Appreciation of Five Poems in Lesson 30 of Eight Texts

1, ad 4 16, emperor Wu of song mobilized the army of the whole country to crusade against the late Qin dynasty in five ways from east to west. First conquer Luoyang, and then recover the old capital of the Western Jin Dynasty. In the second year, we conquered Chang 'an. After a hundred years of vicissitudes, Chang 'an was finally recovered by the Jin Army. When the news reached the south of the Yangtze River, the ruling and opposition parties in the Eastern Jin Dynasty were jubilant. Emperor Wu of Song greatly expanded individual rights through the Northern Expedition. In order to please Emperor Wu of Song, the imperial court appointed Emperor Wu of Song as the prime minister, took charge of state affairs, made him Duke Song, and added nine tin to the ten counties of Shiyi, above the princes. Emperor Wu of song pretended to refuse. Everybody knows at a glance that the imperial court is in the hands of Emperor Wu of Song. If he wants something, the court has to give it to him by imperial decree. He wants to be a court, and today's court has to make way for him quickly, which is a matter of time. That autumn, Tao Yuanming was always unhappy. He has already seen through, the luck of the Eastern Jin Dynasty has been exhausted, and it is only a matter of time before Emperor Wu usurped the throne. He felt sad and depressed about it all day. As long as the Eastern Jin Dynasty exists, great-grandfather Tao Kan's achievements will be brilliant and shine on his country. Once the Eastern Jin Dynasty perished, it was written off. He also believes that everything is developing and changing, and the rise and fall, honor and disgrace are constantly changing alternately. As big as a country, as small as a family. It's no use worrying about these. Drink more wine and have a good sleep. As long as Tao Yuanming gets the wine, there is no night when he gets drunk without drinking it. He realized that life is as fleeting as lightning, so he should be frank and carefree. Maybe by drinking, I, Tao Yuanming, can go down in history. Became very poetic after being drunk, just take out a piece of paper and write down your feelings, and wait until you wake up the next day to modify and polish it. The poems written are getting thicker and thicker, so let my old friends help me sort out the transcription. A * * * got 20 poems, and Tao Yuanming named this group of poems "Twenty Poems on Drinking", the most famous one: building a house in a person's environment, but there are no chariots and horses. Ask what you can do, your heart is far from self-prejudice. Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, you can see Nanshan leisurely. The mountains are getting better and better, and the birds are back. That makes sense. I forgot what I wanted to say. This is the sixth of the twenty songs in Drinking. The main purpose of poetry is to show the poet's thinking process of understanding the "true meaning" by using the theory of "forgetting the image with pride" in Wei and Jin metaphysics, which is full of rational interest. However, it is not a boring philosophical deduction. The poem writes about carefree feelings and beautiful distant scenery. In the realm of scene blending, there is a philosophy that everything is in its place and entrusted for life. This philosophy is refined and condensed by the poet into epigrams such as "the heart is far away from oneself" and "the truth is inside", which gives readers rational enlightenment and makes the rhyme of the whole poem more beautiful and profound. In the Song Dynasty, Zhu said: "Although the figures in Jin and Song Dynasties are still lofty, they all want official positions. Here, they speak freely, and there, they demand rights and goods. Can Tao Yuanming really have it? This is higher than the figures in the Jin and Song Dynasties. " This poem is a sculpture of different spiritual characteristics of this poem. Unlike ordinary hermits, he flaunts that he was born outside the dust, but "building a house is based on human feelings"; He is in a "human environment", but he can achieve "no car and no horse" and not dye worldly things. What is the reason? The poet said meaningfully: "The heart is far from self-centered". Peace of mind, peace of mind If you don't seek fame and fortune, even if you live in a downtown area, it's like living in a deep mountain. This profound truth is plain and touching by the poet. Poetry skillfully uses symbolism. "The bird is tired of flying, but it knows it is back." The birds coming back in the evening photos are in harmony with the people who see the mountains leisurely, as if they all found their homes in this quiet mountain forest. Tao Yuanming's Drinking