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To Yu Zi?
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Textbook selection:?
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To Yu Zi?
Poetry appreciation?
The author's life?
Historical records expand poetry appreciation?
Reading to your son on winter nights? ?
Read to my son on winter nights.
(Song) Lu You?
The ancients learned nothing.
Young people never grow old. ? What you get on paper is always superficial.
Never knew it needed doing. ?
Edit the comment 1 in this paragraph, which means: instruction and explanation. ?
2. Yu Zi? ): the youngest son. ?
3, learning: refers to reading and learning, which means learning. ?
4. Legacy: Reservation?
5. Spare no effort: use all your strength, without reservation, spare no effort and do your best. ?
6, young and strong: adolescence. ?
7. Time: Time spent (doing things). ?
8. beginning: only. ?
Paper: books. ?
9. End: After all. ?
10, feeling: feeling, feeling. ?
1 1, shallow: less. ?
12, awareness: a thorough understanding. ?
13, line: practice. ?
14, bow (g not Gūng) line: personal practice. ?
Edit this textbook: two ancient poems in lesson 22 of the sixth grade of primary school (lesson 65438 +0 lesson 65438 +0)?
Beijing Normal University Edition, Grade Five, Volume One Unit 6 Chinese World?
The first semester of Chinese poetry in the last semester of Grade 8 (1 1)?
The ancients always studied hard, and they were willing to work hard until they were old when they were young. ?
The knowledge gained from books is superficial after all. If you want to understand this knowledge thoroughly, you must practice it yourself. ?
Edit the author of this paragraph?
Lu you
Lu You (1125—1210) is famous for his word service concept. Han nationality, Yinshan Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang) people. Poets in Southern Song Dynasty. When he was a teenager, he was influenced by patriotic thoughts in his family. When Gaozong was a teenager, he should try to do this, which was appreciated by Qin Gui. Filial piety makes a scholar. Middle-aged into Shu, devoted to military life, the official to Baozhangge to be built. In his later years, he retired from his hometown, but his belief in recovering the Central Plains remained unchanged. He wrote many poems, including more than 9,000 poems, which are extremely rich in content. Express political ambitions, reflect the sufferings of the people, and be unconstrained; Describing daily life is also a new work. The amount of words is not as large as that of poems, but it runs through the patriotic spirit of swallowing the remnants like poems. Yang Shen said that the beauty of his ci was similar to that of Qin Guan and that of Su Shi. He is the author of Poems of Jiannan, Collected Works of Weinan, Book of Southern Tang Dynasty, Notes of Old Xuean, etc. The eldest son Lu, the second son Lu Zilong, the third son, the fourth son Lu, the fifth son Lu, the sixth son Lu and the seventh son Lu. ? Author 2?
Lu You (1125-1210), a famous poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, was born in Yin Shan, Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). He wrote nearly 10,000 poems in his life, as well as a large number of words and essays, among which poetry was the highest achievement. Most of his early poems were patriotic, criticizing capitulationism, advocating anti-Japanese, killing the enemy, recovering the homeland, unifying China, being impassioned and bold; Most of the poems of later generations are idyllic, fresh and elegant, simple and natural, and are known as "Little Taibai"?
Edit the theme of this paragraph, "Reading in Winter Night to Show Yu Zi", and tell people to have perseverance and perseverance in learning by writing about Lu You's education of his son Yu Zi. A person who has both book knowledge and practical spirit is a truly learned person. ?
Editor's Interpretation of this paragraph In the fifth year of Song Ningzong's family celebration, that is, at the end of 1 199, Lu You wrote a poem "Reading on a Winter Night". ? This is a very famous poem. In this poem, on the one hand, the poet emphasizes the need to study persistently and work hard as early as possible, so as to avoid "the young don't work hard and the old are sad", and it will be too late to regret anything in the future. On the other hand, it is emphasized that the study effort should be "where", which is also the secret of learning, that is, don't be satisfied with literal understanding, but practice in practice and deepen understanding in practice. Only in this way can we turn the knowledge in books into our practical skills. ? On the relationship between books and practice, the poet emphasizes the importance of practice, which accords with the viewpoint of materialist epistemology. This view of the author is not only a valuable experience for people to learn and seek knowledge in feudal society, but also enlightening for people today. ?
