A gift for Wang Lun.
Tang Libai
Li Bai will want to travel by boat,
Suddenly I heard a song on the shore.
Peach Blossom Lake reaches as deep as thousands of feet.
Not as good as Wang Lun.
Wang Lun was a native of Jingzhou (now Jingxian County, Anhui Province) in the Tang Dynasty. He is generous by nature, likes to make friends with celebrities, and often gives generously and spends money lavishly. At that time, Li Bai was famous in the poetry circle, and Wang Lun loved him very much, hoping to have a chance to see the poet's elegant demeanor. However, Jingzhou is unknown, and he is also a nobody. How can I invite the great poet Li Bai?
Later, Wang Lun got the news that Li Bai was going to travel to Anhui, which was a rare opportunity. Wang Lun decided to write and invite him. Everyone who knew Li Bai at that time knew that he had two hobbies: drinking and traveling. As long as there is good wine and beautiful scenery, Li Bai will hear about it. So Wang Lun wrote this invitation:
"Gao Lei swimming? There are miles of peach blossoms here. How about your drink, sir? There are thousands of hotels here. "
When Li Bai received such a letter, he immediately came here with great interest. As soon as I saw Wang Lun, I went to see Ten Miles of Peach Blossoms and Wanjia Hotel. Wang Lun smiled and told him, "Peach blossom is the name of the pool here. There are no peach blossoms in Fiona Fang Shili of Taohuatan. Wanjia is the surname of our hotel owner, not that there are 10 thousand hotels. " Li Bai was stunned at first, but somehow he understood at once. Then he laughed and even said, "admire! Admire! "
Wang Lun stayed with Li Bai for a few days, and Li Bai had a good time there. Because the villas in Wang Lun are surrounded by mountains and rivers. Inside the villa, the pond building is quiet and deep, just like a fairyland. Here, Li Bai is drinking wine, eating delicious food, listening to songs and chatting with friends of Gaoyou. There are several banquets a day, and he often gets together and is often entertained. This is the life that Li Bai likes. Therefore, he can't help feeling a brief encounter with the host here. He once wrote "Two Poems of Wang Parting", in which Wang Lun was compared to Dou and Gong.
On the day Li Bai was leaving, Wang Lun gave eight famous horses and ten bundles of silks and satins, and sent servants to the boat. After a farewell dinner at home, Li Bai boarded a boat parked on Taohuatan. The ship was about to leave the shore when he suddenly heard a song. Li Bai looked back and saw Wang Lun and many villagers marching on the shore, singing to see him off. Li Bai was very moved by the host's profound friendship and simple form of seeing him off. He immediately spread out paper and ink and wrote a famous farewell poem for Wang Lun:
Li Bai was just about to leave when he heard a farewell song from the shore.
Even if the Peach Blossom Pond is deep, it is not as deep as Wang Lun's sending away my love.
This poem is a wonderful metaphor, and because of the influence of simple folk customs, Li Bai's poem is simple, plain and sincere.
The poem "To Wang Lun" made the name of Wang Lun, an ordinary villager, spread to future generations, and Taohua Lake became a tourist attraction. In memory of Li Bai, the villagers built a pavilion on the southeast bank of Tan, which still attracts many tourists.
[Edit this paragraph] Note
1. Wang Lun: Li Bai made generous friends in Taohuatan. When Li Bai visited Taohuatan, Wang Lun often treated him with wine. When he left, Li Bai made this poem as a gift to Wang Lun.
2. Tiaoge: A folk song tune, in which you beat time with your feet while singing, which is a popular singing method in the Tang Dynasty.
3. Taohuatan: The name of the water pool is in the southwest of Jingxian County, Anhui Province.
When Li Bai was visiting Taohuatan in Jingxian County, he was a guest at the home of villager Wang Lun. When he left, Wang Lun came to see me off, so Li Bai wrote this poem to leave. This poem expresses the profound friendship between Li Bai and Wang Lun, an ordinary villager.
