1. The classical Chinese meaning of Han Yu’s burning paste to follow the sundial
Heading: burning paste to follow the sundial
Pronunciation: fén gāo jì guǐ
Definition: ointment: grease, refers to lamps and candles; Ji: continue, succeed; Sundial: sunlight. Light the oil lamp and let in the sunlight. Describe working or studying diligently.
Source: "Jin Xue Jie" by Han Yu of the Tang Dynasty: "Burn anointing oil to continue the sundial, and stay in poverty for a long time."
Example: According to legend, the literati had many eyesight, which was blamed Reading, ~, will damage your eyesight. (Zhang Chao of the Qing Dynasty, "Xinzhi of Yuchu, Preface by Sannong's Zhenguang")
Usage: linking type; used as predicate, adverbial, clause; with complimentary meaning< /p>
Synonyms: day and night, staying up all night
Antonyms: eating all day, doing nothing
Frequency of use: commonly used
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Jinxuejie [Tang Dynasty]? Han Yu
Original text
Mr. Guozi entered Taixue in the morning, recruited all the students to set up a hall, and taught them [1]: "Career Good at diligence, wasteful at play; successful at thinking, ruined at following. Now that the saints and sages have met, the evil spirits will be eradicated, and the good will be taken advantage of (3). , All those who are famous for their skills are mediocre [4]. Climbing and picking, scraping and polishing [5]. I am lucky enough to be selected, but there are many misfortunes in my life and I am not clear about it. Nothing can be done without misfortune [6]."
Before he could say anything, some people laughed and said, "Sir, I am bullying you! I am a very old man." The mouth is constantly reciting the writings of the six arts, and the hand is constantly covering the compilation of hundreds of schools of thought. Burning the anointing oil to continue the sundial, the husband's career can be said to be diligent. He fights against the heretics and denounces the Buddhas and elders. The vastness of the thread [12] leads me to the far side of the river, and then I turn back to the wild waves. It can be said that I am immersed in Confucianism, and my writings are full of them. Jia〔13〕. The rules of Yao and Si are boundless; Zhou Gao and Yin's "Pan" has Ji Qu Dao Ya; "Spring and Autumn" is cautious, "Zuo Shi" is exaggerated; "Yi" is strange and methodical, and "Shi" Zheng Erpa; "Zhuang" and "Sao" were recorded by Taishi; Ziyun, Xiangru, has the same purpose and different tunes [14]. , Dare to do things; good at everything, right and left. It can be said that you are successful in being a person. However, you can't trust others when you are public, and you can't help your friends when you are private [15]. As a censor, he fled to Nanyi (17). After three years of doctorate, he failed to see the treatment (18). How long will it take to defeat the enemy (19)? What's the point of dying if a child has a chipped tooth? Why don't you think about it and teach others? Jue, 欂挌, dwarf, 椳, 鑑, 悂, wedge, all are suitable for each one, and those used to complete the house are also the work of the craftsman [22]. , The skin of the defeated drum is gathered together, and the one who is ready to use is the best doctor [23]. This is the right person for the prime minister [24]. In the past, Meng Ke was good at arguing, and his teachings were clear, and he was able to lead the world. Die Lanling [26]. These two Confucians speak as scriptures and use their actions as Dharma. They are extremely deviant and have entered the holy realm. How will they be like in the world [27]? Today, although the teacher is diligent in his studies, he does not lose his system; although he talks a lot, he does not care about it; although his writing is strange, it is not useful; although his practice is cultivated, it is not obvious to others [28]. Still, the monthly stipend is enough to save millet every year; the son does not know how to plow, the woman does not know how to weave; she rides on a horse and follows the disciples, sitting down and eating [29]. Heel rushes along the way, peeks into the Chen editor and steals it (30). However, the Holy Lord did not punish him, and the ministers did not reprimand him. This is not a good thing. 2. Full text translation of Han Yu's Horse Theory in classical Chinese
Reference translation: After Bole was born in the world, there was a thousand-mile horse.
Chollima often exists, but Bole does not often exist. Therefore, even a very expensive horse can only suffer humiliation at the hands of servants and die in a stable with ordinary horses, and cannot obtain the title of a thousand-mile horse.
A horse that can travel a thousand miles a day may be able to eat a stone of grain in one meal. The person who feeds the horse does not know how to feed it according to its ability to travel a thousand miles a day. (So) Although such a horse has the ability to travel thousands of miles a day, it is not full of food and has insufficient strength. Its talents and beautiful qualities cannot be expressed. If it wants to be equal to an ordinary horse, it cannot be equal, so what? Can you ask it to travel thousands of miles a day? Whipping it without following the correct method, feeding it not enough to make it fully display its talents, listening to its neighing but not understanding its meaning, (instead) standing in front of it with a whip and saying: "There is no thousand-mile horse in the world!" well! Is there really no thousand-mile horse? In fact, they really don’t know how to ride a thousand-mile horse. 3. What are Han Yu’s classical Chinese works?