This poem is a philosophical poem, written in the fifth year of Qingyuan in Ningzong (1 199). There are only four short sentences in the whole poem, which are catchy to read, profound in artistic conception and memorable. ?
Edit this passage to Lu You's child Yuzi. On a cold winter night, Lu You indulged in his study and liked reading poetry books. Outside the window, the north wind roared with cold air, but the poet forgot all about it. In the silent night, he couldn't restrain his surging emotions. He resolutely wrote eight poems, Reading on a Winter Night for Your Children, and gave them to his son affectionately. This is the third poem handed down through the ages. ?
In the first two sentences of the poem, the author said that the ancients always tried their best to study. Only by redoubling your efforts as a teenager can you achieve something in the future. He started with learning from the ancients, Kan Kan said, which made people feel cordial and fresh, like a spring breeze. Among them, the word "not working hard" describes the diligence and indefatigability of the ancients in learning, which is vivid. The second sentence expounds the principle of perseverance in learning, and also emphasizes the importance of "youthful". He earnestly warned his son to seize the good opportunity, work hard while he was young, and don't let his youth go to waste. This is serious and affectionate. ? In the last two sentences of the poem, the author talks about the superficial knowledge gained from books, and only through personal practice can it become his own thing. Starting from the relationship between book knowledge and social practice, he emphasized the importance of practice and highlighted his extraordinary opinions. "Practice" has two meanings: one is to practice in the process of learning, and strive to achieve "mouth-to-mouth, hand-to-hand", which is a kind of "practice" of scholars; The other is practical knowledge, which is used for one's own use. The author's intention is very obvious, aiming at encouraging his son not to be unilaterally satisfied with book knowledge, but to consolidate and further sublimate in practice. His unique insights are valuable experience not only in ancient times, but also in modern times when technology is changing with each passing day. ?
Edit this poem and appreciate it. It's a godson poem. Yuzi, the poet's youngest son, wants to tell his son the truth of learning. The first sentence is a compliment to the hard-working spirit of the ancients. "Heritage" means to keep. "Don't work hard", don't keep, go all out. The second sentence is about the difficulty of learning. Only by starting from teenagers, developing good study habits and laying a good foundation, and after decades of hard work, can we finally achieve something. Otherwise, it can only be "young people don't work hard, and the boss is sad." This is to warn my son with the spirit of hard work and the arduousness of learning: learning must have the spirit of perseverance and perseverance. In the last two sentences, the poet further pointed out the importance of practical experience. "From paper" refers to book knowledge. "Never know about it" is to really catch the inside story. "Practice" refers to personal practice and seeing is believing. It is important to study knowledge tirelessly and persistently, but it is not enough, because it is only book knowledge and a summary of previous practical experience. Whether it can meet the situation here and now remains to be tested by practice. A person who has both book knowledge and practical experience is truly learned. ? Of course, I can't be satisfied with the contents of this incomplete book. ?
This poem wins by thought and philosophy, and lets us learn from rational speculation. Reading Yu Zi on a Winter Night: The ancients devoted all their resources to learning. The efforts made in adolescence are often successful when they are old, and the knowledge gained from books is still imperfect after all. To understand it deeply, you must practice it yourself. ?
