study of this lesson, students can understand the general situation of the Sino-Japanese War: the purpose of Japan's war; Why is it called the Sino-Japanese War? Yellow Sea naval battle; Lushun fell; Ahava was defeated. The main content and influence of treaty of shimonoseki between China and Japan. The heroic deeds of the people of Taiwan Province province against Japanese colonial rule.
With the help of teachers, let students tell the heroic deeds of Deng Shichang in the Yellow Sea naval battle, so as to train and cultivate students' oral expression ability; By guiding students to compare the contents of treaty of nanking and treaty of shimonoseki, it is analyzed that treaty of shimonoseki has greatly deepened the semi-colonial degree of China, thus cultivating students' comprehensive analytical ability.
Through the study of this lesson, students can understand that the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 was an aggressive war deliberately provoked by Japanese imperialism to annex Korea and invade China. In the battle, patriotic officers and men represented by Deng Shichang fought bravely and tenaciously against aggression. They are national heroes in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. The Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 ended in China's failure because of the corruption of the Qing government, the compromise and concession of the decision-making group and the slack and backwardness of armaments. The signing of treaty of shimonoseki greatly deepened the semi-colonization of Japanese society.
Teaching focus
Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 and treaty of shimonoseki
Teaching difficulties
1894- 1895 the nature of the sino-Japanese war, the reasons for China's defeat and the influence of treaty of shimonoseki.
teaching method
1. Guide students to consult relevant historical materials, help students obtain effective information and deepen their understanding of relevant contents. 2. Help students improve their ability to analyze problems by guiding them to compare and analyze the contents of treaty of shimonoseki and treaty of nanking.
Teaching AIDS: video, teaching courseware, wall chart.
blackboard-writing design
teaching process
1. When introducing a new class, the teacher can design such an introduction to render the atmosphere: "Students, the Chinese nation is not only a great nation, but also a nation that has suffered many disasters. On the shame column of modern history, how many China people's blood and tears are engraved and how many cruel historical facts are recorded. Which one is not thought-provoking and inspiring? Which word is not inspiring and fascinating? Let's turn over the picture of history, go back to the historical period of the Sino-Japanese War, appreciate the blood and tears of the nation, and review the painful experience and lessons. Today, we are going to learn the fourth lesson, the Sino-Japanese War. " This introduction created a strong atmosphere from the beginning, and students' thinking developed with the development of teaching. The two questions not only summarized the last lesson, but also paved the way for the following, which played a connecting role.
2. The Yellow Sea War is the focus of this lesson, including three aspects: First, the purpose and name of Japan's war is the Sino-Japanese War. The second is the course of the Yellow Sea War. The third is the result of the Yellow Sea War. Teachers can show important clips of the movie "Wu Jia Storm" first, and then let the students who have prepared the story before class give a speech to highlight Deng Shichang's deeds. After the students finished speaking, the teacher made a summary. Please pay attention to the relevant maps and pictures.
3. After the Yellow Sea War, Li Hongzhang, in order to preserve the strength of his faction, ordered beiyang fleet to "protect the ship from the war" and hide in the Ahava military port, and was not allowed to patrol the sea to meet the enemy. In this way, the sea control of the Yellow Sea was controlled by the Japanese fleet, and then China was attacked by the Japanese sea and land. The teacher briefly tells the battle of Liaodong Peninsula, focusing on the fall of Lushun and the Lushun massacre, and guides the students to read the fine print. The teacher explained Ahava's rout again, pointing out that beiyang fleet was completely annihilated in World War I in Ahava.
4. treaty of shimonoseki is one of the key points of this lesson. The following three questions should be explained in turn: 1. The signing time of treaty of shimonoseki (1895) and the representatives of both sides (Li Hongzhang and Ito Bowen) require students to memorize it. Secondly, the main content of treaty of shimonoseki is divided into four points, which require students to understand and remember. With regard to the "triple intervention", students can be guided to read the fine print in the textbook without the teacher's explanation. Thirdly, combined with the main contents of treaty of shimonoseki, this paper analyzes its influence on China: First, Liaodong Peninsula is the gateway of Beiyang, which is surrounded by the Bohai Sea with Shandong Peninsula, and the southern end is Lushun military port, which directly threatens the security of Beijing and Tianjin. Taiwan Province Province is the largest island along the coast of China, including more than 70 islands, Penghu Islands and other large and small islands. Facing Fujian across the Taiwan Province Strait, it has extremely important strategic position and economic value. Japanese occupation of Taiwan Province Province is not only a treasure house for plundering resources, but also a base for invading the southeast coastal provinces of China. Second, the huge compensation of 200 million taels of silver has seriously damaged China's finance and greatly increased the burden on the people of China. The fiscal revenue of the Qing government at that time was less than 92 million a year. In order to compensate, in addition to stepping up the search for people, we have to borrow harsh "foreign debts." This huge indemnity is equivalent to more than three times Japan's annual income, of which 85% is used by the Japanese government for military expenses. Japan developed rapidly into military imperialism and became one of the main enemies of China's aggression. Third, opening Shashi, Chongqing, Suzhou and Hangzhou as commercial ports has facilitated Japanese and other imperialist countries to plunder the richest Yangtze River basin in China, especially the wealth in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. Fourthly, the treaty stipulates that Japanese factories can be located at trading ports, which facilitates the export of imperialist capital to China. Since then, the imperialist powers have obtained the right to directly invest and set up factories in China, exploited cheap labor and plundered raw materials, which seriously hindered the development of China's nascent national industry. In a word, the signing of treaty of shimonoseki greatly deepened the semi-colonization of China society. Since then, imperialism has set off a frenzy to carve up China, and the national crisis in China is unprecedented.
5. 1895 someone wrote such a couplet: "Taiwan Province Province has been returned to Japan, and the Summer Palace has put up a canopy." Let the students think: Taiwan Province Province is the territory of China, why is it "now Japanese"? "The Summer Palace has a ceiling again", why? What do these two things mean when they are linked together? It is pointed out that the capitulators headed by Nalashi and Li Hongzhang covet peace, and what is the "longevity festival" when the country is in crisis? How can this handful of people be invincible in governing the country?
6. Instruct students to read relevant materials about the people's anti-Japanese war in Taiwan Province Province headed by Xu Xiang, and attack the "Taiwan independence" in Taiwan Province Province today.