There are many.
For example:
The argumentative essay plays an important role in Korean.
Medium and long-length works with the main content of respecting Confucianism and opposing Buddhism include "Yuan Dao", "On the Bone Table of Buddha", "Yuan Xing", "Shi Shuo", etc. Most of them have a strict layout and clear layers. Essays that ridicule the current situation of society. Short stories such as "Miscellaneous Comments" and "Huolin Jie" have clever metaphors and profound messages; long essays such as "Song of the Poor" and "Jin Xue Jie" use the question and answer format, with humorous writing style, unique conception and sharp edge. Bilu. It discusses literary thoughts and writing experiences with diverse genres, changeable writing styles, fantastic images, and superb theories. Narrative writing plays a larger role in Korean. Those who study Confucian classics, such as "Ping Huaixi Stele", use the style of "Shang Shu", "Ya", and "Song", which are grand in length, extremely heavy in sentences, and hearty; "Painting Notes" directly narrates many characters, and the writing style is detached from the "Shang Shu·Gu Ming", "Zhou Li·Kaogong Ji·Zi Renzhi". Those that inherit the historical prose tradition of "Historical Records", such as the famous "Postscript to the Biography of Zhang Zhongcheng", integrate narrative, discussion, and lyricism. Study "Historical Records" and "Hanshu" and describe the characters vividly and uniquely without discussing them, such as "The Epitaph of Wang Jun who tried to comment on Dali", "The Epitaph of Zhang Jun in Qinghe", etc. Memorials to literary friends can highlight the characteristics of different writers, such as "Liu Zihou's Epitaph", "Nanyang Fan Shaosu's Epitaph", "Mr. Zhen Yao's Epitaph", etc. However, among the large number of tombstones and epitaphs, Han Yu also had some works of "grave flattery" (which refers to the act of singing praises to the deceased and exaggerating the praise in epitaphs regardless of his merits), which was ridiculed at the time.
Among the lyrical memorial essays, one type writes about the deep feelings of flesh and blood, using prose form, breaking the convention of four-character rhyme, such as "Essay on Commemoration of Twelve Langs"; the other type writes about friendship with friends and life in adversity, using four-character rhyme, Such as "Memorial to Zhang Yuan of Henan" and "Memorial to Liu Zihou". In addition, letters such as "A Letter to Meng Dongye" and prefaces such as "Preface to Yang Shaoyin" are also masterpieces with a certain appeal. Han Yu also has some other prose works, such as "The Biography of Mao Ying" and "Preface to Shiding Couplet Poems", which are completely fictional and close to legendary novels. Han Yu's prose is full of momentum, with vertical and horizontal opening and closing, odd and even oddities, and clever metaphors; it may be cunning or serious, and its artistic characteristics are diverse; it has swept away the soft and parallel writing style since the Six Dynasties.
He was good at discarding the language of his predecessors and refining the spoken language of the time, such as "fly camp and dog dog" ("Song Qiongwen"), "same work but different tunes", "collect and incorporate everything" ("Jinxuejie") ) and other novel words are common in Korean. He advocated "wen follows the order of words", created a written prose language refined on the basis of spoken language, and expanded the expressive function of classical Chinese style. But he also has a kind of arrogant prose. He said that he "cannot give at the right time, only to play with himself" ("Songqiongwen"), which had a certain influence on later generations. Han Yu is also a famous poet. His artistic features are mainly strange, majestic and grotesque. Such as "Luhun Mountain Fire and Huangfu's Rhyme", "Moon Eclipse Poetry Imitation of Yuchuan Zi Zu", etc. are weird and profound in content; "Nanshan Poetry", "Yueyang Tower Farewell to Dou Sizhi", "Meng Dongye's Lost Son", etc. The realm is majestic. However, in the pursuit of novelty, Korean poetry often tends to fill in unfamiliar words, idioms, and rhymes. Han Yu also has a kind of simple and natural poems. Korean poetry is in an ancient style and has few modern styles, but there are also excellent verses and quatrains. For example, Qilu "Moved to Languan from the left to show his nephew Xiang", "Answer to Zhang's eleven merits", "Inscribed on Yiliang", Qijue "First sent to Zhang Twelve Pavilions from Tongguan", "Inscribed on the Temple of King Zhao of Chu", etc.