The first two narratives: "Li Bai was about to leave by boat when he heard singing on the shore." Li Bai is going to leave by boat. Wang Lun came to see me off with a group of villagers. They walked arm in arm and sang. Considering "desire" and "sudden smell", he wrote the poet's surprise model. "Will and desire" is the time when the ship is ready to go; "Suddenly smell" means unexpected. Maybe Wang Lun gave a farewell dinner last night, which means something can't be delivered the next day. But now he has not only come, but also brought a group of villagers to see him off. Why not make the poet excited! What language is used to express it? The Peach Blossom Pond is nearby, so the poet has a handy hand to compare the depth of the Peach Blossom Pond with Wang Lun's affection for himself. "Peach Blossom Lake is deeper than thousands of feet, not as good as Wang Lun's love for me." Shen Deqian commented in Qing Dynasty: "It is a common saying that Wang Lun's love is better than thousands of feet's. The wonderful scene is just in a transition. " Indeed, the beauty of these two sentences is that the word "less than" connects two unrelated things. Taking thousands of feet Peach Blossom Pool as a reference, it is both vivid and intriguing to turn intangible friendship into tangible. The pool is "deep in thousands of feet", so how deep is Wang Lun's friendship?
[Edit this paragraph] Famous comments
Tang Ruxun in the Ming Dynasty said in the Interpretation of Tang Poems: "Lun, the ear of a village, how can it be near white?" It's time to make wine, and it's time to say goodbye to our ancestors. Our feelings are solid and extraordinary. It is too white, unreal and convenient, so it is eternal. "This comment is very appropriate.
[Edit this paragraph] Author introduction
Li Bai (70 1-762), Han nationality, Taibai, was a great romantic poet in the Tang Dynasty. His poetic style is bold and unconstrained, with rich imagination, natural and fluent language and harmonious and changeable melody. He is good at absorbing nutrients from folk songs and myths, forming his unique magnificent and gorgeous colors, which is the new peak of positive romantic poetry since Qu Yuan. He is not only called "Du Li" with Du Fu, but also called "Poet Fairy". There was another poet in the Tang Dynasty named Li He, nicknamed "Shi Gui", who can be compared with Li Bai. Both belong to the romantic style, with fantastic imagination and exaggerated words. But in comparison, Li Bai's poems are more eloquent and natural. Li He quoted many stories about laws and regulations, deliberately carved them and tried his best, which can be described as "painstaking". Judging from their achievements, they cannot be compared.
Now there are more than 990 poems and songs by Li Bai. There are a large number of political lyric poems, which fully show the poet's extraordinary ambition, unrestrained passion and chivalrous spirit, and also represent the typical tone of poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Li Bai has a strong sense of self, and compares himself with Dapeng for many times, such as "When the wind rises in Dapeng, the waves roll straight to Wan Li" (Li Yong). However, when Li Bai was frustrated in Chang 'an for three years, his full political enthusiasm, when he was hit by reality again, turned into a wild song of grief and indignation, which gushed out from his chest: "The road is as wide as the sky, and there is no way out in front of me. I am ashamed to follow those who have no backbone, fighting cocks and dogs to bet on pears, and I want to return home with no fish to eat, and I don't want to succumb to the nobles." Li Bai also used a hearty drinking poem to dispel the sadness of his talent. "Into the Wine": "Oh, let a man with spirit take risks where he likes, and never point his golden cup at the moon! Since God has given talents, let them be used! , spin one thousand silver, all come back! Cook a sheep, kill a cow, sharpen my appetite, and let me, 300 bowls, take a long drink! "In response to this unrestrained emotional momentum, Li Bai's poems and lyrics are characterized by magical imagination, endless changes, vertical and horizontal jumps in structure and scattered sentence patterns, forming a magnificent and elegant style. Throughout his life, the poet eulogized the ideal life with a naive heart. Whenever and wherever he is, he always embraces the whole world enthusiastically, pursues full achievement, career and enjoyment, has a keen sense of all good things, grasps the reality but is not satisfied with it, throws himself into the torrent of life and transcends hardships, and realizes his value in a high-spirited state. If the ideal color is the main feature of the poetic style in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, then Li Bai walked in the forefront of the times with a more forward-looking ideal singing method.
