1. The Analects is a record of Confucius' words and deeds by Confucius and his disciples, with 2 articles, including Confucius' conversations, answering disciples' questions and talking with each other, which is the main material for studying Confucius' thoughts at present.
2. Mencius was written by Mencius and his disciples Zhang Wan and Gong Sunchou during the Warring States Period. It was originally eleven articles, but there are seven existing ones, which recorded the political, educational, philosophical and ethical ideas and political activities of Mencius and his disciples.
3. Daxue is an article in the Book of Rites, with more than 2, words. It is said that it was written by Mencius, but it is not true according to the examination. It is about a Confucian work in the Qin and Han Dynasties. It puts forward items such as respecting things, knowing knowledge, sincerity, integrity, self-cultivation, keeping the family in order, governing the country, and calming the world, which has become the basic program for later Neo-Confucians to talk about ethics, politics and philosophy.
4. The Doctrine of the Mean is also an article in the Book of Rites, with more than 4, words. According to legend, it is the work of Zi Si during the Warring States Period, which affirms that the Doctrine of the Mean is the highest standard of moral behavior, regards honesty as the noumenon of the world, and puts forward the learning process and cognitive methods of "being knowledgeable, interrogating, thinking carefully, distinguishing clearly and persevering".
the second and fifth classics refer to the Book of Songs, Shangshu, Book of Rites, Zhouyi and Chunqiu. It is called "Poetry, Book, Ceremony, Book of Changes, Spring and Autumn Period" for short. Actually, it should have been the Six Classics, and there is also a Book of Music, which is collectively called "Poetry, Book, Ceremony, Music, Book of Changes, Spring and Autumn Period". However, the Book of Music died out in the war at the end of Qin Dynasty, leaving only the Five Classics.
1. The Book of Songs is the earliest collection of poems in China, with * * * 35 pieces, which are divided into three categories: Feng, Ya and Ode. It is generally a work from the early Zhou Dynasty to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period, compiled in the Spring and Autumn Period and produced in Shaanxi, Jin, Henan, Shandong and Hubei today.
2. The Book of History, also known as the Book of Books, is a compilation of China's ancient historical documents and some works tracing ancient deeds, which is said to have been compiled by Confucius.
3. The Book of Rites, also known as The Book of Rites for Little Wear and The Book of Little Wear, is said to have been written by seventy-two disciples of Confucius and their students, and compiled by Dai Sheng, a ritual scientist in the Western Han Dynasty. It mainly records the ritual system in the pre-Qin Dynasty, and embodies the philosophical and educational thoughts of the pre-Qin Confucian outlook on heaven, the world and life (such as personal cultivation, education system, teaching methods, etc.
Rite, Music and Shooting
4. The Book of Changes is the Book of Changes, also referred to as the Book of Changes. Germinated in the Yin and Zhou Dynasties and completed in the Warring States Period or the Qin and Han Dynasties, it is not out of one person's hands for a while. Through the form of gossip, it is speculated that the interaction between Yin and Yang forces is the root of all things, which is full of simple dialectical views.
5. The Spring and Autumn Annals is a chronological history of the Spring and Autumn Annals. This book records the major events of more than 2 years from the year of Lu Yin to the fourteenth year of Lu Aigong. According to legend, it was compiled and revised by Confucius according to the Spring and Autumn Annals compiled by the historian of Lu State.
There are two kinds of views on three or six arts
1. The first one is the six basic abilities that China ancient Confucianism required students to master, including courtesy, music, archery, command, calligraphy and numeracy (courtesy means etiquette, music means music, shooting means shooting and riding, command means driving a carriage, book means calligraphy, and number means counting).
Yu, Shu and Shu
2. There is also a saying that the six arts are interpreted as six classics, namely, The Book of Changes, Shangshu, The Book of Songs, The Book of Rites, Yue Jing and Chunqiu.
The Four Books, Five Classics and Six Arts have exerted immeasurable influence on social norms, interpersonal communication, social culture and other aspects. They represent the glory of Chinese traditional culture, are required books for the introduction of Chinese studies, are the only choice for strengthening personal cultural accomplishment, and are also valuable materials for studying ancient history.