Literary period: literature of Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties
Metaphysical poetry is a school of poetry in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Representative writers are Sun Chuo, Xu Xun and Geng Liang. Huan Wen et al; Its characteristic is that Hyunri entered poetry, and regarded poetry as a sermon and annotation of Laozi and Zhuangzi's philosophy, which was seriously divorced from social life. Zhong Rongshi: "In Yongjia, you are old and yellow, but you are a little empty talk. What was written, said and said at that time was chicken ribs. Therefore, on the river, microwaves are still spreading. Sun Chuo, Huan and Geng's poems are all moral, while Jian 'an's poems are exhausted. At the beginning of metaphysics and Cao Wei, the representative figures were He Bi, who advocated that "everything is based on inaction". Later, Ruan Ji and Ji Kang followed suit, saying that writing and poetry were "far-reaching", but they never commented on current events and belittled people. "Metaphysicists in the early Western Jin Dynasty were mainly Xiang Xiu and Guo Xiang. Xiang Xiu wrote Zhuangzi's Note, "Invent curiosity and arouse the mysterious wind. "Metaphysics in Wei and Jin Dynasties is a variant of Confucian idealism philosophy under the new historical conditions. From the end of the Western Jin Dynasty to the Eastern Jin Dynasty, metaphysical thoughts invaded the field of literature, and metaphysical poems appeared. Sun Chuo and Xu Xun, the representatives of metaphysical poetry, are also called "Sun Xu". Zhong Rong in the Southern Dynasties wrote Poems in the Sun: "It is an indifferent word to call Sun and Xu in the world. "Metaphysical poetry once flourished, but most of them were eliminated. Sun Chuo (314-371), whose name is Xing Gong, was born in Zhongdu, Taiyuan. In his early years, he had the ambition to live in seclusion. He once wrote "Sui Chu Fu" to clarify his ambition. It was originally Zuo Lang's work, attacking Changle Hou. Later, Geng Liang, a general from the west, joined the army and was a doctor in imperial academy. He left to ride a formal servant and was in charge of Lang. The poem refers to the thoughts of Laozi and Zhuangzi, which is dry and has no sense of image. Today, there are poems such as Answering Xu Xun, Giving Xie An and Lanting. A few poems are fresh and indifferent, and have a certain sense of truth. Such as "Autumn Moon", "The sparse forest is cool and the clouds are empty. Zhan Lu sprinkled the forest in the courtyard, and the thick leaves resigned. The sorrow of the leaves falls first, and the pine climbs and then declines. "Very lively. Sun Chuo's Fu is also famous for its times. His masterpiece is Preface to Tour Tiantai Mountain. There is a saying that "Chicheng floats with banners and waterfalls cross the road", which is extremely fresh and beautiful. It is said that Sun Chuo is conceited in writing this article. " Sun Xinggong wrote "Tiantai Mountain Fu" to his friend Fan Rongqi, saying, "Your attempt to throw the ground is a golden sound. "(Biography of Sun Chuo in the Book of Jin) Prose includes the tablet of Prime Minister Wang Dao, the tablet of Taizai Zhai Jian, the tablet of Qiu Gengliang and the tablet of Geng Bing. Today, the collection of Sun Tingwei by Ming people has been passed down from generation to generation. Xu Xun, this word is mysterious, and life and death are unknown. Levin (now Hebei) was born. When I was a child, I was smart and called a child prodigy. I was long, simple and talented. I was once called a genus of Stuart, but I didn't. I have traveled with Wang Xizhi to the famous Huiji Mountain and participated in the Lanting Gathering. Five-character rhymes have a great reputation. Emperor Wentong once called his poems "Five-character Poems of Du Xuan", which can be described as wonderful. "(An Introduction to Shi Shuo Xin Yu Literature) Today, there is only one poem by a bamboo fan, with an inscription by Bai Chenwei. However, Xu's poems are actually perfunctory with metaphysical philosophy, "bland and tasteless" and his artistic achievements are not high.