[Edit this paragraph] Appreciate
Li Bai wrote 100 poems about drinking, according to my unchanging habit all my life. According to Yuan Mei's Addendum to Poems in the Garden, Wang Lun, a complete stranger, wrote to Li Bai and invited him to visit Jingxian (now southern Anhui). The letter enthusiastically wrote: "How is your husband? There are miles of peach blossoms here. Is it delicious, sir? There are thousands of hotels here. " Li Bai left happily. See Wang Lun is a hero of Jingchuan, hospitable and charming. So I asked where the Taoyuan Restaurant was. Wang Lun said, "Peach blossom is also called pool water, but there is no peach blossom; Wanjia, the owner's surname is Ye Wan, there is no Wanjia Hotel. " Li Bai smiled and said, Leave for a few days and write down the poem as a farewell when you leave.
Obviously, this poem was blurted out by Li Bai, which naturally became wonderful, so it has been read by people all the time. However, because it is as natural as life, people often know what is wonderful, but not why. There are still some comments on three or four sentences of the poem by later poets, but the first two sentences are colloquial and straightforward. In fact, combined with the above background, the first two sentences are also extremely successful.
"Li Bai will go by boat" means that I will leave Taohuatan by boat. Spoken English simply flowed out without thinking, showing a natural and unrestrained manner of coming on impulse and returning after excitement.
The words "suddenly smell the song on the shore" and "suddenly smell" show that Wang Lun's arrival is really unexpected. I heard it before people arrived. From the warm and hearty singing, Li Bai expected that Wang Lun must have come to see me off.
This farewell shows that Li Bai and Wang Lun are both informal, happy and free people. In the secluded mountain village, there is no complicated etiquette sent by the upper class. Wang Lun didn't seem to be at home when Li Bai left. Wang Lun came back and learned that Li Bai had left. He immediately rushed to the ferry with wine to say goodbye. Li Bai, who left without saying goodbye, is free and easy and not polite; Wang Lun, who is singing farewell songs, is also generous and enthusiastic, and won't let the children touch the towel. In just fourteen words, they wrote down their optimistic personality and their informal friendship.
Perhaps it is because their thoughts and temperament are in harmony that Li Bai is cited as a homonym and Wang Lun's friendship is cherished. Affection, hence to the beauty of the peach blossom pool, affectionately to sing a way:
"Peach Blossom Lake is deep in thousands of feet, not as good as Wang Lun."
This poem is about Wang Lun (singing) who came to send Bai. The author was very moved, so he used "Peach Blossom Pond is deeper than thousands of feet, not as good as Wang Lun." These two lines strongly praise Wang Lun's admiration and love for the author.
meaning
I was about to take a long trip by boat when I heard someone singing and seeing me off. Although the Peach Blossom Lake is as deep as thousands of feet, it is not as deep as the friendship that Wang Lun gave me.
Name: 1 Question 7 Lin 'an 2 Mansion
Genre: Seven-character Rhyme
Year: Song Dynasty
Author: Lin Sheng
original text
When will the singing and dancing in the West Lake stop at 3 o'clock?
6 Warm winds make 8 tourists drunk, 4 make Hangzhou and 5 Bianzhou.
To annotate ...
1, topic: writing.
2. Luxury house: official residence, official residence, hotel and inn.
3. Hugh: Stop and give up.
4, straight: simply.
5. Bianzhou: Bianliang, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty (now Bianliang, Kaifeng, Henan).
6. Warm air: This refers not only to the warm spring breeze in nature, but also to the charming "warm air" brought by singing and dancing.