Editor's life: Lu You studied tirelessly since childhood, and he was only able to write poetry when he was 12 years old. In the life experience of suffering from chaos, he was deeply educated in patriotism At the age of 20, she married Tang Wan and was forcibly separated by her mother. This kind of emotional pain lasts for a lifetime, and the famous works such as Hairpin Phoenix and Shenyuan are all for this reason. In the 23rd year of Shaoxing (A.D. 1 153), he went to Lin 'an to take the Jinshi exam and got the first place, while Qin Gui's grandson Qin Mang got the second place. He was furious and wanted to be an examiner. Twenty-four years (A.D. 1 154), I took the examination of the Ministry of Rites, and the examiner once again ranked Lu You ahead of Qin Yu, but Qin Gui fired me. In the 28th year (A.D. 1 158), Qin Gui died, and Lu You became the master book of Ningde County in Fuzhou. After Xiaozong ascended the throne in A.D. 1 163, he won a scholar by Lu You's good words and familiar allusions. He has served as editor, editor, censor, judge, appeaser, senator and magistrate of the Privy Council. In the second year (A.D. 1 175), Lu You was invited to Fan Chengda Zhenshu as a Senate officer. In the fifth year of Xichun (A.D. 1 178), Lu You's poems became more and more famous and were summoned by Xiaozong, but they were not really reused. Xiaozong only sent him to Fuzhou and Jiangxi for two official missions to promote Changping tea and salt. In the autumn of six years (A.D. 1 179), Lu You promoted tea and salt business from Changping, Fujian, went to Jiangnan West Road to ask Lang to promote tea and salt business, and went to Fuzhou in December. On the one hand, he used a lot of energy to deal with all kinds of disputes and lawsuits caused by the bankruptcy of tea salt households after the official sale of tea salt, and forced them to take private sales and make trouble to resist; On the other hand, he wrote to the imperial court, advocating severe punishment of illegal officials who levied high tea salt taxes on tea salt households and took the opportunity to collect a large number of people's fat paste. In the seventh year of Xichun (A.D. 1 180), there was a drought in Fuzhou. In May, heavy rains and flash floods flooded large fields and villages, and floods rushed to the gate of Fuzhou City, making people hungry and cold. Lu you paid close attention to the development of the disaster and wrote: "Jiahe is like burning barnyard grass, so worried that he wants to forget his life." Jun Tianjiu played the poem "Xiao Shaole failed to reach the sound of rain on the empty eaves", and at the same time, he played "Allocating charity warehouses to help the people in all counties". Before obtaining the consent of the Southern Song government, he first allocated food from Yicang to the disaster area to relieve the hunger of the victims, then invited them to allocate food, ordered it to be distributed to local officials in Jiangxi, and visited Chongren, Fengcheng and Gao 'an to inspect the disaster situation. This move harmed the interests of the court. 1 1 month, he was recalled to Beijing to stand by. More than 100 prescriptions collected from the official tour before the trip were carefully selected, compiled into "Successive Prescriptions" and engraved into a book, which was left to the people of Jiangxi to express his heart for the people. On the way, Zhao Ru was disintegrated by the incident and was dismissed from his post and returned to his hometown on charges of "ultra vires". After Lu You lived at home for 6 years, I asked the doctor to know Yanzhou (now Meicheng Town, Jiande County, Zhejiang Province) in the spring of the 13th year (A.D. 1 186). The official went to Mo Bao Tinghou System, was promoted to Weinan Bo, and was later knighted. He also returned to his hometown on charges of "ultra vires". In the fifteenth year of Xichun (A.D. 1 188), Lu You left his post in Yanzhou and returned to China. Soon, he was called to Lin 'an as a military attache. The following year (A.D. 1 189), Guangzong ascended the throne and was appointed as a doctor of the DPRK. So he even wrote to persuade the court to reduce taxes. As a result, he was impeached and dismissed from office again on charges of "mocking romantics". After that, Lu You lived in the countryside for a long time and died on December 29th (AD 12 10 65438+ October 26th). ? Lu You has seven sons and one daughter. Lu You Chronicle records: the eldest son Lu, the second son Lu Zilong, the third son, the fourth son Lu Zitan, the fifth son Lu Ziyue, the sixth son Lu Zibu and the seventh son Lu. (Reading on a winter night, show it to your son) The grandson's name is Lu, (I heard that he died of grief after the defeat of Yashan) The great-grandson is Lu Chuanyi, (Yashan died of hunger strike after the defeat) The great-grandson is Lu Tianqi, (he didn't give in to Yuan in the battle of Yashan and threw himself into the sea). Finally, Lu You didn't see the scene of "Julian Waghann is in the north of the Central Plains, and the family festival never forgets to tell Naiweng [1]". ?
Edit this historical book to record Lu You's views on the world and the Yinshan people in Yuezhou. At the age of twelve, you can write poetry, and you can make up for it as an official. Lock hall recommended the first one, followed by Sun Mang of Qin Gui. He was very angry and blamed the main company. Try Ritz next year. The chief executive is at the forefront of the tour, and it is obvious, so he will be jealous. When he died, he began to go to Ningde, Fuzhou, and he was appointed as an official in addition to the decree. ?