has 20 poems. This group of poems was not written after drinking, but the poet's dissatisfaction with reality and love for rural life on the topic of drinking, in order to escape persecution through drunkenness in a very sinister environment at that time. In the twentieth "Drinking", he wrote that "it is more fallacious to hate, so be lenient", which shows his good intentions. This is the fifth one. This poem is based on emotion and melts into the scenery, writing the carefree mood of the poet after retiring to the countryside. The artistic conception of this poem can be divided into two layers, and the first four sentences are one layer. The poet's mood after getting rid of secular troubles shows his thoughts and feelings of despising officialdom and not colluding with the rulers. The last six sentences are on the first floor, which describes the beautiful night scene of Nanshan and the infinite fun that poets get from it. It shows the poet's true feelings and noble personality of loving rural life. 2, Jinbei famous wine per barrel 1000 yuan; The exquisite dishes in the jade plate are worth 10 thousand yuan. I feel depressed in my chest. You can't eat without drinking. Draw your sword and look around, my heart is really at a loss. Want to cross the Yellow River, ice and snow blocked the river; If you want to climb Taihang Mountain, the vast snow has already closed the mountain. Like Lu Shang fishing Bixi, waiting for an opportunity to make a comeback; Like Yi Yin's dream, he sailed through Japan. How difficult it is to travel in the world, how difficult it is; With so many roads in front of me, should I go from north to south? I believe that one day, I can ride the wind and waves; Hang Yun Fan high and move forward in the sea! The characteristics of this poem are as follows: 1. At the beginning of the narrative, Bao Zhao, a poet in Liu and Song Dynasties, used the beginning of the sixth poem, "You can't eat fruit, draw a sword and strike a column with a sigh", and wrote a feast of "Golden sake" and "Jade dishes and delicacies" with exaggerated brushwork, but the poet stopped drinking, threw away chopsticks, drew a sword and couldn't drink, and was at a loss. His mood is different from that of quasi-it's difficult to go. The poet wants to "cross the Yellow River and climb Taihang Mountain", but "ice blocks the river and snow covers mountains and rivers", which symbolizes the hardships of life and contains infinite grief and indignation. Although the road to reality is bumpy, the dream is still there and the ideal is still there. The poet thought that Lu had been fishing in Panxi in Weishui until he met King Wen. Before Yi Yin was hired by a businessman, he dreamed of going through the sun and the moon by boat. Lu Shang and Yi Yin finally realized their wishes. These two allusions express that poets should be as successful as they are. Frankly speaking, the poet's long-cherished wish of "saving the world" has never been realized, so he lamented "It's hard to go! The journey is very hard and there are many roads. Is it safe now? " At the end of the poem, this allusion is used to express one's political ambition, just like Zong Yi. Wake up in depression and believe that you will have time to display your talents. The meaning of each word: golden urn, jade plate-exquisite tableware. Sake and delicacies-extremely rare wine and delicacies. Spell 1000 yuan, straight 10000 yuan-the most precious words of dining tables. Abstaining from drinking, not eating, drawing a sword, at a loss-the author is depressed and angry. The Yellow River is frozen and Taihang Mountain is covered with snow-the title "Difficult to Walk" breaks the wind and waves, and Yun Fan helps the sea-using allusions to show that the author is very optimistic and confident. The function of borrowing historical stories in the poem: Borrowing the allusions of Bixi, a fishing place of Shandong merchants, and Dream Boat of Yi Yin, I dreamed that I could trust and reuse the rulers like the ancients one day and build a great cause. When his thoughts came back to reality again, he still felt the hardships of life. Looking forward to the future, I only feel that the road ahead is rugged and there are many detours. Where is the road? Question 1: What keeps poets from eating "golden wine" and "jade dishes"? Li Bai is about to leave. Out of deep affection for him, friends gave a banquet to see him off. But he picked up the glass and pushed it away, picked up the chopsticks and put them down again. He left the party and looked around, at a loss. Because of heavy melancholy and deep grief and indignation, the poet could not swallow or eat wine. Because the traitor blocked the road to virtue, the poet was sad and depressed. Question 2: What kind of ambition does the last sentence of the poem express? Even though the road ahead is steep and diverse, the poet believes that one day, he will cross the sea and reach the other side of the ideal. It highlights his heroism and optimism that he is ready to break through all obstacles and display his ambitions. This is the strongest sound he sings. Question 3: How does this poem reflect Li Bai's romantic poetic style? 