7. Lin 'an: the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty, which is now Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province.
8. Tourist: This refers to dignitaries.
9. Smoke: Blow.
translate
Besides the green hills, there are green hills and tall buildings. The tourists in the lake are all dignitaries. They stayed with showgirls all night and got drunk. I wonder when this situation will stop. The warm spring breeze seemed to be the kind of idle atmosphere at that time, which made those refugees get carried away and only wanted to steal a feast in the West Lake and revel in it, treating Hangzhou as a once prosperous Bianzhou. It is written that the author only cares about eating, drinking and having fun with the rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty, but forgets the shame and resentment of being torn and smashed.
Make an appreciative comment
This poem was written on the wall of a hotel in Lin 'an City, and it was a political satire poem named Lin 'an House at that time.
In AD 1 126, the Jin people captured Bianliang, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, and captured two emperors, Huizong and Qinzong. The territory of the Central Plains was completely occupied by the Jin people. Zhao Gou fled to the south of the Yangtze River and ascended the throne in Lin 'an, which is known as the Southern Song Dynasty. Instead of accepting the painful lesson of national subjugation in the Northern Song Dynasty, the small court in the Southern Song Dynasty became angry from embarrassment and tried to strengthen itself. The rulers did not want to recover the lost land in the Central Plains, but begged for peace, surrendered to the outside world, and brutally persecuted Yue Fei and other patriots at home. Politically corrupt and incompetent, dignitaries indulge in debauchery and pleasure. This poem is written for this dark reality. It pours out the indignation pent up in the hearts of the broad masses of people, and also expresses the poet's deep concern for the fate of the country and the nation.
The first two sentences of the poem are "When will the West Lake stop singing and dancing?" Seize the characteristics of Lin 'an City: overlapping green hills, rows of terraces, endless lights and songs and dances, and write down a false picture of prosperity and peace in that year. The poet touched the scene and couldn't help but sigh: "When will the West Lake Dance stop?" When will these lewd songs and dances by Xizi Lake, which kill people's fighting spirit against gold, stop?
The last two sentences, "Warm wind makes tourists drunk and makes Hangzhou a continent", are the poet's further expression of his feelings. The word "warm wind" is a pun, which refers to both the spring breeze in nature and the lewd wind in society. It is this "warm wind" that blows people's minds like they are drunk. "Tourists" cannot be understood as ordinary tourists. It means that the ruling class in the Southern Song Dynasty forgot the national disaster, lived a quiet life and had fun. The words "smoked" and "drunk" in the poem are used very skillfully, vividly depicting the mental state of those dignitaries who indulge in debauchery and ruin the country and people. At the end, "directly treating Hangzhou as Bianzhou" is a direct rebuke to the Southern Song authorities for forgetting national hatred and family feuds and treating Hangzhou as the old capital Bianzhou. Bitter satire contains great anger and endless worries.
This poem is cleverly conceived and phrased: cynicism is written from a lively scene; Extremely indignant, but not abusive. It is indeed a masterpiece in fable poetry.
Autumn night will dawn, and the hedge door will meet the cold. Lu's works: it will dawn in autumn night, and the fence door will meet the cold.
There are two poems on the same topic, and this is the second one. )
Time: Southern Song Dynasty
Author: Lu You
Content:
Three Wan Li rivers (2) flow eastward into the sea, and five thousand mountains (3) climb skyscrapers.
The adherents shed tears in Chen Hu (4) and looked south in Julian Waghann (5) for a year.
Precautions:
1. Dawn: It's almost dawn. Fence gate: A gate made of bamboo or branches.
2. Three Wan Li River: refers to the Yellow River. "Three Wan Li" describes it as long and meaningless.
3. Five thousand sacred mountains: refers to Huashan Mountain in Xiyue. "Five thousand meters" describes its height. The ancients took eight feet as a section.
