Tao Yuanming was the most outstanding poet in the Han, Wei, Southern and Northern Dynasties. There are 125 existing pottery poems, including 9 four-character poems and 6 five-character poems11. Wen Tao has 12 articles today, including 3 poems, 5 rhymes and 4 essays. Tao Yuanming's poems are sincere, simple and natural, and sometimes reveal Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi's thoughts of escaping from reality and taking pleasure in knowing life. So, Tao Yuanming has? Pastoral poet? Known as. His poems can be divided into three categories: drinking poems, chanting poems and pastoral poems. Tao Yuanming is the first poet in the history of China literature who wrote a large number of drinking poems.
Tao Yuanming has the largest number of pastoral poems and the highest achievements. This kind of poetry fully shows the poet's lofty interest in disdaining fame and fortune and his noble integrity in keeping his ambition; It fully shows the poet's extreme hatred and complete break with the dark officialdom; It fully shows the poet's love for simple rural life, his understanding of labor and his friendly feelings for working people. It fully shows the poet's pursuit and yearning for the ideal world. Tao Yuanming is the pioneer of pastoral poetry. His pastoral poetry, with its simple and natural language and lofty artistic conception, opened up a new world for China poetry and directly influenced the pastoral poetry school in Tang Dynasty.
The society that Tao Yuanming yearns for is a society that is peaceful, self-cultivation, without competition, hypocrisy, mutual oppression and harm; The pursuit of life is simple and sincere, indifferent and lofty, and there is nothing to ask for; The favorite living environment is also a quiet and natural country. As a result of these pursuits, most of his pastoral poems present a faded, peaceful, broad and distant appearance, but behind them are full of hatred and anxiety about the real society and anxiety about the shortness and insensitivity of life.
Of course, Tao Yuanming was, after all, a scholar-bureaucrat who lived in the feudal society more than a thousand years ago. In his thoughts and poems, many negative things cannot be avoided, such as poverty, eating, drinking and avoiding the world. However, due to his class preference, literary critics and poets of later generations pay more attention to appreciating and praising his characteristics in this respect, which is regarded as the essence of Tao Yuanming's poetry.
Peach Blossom Garden is one of Tao Yuanming's representative works. Written in the second year of Yongchuan (42 1), it depicts a paradise. Based on the whereabouts of Wuling fishermen in and out of the Peach Blossom Garden, this paper depicts a society without class, exploitation, self-sufficiency, peace and tranquility, and everyone enjoys himself.
Gui Xi Ci is a famous prose piece written by Tao Yuanming in the first year of Yixi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (405), which represents the highest achievement of the pastoral school.
Tao Yuanming's position in the history of China literature has not been fully affirmed and recognized in the decades after his death. Xiao Tong, Prince Zhaoming of Liang Dynasty, attached great importance to Tao Yuanming's poems and couldn't put it down. Xiao Tong personally compiled, prefaced and biographied Tao Yuanming. The Collection of Tao Yuanming is the first collection of literary works by scholars in the history of China literature, which is of great significance.
Tao Yuanming's immortal poems and great personality have influenced the thoughts and creations of several generations of literati, such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi, Su Dongpo and Xin Qiji, and made inestimable contributions to the development and prosperity of China literature.
Like Li Bai? Oh, how can I bow and scrape to those in high places and those in high places? Thought, and Tao Yuanming? Don't bend over for five dou meters? Spirit comes down in one continuous line. After the Anshi Rebellion, Du Fu lived a wandering life, taking Tao Yuanming as his confidant. In a Letter to Father Yin Wei, he wrote: Relaxation should be wine, not poetry. This meaning is implicit, I will be born after you. ?
Su Dongpo, a poet in the Song Dynasty, spoke highly of Tao Qian. At first glance, Yuan Ming's poems seem scattered and slow, but they are familiar strange sentences. ? Only when the rate is high, the meaning is far-reaching, the meaning is wonderful, and the language is refined can it be like this. Like a great craftsman, you can't see the trace of an axe? . Su Dongpo wrote 109 poems on pottery, which shows the deep influence of Tao Yuanming on Su Dongpo.
One of Tao Yuanming's favorite things in his life is wine and the other is chrysanthemum, both of which are outstanding.
The idioms used in Tao Yuanming's poems are: Xanadu, suddenly enlightened, traffic in different places, yellow hair hanging down, falling in love with the British, enjoying themselves, and hearing that chickens and dogs are restless, neglected and isolated from the world.
? Don't bend over for five dou meters? The allusion comes from: Book of Jin? Tao Qian biography:? God sighed:? Five buckets of rice can't bend over, boxing is a matter for the villains in the village! ?
Appreciation of famous poems and sentences;
Flat land, houses (sh? Yan Yan (yn) certainly has fertile fields, beautiful ponds, mulberry trees and bamboo. Money (qiān) (m? ) traffic, chickens and dogs hear each other. Among them, farming, men's and women's clothing (Zhu? ) as an outsider. Yellow hair drooping (ti? O), have fun.
? the Peach Garden
Back in Xi, will the countryside destroy Hu Bugui? Since the heart is the form of service, isn't it sad? People who can catch up without admonishing the past; Not far from being lost, I feel that today is not yesterday. The ship is far away and the wind is blowing. Asking for directions, ex-husband, hate dawn.
