Expression skills:
The two sentences in the poem's chin couplet are based on the return of people and the return of oneself, as a specific complement to the previous article. The two journeys back home show two different states of mind. This is another contrast, which shows the poet's reclusive ambition to live aloof from the world and his indifferent feelings of not seeking glory and gain.
Appreciation of the whole poem:
Meng Haoran's home is located in the southern suburbs of Xiangyang City, near Xian Mountain and on the west bank of the Han River. It is called "Nanyuan" or "Jiannan Garden". The Lumen Mountain in the title is on the east bank of the Han River and the south bank of the Mianshui River. It is across the river from Xian Mountain. It is not far away and can be reached quickly by boat. Pang Degong, a famous hermit in the Han Dynasty, lived in seclusion in Lumen Mountain with his family because he refused to serve as an official. Since then, Lumen Mountain has become a holy place of seclusion. Meng Haoran had been living in seclusion at his home in Nanyuan, Xianshan. At the age of 40, he went to Chang'an and failed to pass the imperial examination. He traveled to Wu and Yue areas for a few years and then returned home. He was determined to follow the footsteps of the sage Pang Degong, so he specially opened a residence in Lumen Mountain. . He occasionally went to live there, but it was actually a secluded property that flaunted the nature of hermitage. The title of this poem "Returning to Lumen at Night" has a documentary meaning, but the main purpose is to show that this poem is a song about the feelings and interests of returning to seclusion.
"Yuliang" is a place name. The poet can see Yuliang Ferry when passing by Mianshuikou. The first two sentences describe what I saw while traveling on the river in the evening. I listened to the bell ringing at dusk from the mountain temple and saw the noise of people rushing to ferry home at the ferry. The leisurely ringing of bells and the murmur of human voices show the solitude of the mountain temple and the hustle and bustle of the world. The contrast between the two evokes the reader's imagination and expresses the poet's leisurely and contemplative look on the boat and his free and unrestrained mind. In three or four sentences, it is said that the world goes home, but the poet himself leaves home and goes to Lumen. The two moods and two ways back show his reclusive aspirations and contented mentality. The fifth and sixth sentences are about climbing the mountain road of Lumen Mountain at night. "The moonlight in Lumen opens the smoke trees." The hazy mountain trees are particularly beautiful by the moonlight, and the poet is intoxicated. Suddenly, very quickly, as if unknowingly, he arrived at his destination. It turned out that Pang Degong lived in seclusion here, and the poet suddenly understood. This subtle feeling and intimate experience show the taste and artistic conception of seclusion. The hermit is melted by nature and reaches a state of forgetfulness. The last two sentences describe the situation of "Pang Gong lives in seclusion", which points out the true meaning of seclusion. This "secret man" refers to both Pang Degong and the poet himself, because the poet completely understood the fun and true meaning of "escaping from the world without boredom" and practiced Pang Degong's path and destination of "taking medicine and never returning". In this world, isolated from the world, with only mountains and forests for company, he was the only one living alone.
The theme of this poem is "Returning to Lumen at Night", which is quite like a landscape sketch of an essay. But its theme is to express noble and reclusive feelings, aspirations and destiny. The journey described in the poem from sunset to dusk to the moon hanging in the night sky, from boating on the Han River to Lumen Mountain, is essentially a path of seclusion from the mundane world to the lonely nature. The poet uses a heart-to-heart tone, natural structure, clean pen and ink, and sparse touches to truly express his inner experience and feelings, and movingly present the image of a serene and detached hermit, forming a unique artistic conception and style. .
Predecessors said that Meng Haoran's poems "have a clear and distant atmosphere, and a lonely heart", and "the words are free and easy to wash away the ordinary world" (Xu Xianzhong's words are quoted in "Tang Yin Gui Sign"). This song Qi Gu can well represent these characteristics. From an artistic point of view, the poet expresses his inner experience and feelings in a plain and natural way, beautiful and true, with sophisticated skills and simple explanations, so this poem is successful and harmonious. It is precisely because the poet truly expresses his reclusive taste and escapes from the worldly fireworks that he also expresses his passive and lonely mood.