Among the ancient versions of Han collections, Wei Huaizhong of the Southern Song Dynasty's "Collected Works of Mr. Changli" and "Waiji" by Wei Huaizhong of the Southern Song Dynasty are the best; Liao Yingzhong's version of "Collected Works of Mr. Changli", "Waiji" and "Collected Works" are the best; 》 (reprinted by Dongyatang of Xu family in Ming Dynasty) is the most popular. In the Qing Dynasty, Gu Sili and Fang Shiju each had separate annotated editions of their poetry anthologies. Qian Zhonglian's "Anthology of Han Changli's Poems in Years" by Qian Zhonglian is a separate annotated edition of "Han Changli's Poems". In addition, those who did collation or supplementary annotations for the Han Collection but did not list the main text included Fang Songqing and Zhu Xi of the Song Dynasty, Chen Jingyun, Wang Yuanqi, Shen Qinhan, Fang Cheng and the modern Xu Zhen of the Qing Dynasty. The most detailed chronology is the Chronicle of Han Zi written by Hongxingzu of the Song Dynasty. The relevant parts of Zhao Yi's "Oubei Poetry", Fang Dongshu's "Zhao Mei Zhan Yan", and Lin Shu's "Research Methods of Han Liuwen" are representative works that comment on his poetry. 4. Han Yu's translation of ancient Chinese
It is not easy to make friends with others when one's nature is prosperous. When he was young, he was friendly with Meng Jiao from Luoyang and Zhang Ji from Dongjun. The two men's reputations had not yet risen, and they did not avoid the cold and heat. They were recommended to the public officials, and eventually they became academically ranked and were honored with high positions. Although he was a high-ranking official in the later period, whenever he retired from official duties, he would talk to each other about banquets, write essays and write poems, just like before. But looking at all the powerful men, they looked like servants and stared at them indifferently. And it is quite good at inducing the younger ones to come in. The people in the hall are sixteen or seventy. Although they are not provided with morning meals, Yi Ran doesn't mind. Mostly the purpose is to raise famous religions and promote benevolence and righteousness. There are only ten married women, friends and orphans. It is often thought that since the Wei and Jin Dynasties have returned, most of the writers are limited to occasional pairs, and the spirit of Qian and Xiong has no longer been revived. Therefore, the more he does and writes, the more modern styles he expresses his ideas, forming a new language of his own. Those who learn from later generations should take them as their teachers. There were so many authors at that time that it was hard to surpass them, so it was called "Hanwen" in the world.
Translation:
Han Yu has an easy-going and open-minded personality, and he will not change his attitude because of his status. When he was young, he had a good relationship with Meng Jiao of Luoyang and Zhang Ji of Dongjun. At that time, these two people had no fame or status. Han Yu often acted for them among princes, generals and ministers, and Zhang Ji finally embarked on an official career. Later, although their status in the court became higher and higher, whenever their official duties were over, they would talk about poetry and articles together, just like usual. But he treated the powerful nobles of the time like servants. Moreover, they inspire the younger generations to work hard and make progress.
There were sixteen or seventeen disciples who came to the door. Although some of them couldn't afford the food, Han Yu didn't mind. They all come together to promote some moral and righteous things. It is often believed that since the Wei and Jin Dynasties, article writers have stuck to fixed article styles, with empty content and lack of practical things. The style of that time (Wei and Jin Dynasties) did not exist at that time. Therefore, the meaning advocates: writing an article is to express your heart directly. Create a kind of article by yourself and become a brand of your own. The younger generations followed Ci's example and imitated Han Yu's style, creating a trend. Nothing could compare to the atmosphere at that time, so people called issues of that style "Korean". 5. Han Yu's "The Monument of King Cao Cheng" translated from classical Chinese into vernacular
I really couldn't find it. . . The following things may be useful for your translation
King Cao Cheng Li Gao (732-792), named Zilan, was the great-great-grandson of King Cao Li Ming (son of Emperor Taizong Li Shimin of the Tang Dynasty). Li Gao once served as the governor of Hengzhou, and he managed politics well. He "implemented laws and ordered them to be revised, administered policies and policies, and became famous", which aroused the jealousy of Xin Jinggao, the then Hunan observer. After fabricating the accusation and "falsely accusing him of a crime, the censor helped him", the imperial court demoted Li Gao to the post of Chaozhou governor. In April of the twelfth year of Dali in the Tang Dynasty (777), Yang Yan, the minister of the Ministry of official affairs, was demoted to Daozhou Sima. In May of the fourteenth year (779), Dezong Li Shi came to the throne. In August, Yang Yan was summoned back to Beijing to serve as prime minister. After Yang Yan learned the truth about Li Gao's unjust case, he informed