Yang Cunzhong was banned from swimming for a long time, forced to swim and boasted, so he stopped. Among the nobles in China, there are rare treasures in the north of the city, and they said, "Your Majesty borrowed grain in the name of' damage', and since he got the Tao in calligraphy, he left it on the screen. I don't want sacred things, I buy exotic things privately, and I lose my morality. I strictly forbid it. " ?
Ying Zhao said, "I'm not a family member. Although I do have meritorious service, I don't need to add a royal title. Some people sit in front of the temple with the master, and some people sit in the cabinet with Tai Wei, blaspheming the famous instruments and asking for correction. " Moved to Dali Temple, where the director is also Zong Zheng's book. ?
Xiaozong acceded to the throne and was transferred to the Privy Council editor and editor-in-chief of Sanctuary. Shi Hao and Huang Zushun recommended a good chapter about travel. They are familiar with allusions. Summoning him, he said, "When you hear about it, you are right." He was awarded the background of Jinshi. Entering the right place, he said, "Your Majesty's first accession to the throne was a time when officials believed in imperial edicts and showed people everything. Therefore, it is advisable to take those that are particularly embarrassing and discard them with the public." ?
After the peace talks, he swam to Baishufu and said, "Since Wu, no one in Jiangzuo has given up Jiankang and other capitals. Being stationed in Lin 'an is out of expediency, the situation is unstable, the reimbursement is inconvenient, and the sea route is approaching, which surprised me. After peace, the oath has been made and there are many obstacles. Today, I should make an appointment with you. Jiankang and Lin 'an are both places of residence, and the northern ambassador will be hired by North Korea, or Jiankang or Lin 'an, so that I can build the capital and establish the country in my spare time, and I have no doubt. " ?
When Long Dayuan and Zeng Yi were using things, they swam to Zhang Daoyan, the chief minister, and said, "You and Dayuan recruit the right to plant the party and are fascinated by the holy hearing. If you don't say it today, you won't be able to leave later. " When you hear this story, you will hear it. When you talk about it, you will come, and you will have the right to swim. In a rage, I made a sentence to build a healthy house and look for Yi Longxing House. The speaker talked about patrolling and remonstrating, clamoring for right and wrong, and urged Zhang Jun to fight without returning. For a long time, the judgment reached Kuizhou. ?
Wang Yanxuan went to Sichuan to do business with Shaanxi. Doing is the best way to make progress, thinking that governing the Central Plains must start from Chang 'an, and taking Chang 'an must start from Longyou. When accumulating millet training, attack if you have it, and encourage if you don't have it. Wu Lin's son is in charge of the army and arrogant. He poured money to make friends and repeatedly killed people by mistake. Please use arches instead of stands. Yan said, "If you are afraid of the bow and make small plans, you will be defeated when you meet the enemy." You said, "When you meet the enemy, make sure it is invincible. The more meritorious, the more uncontrollable. " And the pavilion revolted at sunrise, and the wandering words began to be tested. ?
Fan Chengda, a handsome man in the middle of Shu, travels as a senator. He paid in writing and it was impolite. People laughed at him for letting go because he was pretentious. Later, I moved to Changping, Jiangxi. Jiangxi flood. Play: "Allocate beneficial warehouses to boost the economy and send millet to the people in all counties." Call back, Zhao Ruyu retorted in the matter, and then went to the temple. When I knew Yanzhou, I made a speech, and the imperial edict said: "Yanling has superior mountains and rivers, so I can recite it myself in my leisure time." Then he summoned him and said, "Your pen is very good, and no one else can match it." Apart from the military, there is less supervision. ?
During his first year in Shao Xi, he moved to the Ministry of Ritual to be a doctor and a hospital assessor. In the second year of Jiatai, before the history books of Xiaozong and Guangzong Dynasties and the history of the Three Dynasties were published, he wrote to his peers, compiled national history and recorded the court, avoiding the invitation of the court to look for a secretary supervisor. After three years of writing, I was promoted to Baozhangge as an official.