How to appreciate ancient poetry and analyze artistic conception

In the latest college entrance examination, there are two requirements for the appreciation of ancient poetry: one is to appreciate the image, language and expression skills of literary works; Second, evaluate the ideological nature of literary works. There are some similarities in China's ancient poems, that is, their expressions are implicit, and they often express their feelings or feelings with scenery. This kind of poetry is the focus of examination. First, the first level of artistic conception structure is to pin thoughts and feelings on a certain scene to form images, and there are different ways of blending scenes. The first is scene fusion. For example, in Li Bai's "Farewell to Meng Haoran on the way to Yangzhou", "The lonely sail is far away from the sky, and the sky only flows through the Yangtze River." This is an affectionate image. You can imagine the poet standing by the river, watching his friends drift away until their boat disappears into the water and the sky. With the poet's deep affection for his friends. Just like "leaving only hoofprint behind him", it is unforgettable. Followed by lyrical style. For example, Wang Wei's "Lonely Smoke in the Desert, the Yellow River gathers yen" is tragic and lofty, reflecting the vigorous vitality of enterprising; "The sky is wild, and the wind and grass see cattle and sheep." The picture is broad and the feelings are heroic, which shows the generosity and richness of life. Expressing inner feelings by describing natural scenery is a blend of scenery structure and emotional structure. The third is emotion. For example, Meng Haoran's "Spring Dawn" has a simple image. The poet just heard birds singing in the early morning of spring, and suddenly thought about whether the wind and rain last night blew off the spring flowers, which naturally revealed the feeling of cherishing spring. It implies the poet's affirmation and praise for seclusion. The tension structure is formed in the fusion of emotion and scenery, and the unique artistic conception of literature is formed. Second, the second level of artistic conception structure is that the environment produces images, which is characterized by the coexistence of reality and reality, so that readers can reach the realm of infinite charm through the understanding of images. Followed by the combination of positive description and profile description. For example, the profile description of Luo Fu in Shang Mo Sang is an imaginative writing; Monkey did not speak when he saw Luo's father. "。 As soon as the teenager saw Luo Fu, he took off his hat and put his hair on his head. The tiller forgets to plow, and the hoe forgets to hoe. "This is a side contrast of Luo Fu's beauty, which leaves a deep impression on readers and has the artistic effect of turning virtual into real. Third, it is the magical use of imagination and association. For example, "the spring garden can't be closed, and an apricot is out of the wall." From what we have seen and thought, this is Lenovo's technique, and it also embodies the characteristics of showing emptiness with reality. Si Kongtu describes the imaginary realm in this way: "The poet's sight, such as the sunny sky in Lantian and the smoke of fine jade, can only be expected but not placed in front of him. "Third, the third level of artistic conception structure is the meaning of both form and spirit. Artistic conception should not only bring readers an image beyond the image, but also make people gain meaning. First of all, it describes external images and gestures to express internal feelings. For example, in Lin Zhongyu, Liu Yong said, "Holding hands and looking at each other with tears, he was speechless." Such a gesture, the two people's inseparable affection is hidden between the lines. Su Shi's "The Old Man Talk about Juvenile Madness", pulling yellow on the left and holding pale on the right, wearing a gold hat and mink fur, riding a thousand troops and rolling Pingshan. "Such heroic images and scenes reveal inner ambitions. Xin Qiji's "Wandering in the South of the Yangtze River" looked at Wu Gou, patted the railing, and no one would pick him up, so he came to the scene. "When you look at it, you can express your inner helplessness and grief from the outside to the inside. This action almost became a symbol of the poet. Secondly, it is to express the will. This is a special way with both form and spirit. For example, Lin Bu's poem "The shadow is shallow, and the faint fragrance floats in the dusk of the moon" describes the graceful figure of plum blossoms and the rich fragrance of flowers, revealing the leisure and nobleness of the poet "Mei Wife Crane". Lu you's plum blossom is "I have no intention of fighting for spring, and everyone is jealous." "Scattered into mud and ground into dust, only the fragrance remains." This is a metaphor for the poet's noble morality and noble sentiment. Plum blossoms in Mao Zedong are used in the opposite direction. "Joe doesn't fight for spring, only for spring. When the flowers bloom, she laughs in the bushes. " It shows the gregarious qualities of plum blossom and Li Zhuo. The artistic conception of poetry is at least an organic combination of scene blending, reality and reality, and both form and spirit. In addition, metaphors, allusions, metaphors, characters, setting off, contrast, refining words, synaesthesia, overlapping words, rendering, antithesis, symbol, personification and exaggeration all contribute to the creation of poetic artistic conception. Therefore, when we appreciate ancient poetry, we must make it clear: ① What did this poem write? What person? Where is it? What time? What feelings and wishes did you express? 2 how to write? What skills are used to write these objects and scenes? (3) Why do you write like this? What is the role of writing these things and scenes in expressing this feeling and desire? These three steps are indispensable. Find out the image in the work, determine the characteristics of the image in the work, think about why the image has such characteristics, and analyze the expression skills of poetry. Grasp the work comprehensively from both content and form.