China is one of the earliest countries with the origin of medical culture. When the dawn of civilization shone on the sky across the land of Asia, clusters of prehistoric cultural bonfires spread across the land of China, connected from point to surface, forming The power of a prairie fire gradually melted into the glory of the civilized era. From then on, the civilizational history of Chinese medicine began. China’s 5,000-year medical history with written records, due to the unique theoretical framework formed by the development of Eastern culture, the collision of modern Western science and the introduction of Western medicine, two distinct levels have emerged. The intersection of Eastern and Western medicine It presents a complex and polymorphic state. Among traditional Chinese medicine, Han medicine has the longest history and the richest practical experience and theoretical understanding. Traditional Chinese medicine originated in the Yellow River Basin of China and established an academic system very early. In the long process of development of traditional Chinese medicine, there have been different creations in the past dynasties, many famous doctors have emerged, and many important schools and classics have appeared. There is a legend in Chinese history that "Shennong tasted a hundred herbs...and encountered seventy poisons in one day", which reflects the arduous process of ancient working people discovering medicines and accumulating experience in the process of fighting against nature and disease. It is also the origin of traditional Chinese medicine in production. A true portrayal of labor. As early as the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties (about the end of the 22nd century BC - 256 BC), medicinal wine and soup had appeared in China. The Book of Songs of the Western Zhou Dynasty (approximately 11th century BC - 771 BC) is the earliest book containing medicines among the existing documents in China. The earliest extant traditional Chinese medicine theory classic, "Nei Jing", puts forward the theories of "cold causes heat, hot causes cold", "the five flavors enter", "the five internal organs are bitter and want to be replenished and purged", etc., which laid the foundation for the basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine. The earliest existing pharmaceutical monograph "Shen Nong's Materia Medica" was written by many medical scientists during the Qin and Han Dynasties (221 BC - 220 AD) who collected and summarized rich pharmaceutical materials since the pre-Qin Dynasty. This book contains 365 kinds of medicines, which are still commonly used in clinical practice. Its advent marked the initial establishment of traditional Chinese medicine. In the oracle bones of the Yin Shang Dynasty more than 3,000 years ago, China already has records about medical care and more than ten kinds of diseases. In the Zhou Dynasty, diagnosis methods such as inspection, smelling, questioning, and incision and treatment methods such as drugs, acupuncture, and surgery were already used. During the Qin and Han dynasties, a systematic theoretical work such as "Huangdi Neijing" was formed. This book is the earliest existing theoretical classic of traditional Chinese medicine. "Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases" written by Zhang Zhongjing specifically discusses the principles of syndrome differentiation, diagnosis and treatment of various miscellaneous diseases, laying the foundation for the development of clinical medicine in later generations. Surgery in the Han Dynasty had reached a relatively high level. According to "Three Kingdoms" records, the famous doctor Hua Tuo began to use the general anesthetic "Ma Fei San" to perform various surgical operations. From the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties (AD 220--589) to the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties (AD 581--960), pulse diagnosis has made outstanding achievements. The "Mai Jing" written by Wang Shuhe, a famous doctor in the Jin Dynasty, summarizes 24 types of pulse conditions. This book not only had a great influence on Chinese medicine, but also spread abroad. During this period, the specialization of various medical disciplines has matured. The monographs on acupuncture include "Acupuncture and Moxibustion Jia Yi Jing"; "Bao Pu Zi" and "Behind the Elbow" are representative works on alchemy; on pharmaceuticals, there are "Lei Gong Pao Zhi Lun"; on surgery, there are "Liu Juanzi Ghost Prescription"; "Treatise on the Causes and Symptoms of Various Diseases" It is a monograph on the cause of disease, "Cranial Fontanum Sutra" is a pediatric monograph; "Newly Revised Materia Medica" is the world's first pharmacopoeia; and ophthalmology monographs include "Yinhai Jingwei" and so on. In addition, there were large prescription books in the Tang Dynasty such as Sun Simiao's "Qian Jin Yao Prescription" and Wang Tao's "Waitai Mi Yao". The economic prosperity of the Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD) promoted the development of traditional Chinese medicine. The Tang government took the lead in completing the compilation and editing of the world's first pharmacopoeia of Materia Medica - "Tang Materia Medica". The book contains 850 kinds of medicines, and also adds drug maps, further improving the scale and pattern of traditional Chinese medicine. In medical education during the Song Dynasty (AD 960---1279), acupuncture teaching underwent major reforms. Wang Weiyi is the author of the "Bronze Figures of Acupuncture and Moxibustion on Bronze Figures". Later, he designed and manufactured two life-size bronze figures of acupuncture for students to practice during teaching. This pioneering work had a great influence on the development of acupuncture in later generations. During the Ming Dynasty (1368--1644 AD), a group of medical scientists proposed to distinguish typhoid fever, febrile disease, febrile disease and other diseases. In the Qing Dynasty, the theory of febrile diseases reached a mature stage, and monographs such as "Treatise on Warm Heat" appeared. Starting from the Ming Dynasty, Western medicine was introduced to China, and a group of medical scientists advocated the "integration of traditional Chinese and Western medicine", which became the pioneer of the integration of traditional Chinese and Western medicine. In the Ming Dynasty (AD 1368---1644), medical scientist Li Shizhen spent 27 years completing the masterpiece "Compendium of Materia Medica", a masterpiece of traditional Chinese medicine. The book contains 1,892 kinds of medicines, making it the greatest comprehensive work in the history of Chinese herbal medicine. After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, extensive research on botany, identification, chemistry, pharmacology and clinical medicine of traditional Chinese medicine was carried out to provide information for establishing the source of medicine, identifying the authenticity of medicinal materials, and explaining the mechanism of action. scientific basis. On the basis of a nationwide survey of drug sources, the national and local "Chronicles of Traditional Chinese Medicine" were compiled in 1961. The publication of the "Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine" in 1977 brought the number of traditional Chinese medicines recorded in the classics to 5,767. At the same time, various Chinese medicine reference books, many local Chinese herbal medicine monographs, and newspapers and magazines about Chinese medicine have appeared one after another, and various Chinese medicine scientific research, teaching, and production institutions have been established. All the above is a summary of the magnificent history of ancient Chinese medicine. Such a continuous medical culture and civilization that has lasted for thousands of years without interruption is rare in the history of world medicine.
The large number of Chinese classical medical books and the emergence of numerous famous doctors are rare in the world at the same time. Traditional Chinese medicine has strong vitality and develops with the advancement of the times. After collision, confrontation and integration with modern medical culture, we also paid attention to absorbing useful things from advanced foreign cultures, and then the exploration of integrating Chinese and Western medicine emerged. Traditional medicine is moving towards modernization. In the past hundred years, the pattern of China's modern medicine, traditional medicine and the integration of traditional Chinese and Western medicine will objectively reproduce and comment on the history of modern medicine in China for more than a hundred years. The history of Chinese medicine is indispensable for the study of ancient Chinese medicine, the study of modern medicine, or the comparative study of various systems of medicine, as well as for the work and disciplines of medicine, teaching, research, and health management. It covers a wide range of time and space, and cannot be replaced by other disciplines.