The system of poetry in Tang and Song Dynasties includes palace style and poetry style.
1. Palace poetry
Palace poetry refers to poetry that originated in the palace and describes palace life as its basic content. The style is usually flamboyant and light. In other words, palace poetry is a kind of court literature with specific content and style.
Gong style poetry first originated from people’s name for Xu Zhen’s poetry style. It was named after its popularity in the Prince’s East Palace. The unique artistic characteristics of this type of poetry are: focusing on rhetoric, antithesis, and rhythm. . The representative figures are Emperor Jianwen Xiao Gang and others.
2. Cipai
Cipai is the name of the word format. The format of words is different from that of verses: verses have only four formats, while words have more than a thousand formats (these formats are called word scores).
Ci, also known as long and short sentences. People gave them some names to make them easier to remember and use. These names are word cards. Sometimes, because they are several variations of the same format, several formats share one word plate; sometimes, because each company has different names, the same format has several word cards.
The overall style of Tang and Song poetry:
1. Form
Compared with the title forms of poetry, prose and other literary works, the titles of Tang and Song poetry are many Using three characters as the name of the tune not only tends to be more standardized in the number of words, but also tends to be more diversified in the form of the title, with tunes, titles, and order.
Another notable feature of the external form of words is the division into fragments, which is in sharp contrast to the solid monotonous block form of seven-character ancient poetry and modern poetry. There are monotonous, double-tone, triple-tone, and quadruple-tone lyrics. Most of the poems selected in the Tang and Song dynasties are double-tone, some are monotonous, and there are few that use three-tone or more.
2. In terms of content
Since the Tang and Five Dynasties, Ci has always been recognized by society as an entertainment art form. It does not carry the educational function of political morality and has no political utilitarian purpose. Because it is far away from politics and ideology, the subject matter of Ci always maintains a distance from social and political changes. The content and themes of poetry in the Tang and Song Dynasties focused on expressing women's life emotions and women-related love between men and women.