Shen Yun Theory
1. Since the Qing Dynasty when the poets became officials in the "Southern and Northern Song Dynasty", the heavy mentality caused by national consciousness has gradually faded, and their poems have begun to have a new look to achieve harmonious coexistence with the current regime. Wang Shizhen’s theory of Shen Yun is the fundamental completion of this transformation.
2. The so-called "Shen Yun theory" is to try to get rid of the interference of political and other social factors on the art of poetry, and focus on the refreshing realm and implicit language of poetry itself, thereby strengthening the entertainment function of poetry
Style Theory
1. With the death of Wang Shizhen in the Qing Dynasty, the era of relative unity in the field of poetry ended, and disputes among various poetry schools became lively. The "style theory" of the patriarchal Tang people represented by Shen Deqian played an important role. tFfIl
2. The so-called "style theory" is to use the style of Tang poetry to express feudal politics and ethical thoughts. In fact, it is to make poetry serve feudal politics and ethics. In order to achieve this goal, Shen Deqian believed that the performance should restore the Confucian poetic tradition of "gentleness, honesty, loyalty and peace", and used the style of Tang poetry to implement this intention.
Texture theory i
1. Weng Fanggang, a writer in the Qing Dynasty, believed that the problem with Wang Shizhen's "Charm Theory" was that it was vague, and the problem with Shen Deqian's "Style Theory" was that it did not adapt to the past, so he proposed the "Texture Theory".
2. The so-called textural theory includes the "principle of meaning" based on Confucian classics and the "principle of literature" in terms of structural rhetoric. Weng Fanggang's textural theory actually requires that knowledge be the foundation, textual research be used to enrich the content of poetry, and unify doctrine and literature.
Theory of Xingling
1. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, the Xingling Poetry School, represented by Yuan Mei, took over the Gong'an School's slogan of "expressing one's nature and spirit alone" and believed that writing poetry should express people's true temperament. He completely rejected various theoretical views on poetry since the Qing Dynasty. His characteristics of anti-tradition and innovation are a powerful challenge to the authority of the orthodox literary view since the Qing Dynasty.
2. The achievements of Xingling School are mainly poetry, among which Qi Jue and Qi Lu are particularly good. For example, "Spring Poems" reveals a relaxed and lively atmosphere in the tranquility, which is very comfortable and natural; "Mawei" has a novel meaning and a fundamental change in emotional tendency, which can be called a poem for the people.
Yangxian Sect
1. Chen Weisong's lyricists Fasu and Xin in the Qing Dynasty were especially close to Xin Qiji's bold and desolate style of writing. For example, the first film of "Red Lips" is a fantasy and fantasy, and the second film builds on the momentum created by the first film and nostalgic for the past, revealing the author's sad and generous mood. 91PyIy
2. Chen Weisong is a native of Yixing, Jiangsu Province. The ancient name of Yixing is "Yangxian", so the Ci school represented by Chen Weisong is called the "Yangxian School". Writers who belong to this Ci school include Jiang Shiquan and others. ?
Western Zhejiang School
1. Zhu Yizun of the Qing Dynasty recommended the works of graceful lyricists such as Jiang Kui and Zhang Yan of the Southern Song Dynasty, and believed that the "clearing" realm mentioned by Zhang Yan was the highest standard for lyrics. This view actually pays more attention to the rhythm and technique of words, and the style of words is elegant and beautiful. {
2. Zhu Yizun's ideas and lyrics were recognized by poets in western Zhejiang. Many people took Jiang Kui and Zhang Yan, whom Zhu Yizun promoted as their models, and this trend became very popular for a while. Later, Gong Xianglin selected the poems of Zhu Yizun, Li Liangnian and himself as "Six Schools of Ci in Western Zhejiang", hence the name "Western Zhejiang Ci School".
3. Li E inherited Zhu Yizun's idea and believed that the elegant and elegant style of poetry represented by Zhou Bangyan and Jiang Kui was better than the generous and bold style of poetry represented by Xin Qiji. What is different from Zhu Yizun is that the lonely and cold mood in his poems is more prominent. T*Y}
Changzhou School
1. During the Qianjia period, the pragmatism style represented by Pu Xue enveloped the entire society. The pragmatism tendency in the literary field also became an important value orientation of aesthetics in this period. Influenced by this style, the pragmatism style replaced the style of pragmatism in the world of poetry during this period. The sentimental and passionate style of the early Qing dynasty. The rise of the Changzhou Ci School represented by Zhang Huiyan is a manifestation of this difference.
2. Zhang Huiyan advocates the restoration of tradition from the perspective of substantive content, emphasizing sustenance on Bixing, which mainly expresses the twists and turns of personal life and encounters. His desire to restore Japanese tradition is difficult to fundamentally realize. His lyrics are powerful and elegant in style. The style of writing is more substantial, but its content scope is still relatively narrow.
Tongcheng Sect
1. The Tongcheng School was an important prose school in the mid-Qing Dynasty. Its representative figures, Fang Bao, Liu Dakui and Yao Nai, were all from Tongcheng, Anhui, so they were called the "Tongcheng School".
2. The basic characteristics of Tongcheng School's prose theory are that it is based on Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism, takes the political power of the Qing Dynasty as its service purpose, takes the ancient prose of the eight schools of thought in the pre-Qin, Han and Tang and Song Dynasties as its model, and has systematic and detailed rules in article structure and practice. Prose Theory. g
3． Fang Bao summarizes the core of his prose theory as the word "yifa", "yi" means "words have things", and "fa" means words are orderly. Liu Dakui was Fang Bao's disciple and played a role as a link between the past and the following. Yao Nai's main contribution to the theory of ancient Chinese literature was to integrate and summarize previous theories to make them more concrete. He emphasized the integration of theory, textual research, and writing; he also proposed the "Eight Essentials" to implement the integration of theory, textual research, and writing; he classified various writing styles into two categories: "masculine" and "feminine."
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4． Yao Nai not only developed the prose theory of Tongcheng School, but also formed a huge Tongcheng School prose system around himself. Guan Tong, Mei Zengliang, Fang Dongshu, and Yao Ying were known as the "Four Disciples"
Tang and Song Dynasty School
During the Jiajing period, they opposed the archaism of the seven disciples before and after them, and advocated that the articles should be based on those of the Tang Dynasty The writers of Song classical prose include Wang Shenzhong, Tang Shunzhi, Mao Kun, Gui Youguang, etc. They are called the "Tang and Song School".
Childlike innocence: Li Zhi advocated "childlike innocence", which means sincerity.
"Jingling School": Zhong Xing and Tan Yuanchun, they opposed imitating the past, but emphasized seeking inspiration from ancient poems Spirituality is an eye-opener in poetry, forming the "profound and solitary" artistic style of this school of literature.
Chaling School of Poetry
Li Dongyang is the representative and the main poet. The patriarchal Du Fu emphasized the tone of law, which had an impact on the Taige style of writing, and also had a direct impact on the later poetry ideas of the first seven sons.