4. Chen Hu: refers to the dust raised by the invaders' iron hooves. Hu: In ancient times, China was a general term for northern and western nationalities.
5. Julian Waghann: refers to the army of the Song Dynasty.
6. Sea: refers to the Yellow River.
7. Qi: The ancient unit for calculating length, with eight feet as one (seven feet as one). Yue: It refers to the mountains of Thailand, Heng, Song and Hua in the north. Speaking of Mount Tai in Dongyue and Huashan in Xiyue, skyscrapers meet the sky.
8. adherents: people in the northern enemy-occupied areas.
9. Chen Hu: refers to the dust raised by nomads and soldiers.
10. Julian Waghann: refers to the army of the Song Dynasty.
[translation]
Wan Li Yellow River flows eastward into the sea,
The 5,000-mu Huashan Mountain soars into the sky.
The people in the area occupied by Shanxi Jinbing suffered greatly under the rule of the enemy, and their tears dried up.
They are looking forward to the Southern Song Dynasty troops recovering the lost land in the north and rescuing them year after year.
Zhu Shi
(Qing) Zheng Xie
Hold the castle peak,
The roots were originally in the broken rocks.
After many trials and tribulations, it is still strong.
People's Ear Cave Xi North and South
Bamboo stone: bamboo rooted in cracks. The poet is a famous painter, and his bamboo paintings are particularly famous. This is a poem he wrote on a bamboo stone painting.
Rooting: Rooting, rooting.
Original: original, original.
Broken rock: Broken rock.
Grinding: torture, frustration.
Strike: strike.
Perseverance: tenacity and fortitude.
Ren: Whatever.
Joel: You.
[Edit this paragraph] Rhyme translation
Bite the castle peak and never let go.
The root has been deeply rooted in the rock.
Tougher after being tempered,
Let the wind come from east, west, north and south.
[Edit this paragraph] Appreciation of famous sentences
This poem embodies the tenacity and persistence of bamboo. It is not only a poem praising Yan Zhu's paintings, but also a poem chanting things. At first, the word "persistence" was used to personify Yanzhu, which has conveyed its charm; The last two sentences further describe the character of Yanzhu. After numerous hardships, it has grown into a particularly tall and straight figure, and it has never been afraid of the strong winds in the east, west, north and south. Zheng Xie not only praised the beauty of bamboo poetry, but also painted bamboo vividly. In his words, he painted bamboo to comfort the working people in the world. So this poem is written on the surface of bamboo, but in fact it is written on people, and it is written on the author's own upright and stubborn character. He will never bow to any evil forces. At the same time, this poem can also touch our lives, overcome difficulties and face reality in a tortuous and harsh environment, and be as strong and brave as Yanzhu.
2 Zhu Shi, born in Chen Dezhong 1943, whose pen names are Zhu Shi and Jia Yangsheng. People from Leshan, Sichuan. 1983 was admitted to the drama department of Shanghai Theatre Academy for further study for one year. Second-level screenwriter. Member of Sichuan Writers Association, Sichuan Dramatists Association, Sichuan Television Artists Association, Secretary General of Sichuan Emei Drama Creation Association, Director of Sichuan Sichuan Opera Theory Research Association, Standing Committee of Leshan Federation of Literary and Art Circles, Vice Chairman and Secretary General of Leshan Film and Television Artists Association. Mainly engaged in television, drama and literary creation. Among them, 198 1 TV scenery film "nostalgia for water" won the second prize of outstanding literary works in Sichuan Province; The TV series "Spring River Return to Sail" won the third prize of 1987, the first outstanding TV single drama in Southwest China; The TV series "Thunder, Poetry, Soul and Fire Phoenix" won the third prize of the National Excellent TV Social Education Program by the Ministry of Radio, Film and Television and the China Radio and Television Society 1992. Many prose works have been included in the series of essays and essays of Sichuan Writers Association College of Literature. Ci was included in the List of Sichuan Dramatists.