1 ingenious use of historical stories, exaggerated descriptions and figurative metaphors, and jumping structure. The whole poem consists of 14 sentences with 82 words, which can only be regarded as a short story in the seven-character line, but it has a long momentum pattern. One of the important reasons is that he revealed the ups and downs and complex changes of the poet's feelings with a hundred steps. 3. This is Du Fu's song of self-injury and poverty. In the autumn and August of the second year of last Yuan Dynasty (76 1), the roaring autumn wind swept away the thatch on the thatched cottage next to Du Fu's Huanhuaxi, and it rained cats and dogs at night, so the house leaked and the bed was wet. Faced with this tragic situation, Du Fu not only lamented his own experience, but also further thought about when all the "poor people in the world" like himself could get rid of their suffering. This noble feeling of caring for the country and the people and putting others before oneself has always been praised by people. This is an ancient poem. Sentence patterns are uneven in length and rhyme changes many times, giving people a sense of unevenness and twists and turns, which is helpful to express a bumpy life and a sad and depressed mood. "Poetry of Tang and Song Dynasties" says: "Writing directly, seeing the power of the pen, is extremely boring. Speaking of which, there will be an uproar and a collection of pens. If the dragon loses its tail, it's not just this old brain. If it is not this meaning, poetry can't be done. " 4. This poem expresses the feelings of seeing guests off at the Great Wall and among the guests, but it is not sad and full of whimsy. Romantic ideals and strong feelings make people feel that the snowstorm beyond the Great Wall has become an object worth pondering and appreciating. The magnificent picture of "like the strong wind in spring, coming at night, blowing open the petals of ten thousand pear trees" makes people seem to have returned to the south and seen the magnificent scene of pear blossoms. The joy in my heart can be imagined. "Until dusk, when the snow collapses our tent, our frozen red flag can't fly in the wind", and the bright red with white snow as the background outside the tent is more harmonious with the snow scene. It is a little warm color and warmth on the cool color picture, which also makes the picture more flexible. The whole poem is rich in connotation, distinctive and unique in artistic conception, and has a strong artistic appeal. 5. Ji Hai's miscellaneous poems are clear. Gong Zizhen is terrible and tragic, and his whip points to the horizon. I quit my job and go home, just like a flower falling from a branch, but this is not a heartless thing. It can be turned into the soil of spring and can also play a role in nurturing the next generation. Word note: mighty: describing deep and wide worries; Whip: that is, the whip makes a sound; Falling red: falling flowers. English: I looked down at the sunset with sadness, and have been wandering around the world ever since. Falling flowers still have feelings and intentions, and turn into spring mud to cultivate new flowers. Background: Late Qing Dynasty, ruling corruption. The problems of talent and thought make the poet sad. In this case, he wrote a series of poems. This poem expresses his willingness to sacrifice himself for his country. Fourth, detailed explanation: Source: Gong Zizhen's Poetry in the Sea. Gong Zizhen (1792— 184 1), born in Renhe, Zhejiang (now Hangzhou), was born in Zuo Ren. Politicians and writers. Poetry is full of momentum, including the complete works of Gong Zizhen. Literally, flowers are not heartless things, but fall into the soil and become green manure, which can also feed flowers. The author takes flowers as a metaphor, which means that although the situation is difficult, the loyalty to serve the country remains unchanged; I believe its Gao Shangzhi Festival will attract the younger generation. This great sentiment of "sacrificing the ego and achieving the big ego" is awe-inspiring. This is better than Mahayana compassion and eternal altruism; Whether it is blooming flowers, falling flowers, or the soil on the ground, it is actually an organic whole, but it is in different positions with different fates.