? Come home, Xi word
Mr. Wang doesn't know who he is or what his last name is. There are five willows near the house because they think they are numbered. Quiet, quiet, don't be greedy. Good reading, not asking for a solution; Whenever I know something, I will happily forget to eat. If you are addicted to alcohol, poverty may not be available. You can know when you are getting old, or you can buy wine. If you drink, you will get drunk. Since I retired drunk, I have not hesitated to stay. The ring is bare and can't cover the windy days; A short brown knot, an empty ladle, sudden silence! I often amuse myself by writing articles, which shows my ambition. Regardless of gains and losses, die because of it.
Like:? Qian Lou's wife has a proverb: Don't worry about poverty and don't rely on wealth. ? Is his words true? Take pleasure in writing poems. What about people who are not pregnant? GM Shi Tian's people?
? Biography of Mr. Wu Liu
Won the chaos of heaven. Sages avoid the world. Huang Qi's "The Good". The Iraqis died, too.
? Peach Blossom Garden Poetry
Few people do as the Romans do. Their nature is to love nature. I sneaked into the official career network and have been away from the game for more than ten years.
Birds in cages are often attached to the forests of the past, and fish in ponds yearn for the abyss of the past. I want to open up wasteland in Minamino and keep my humility to the fields.
? Back to the garden, the first part
I planted beans at the foot of Nanshan, and the weeds in the field were covered with peas. Get up early in the morning to get rid of weeds, and come back with hoes in the moonlight at night.
? Back to the Garden House (3)
Abandon the city for a lifetime, really. Life seems illusory, and eventually it will be empty.
? The fourth part of Return to the Garden
Teachers have a legacy and are not poor. It's hard to see the future, but hard work is hard.
? The spring of Guimao began to miss Tian She.
Decline and glory are uncertain, and each other is more * * *.
Shaosheng's Gua Tian is better than Dongling's!
Both hot and cold have metabolism, and that's human nature.
? Drinking, the first part
Good luck is rewarded, and Uncle Yi is in Xishan.
If good and evil should not, what is empty!
? Drinking (Part Two)
I refuse to drink, but I care about the name of the world.
So, isn't your body living?
? The third part is drinking
Building a house is human, and there are no horses and chariots.
What can you do? The heart is far from being self-centered.
Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, you can see Nanshan leisurely.
The mountains are getting better and better, and the birds are back.
That makes sense. I forgot what I wanted to say.
? The fifth part is drinking
There are so many things, who knows right and wrong.
Contrast between right and wrong, and ruin the reputation.
? Drinking (Part VI)
In the past, I traveled all over the world until the corner of the East China Sea.
It's a long way to go, Xiu Yuan, and wind and rain hinder the road.
? Part 10 Drinking
Although I left my name, my life withered.
You never know when you will die, but you'd better be content.
? Drinking (part 11)
I didn't know I was there, so I knew things were precious.
Because of its lingering charm, this wine has a deep taste.
? Drinking (14)
Where the universe is, life is as little as one hundred.
Time is pressing, and the temples are already white.
It would be a pity if a poor man was not appointed.
? Part 15 "Drinking"
What is the crime of poetry and calligraphy? Once turned to dust.
Just old people, sincere and diligent about things.
How beautiful? Six people have no relatives.
Driving all day, I can't see what I want.
If you don't drink quickly, empty the headscarf.
But hate is even more fallacious, so forgive my intoxicating.
? Drinking, part 20
People live and die. Sooner or later, it's not fate.
Yesterday and yesterday, I was the same person. Dan is in the ghost record today.
What is soul-qi dispersion? Dry and empty wood.
A lovely child cried from his father. My good friend caressed me and cried.
The gains and losses are unknown. Right and wrong can be felt.
Long live the Millennium. Who knows honor or disgrace?
But I hated it when I was alive. Drinking is not enough.
? The first of three elegies.
Relatives or sadness. Others have sung it.
What's the way to die? It's still that mountain.
? "Three Elegies" (3)
Like to drink spring wine. Pick vegetables from my garden.
Light rain comes from the east. Smooth sailing.
? One of the Thirteen Poems of Reading Shan Hai Jing
It has existed since ancient times. Who gets the primate?
Never die or get old. Long live as usual.
? Reading Eight of Thirteen Poems in Shan Hai Jing
Life has no roots. Floating on strangers like dust.
Blown away by the wind This is very unusual.
Landing like brothers. Why flesh and blood.
Be happy if you are happy. Fight for wine and live next door.
Never come back when you are in your prime. It was hard to wake up one day.
Be encouraged in time. You may delay, but time will not.
? One of the twelve miscellaneous poems
Glory can't last long. The ups and downs are immeasurable.
It used to be triple-reed. Today is Qiulian Room.
? Twelve Miscellaneous Poems (3)
The sun and the moon refused to be late. The four seasons are pressing.
The cold wind blew the withered strips. The fallen leaves covered the stranger.
? The seventh of twelve miscellaneous poems
The wind blows from the west. Drifting eastward to the clouds.
Mountains and rivers are thousands of miles away. It's hard to talk and laugh.
A good talent won't hide it from the world. How cheap and poor the Jianghu is.
Take off and pass by. Reading saves old friends.
? A farewell poem by Yin Jin 'an
Once resigned, the official returned. Being poor is a bit difficult.
Hungry wife. Tears flow to me.
Although the husband is ambitious. Children's real worries.
? Seven Poems for the Poor (7)
Eat sheep's tail first when you are hungry. Drink easily when you are thirsty.
I don't know anyone Only see the ancient hills.
Two high graves by the roadside. Boya and Zhuang Zhou.
This scholar is hard to get again. What do I want?
? Eight of Nine Quasi-ancient Poems