the emperor and transferred Li Gao to the position of governor of Hengzhou, and opened a case to investigate Xin Jinggao's frame-up crime. Xin Jinggao was a corrupt official. When he saw that Wang Guoliang's family was rich and wealthy, he had a vicious plot in mind. He ordered Wang Guoliang to guard Wugang and punished him with death. Wang Guoliang was so frightened that he spread his wealth and gathered people to rebel. In April of the first year of Jianzhong (780), after Li Gao became the observer envoy to Hunan, he was ordered to lead 50,000 troops to conquer Wang Guoliang. In his letter to Wang Guoliang, he said, "You and I were both framed by Xin Jinggao. I have been sanctified by the Holy Spirit and cannot bear to kill you. Why not surrender early?" Wang Guofu was too shy to beg for surrender and was still hesitant. Li Gao dressed up as an envoy and traveled 500 miles day and night to Wugang County, where he knocked on the city gate and shouted for surrender. Wang Guoliang had no choice but to admit his mistake and worship, and the entire army surrendered. After Wang Guoliang surrendered, Tang Dezong pardoned Wang Guoliang's innocence and gave Guoliang the name Weixin. 6. What are the classical Chinese essays written by Han Yu
The works can be roughly divided into the following categories:
①Expositional essays can be divided into two categories. One is to promote Taoism and Confucianism, such as "Original Dao", "Original Nature", "Original Man"; the other category also has a tendency to clarify the Tao to a greater or lesser extent, but it focuses on reflecting reality and complaining about injustice, and many articles are anti-conventional and anti-traditional. The power of writing is mixed with strong emotional tendencies, such as the most representative "Shi Shuo" and "Ma Shuo".
②Essays, compared with essays, are more free and casual. They may be long or short, solemn or humorous, and the writing varies according to the situation, and each has its own use. For example, "Jinxuejie" uses the method of setting questions and answers to make irony and truth. The whole text uses the method of diction and poetry to arrange parallels and parallels, and the writing is relaxed and lively. The most noteworthy among the essays are those concise short essays that mock reality and have sharp arguments, such as "Miscellaneous Comments" and "Huolin Jie". They are lively and eclectic in form and have high literary value.
③Prefaces (i.e. gift prefaces) are mostly concise, concise and original, expressing various emotions about the real society, such as "Postscript to the Biography of Zhang Zhongcheng", "Preface to Farewell to Li Yuan's Return to Pangu", "Farewell to Mencius" "Preface to Higashino" and so on. In addition, Han Yu also showed his outstanding ability to narrate objects in his biographies and epitaphs, such as "The Biography of Mao Ying" and "Epitaph of Liu Zihou". 7. Translation of the classical Chinese text {Horse Theory} by Han Yu
There was Bole in the world, and then there was the thousand-mile horse. A thousand-mile horse often appears, but Bole does not always appear. Therefore, even if there is a famous horse, it will only be humiliated in the hands of the servant groom and die in the stable with the ordinary horses, and will not be able to obtain the title of a thousand-mile horse.
A horse that travels a thousand miles a day can sometimes eat a stone of food after one meal. The person who feeds the horse does not know that it can run thousands of miles in a day without feeding it. Therefore, although such a horse has the ability to travel thousands of miles in a day, it does not have enough food, lacks strength, and its talents and advantages cannot be expressed externally. Even if you don't get the same treatment as an ordinary horse, how can you expect it to be able to travel thousands of miles a day?
If you whip a horse without following the correct method and feed it, you will not be able to give full play to its talents. When a thousand-mile horse neighs, you cannot understand its meaning. You just stand in front of it holding the whip and say: "The world There is no thousand-mile horse! "Alas, is there really no thousand-mile horse? I’m afraid I really don’t know Chollima! 8. Translation and answers to the classical Chinese text of "Liu Zihou's Epitaph" by Han Yu
Notes on the work (1) Zihou: Liu Zongyuan's calligraphy.
When making an epitaph, the official title of the deceased should be used. Because Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan were close friends, they were called by their names. Taboo: name.
The living are called names and the dead are called taboos. (2) Seventh Generation: Liu Qing, the seventh generation ancestor of Liu Zongyuan, Secretary of History, served as an attendant in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and was granted the title of Duke of Ping Qi when he entered the Northern Zhou Dynasty.
His son Liu Dan was appointed as the Minister of Secretariat of the Northern Zhou Dynasty and was granted the title of Lord Ji Yin. Han Yu's account was wrong.
Shizhong: The chief of the province under the command of the family, responsible for conveying the emperor's orders. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, the middle minister had the same position as the prime minister.
Tuoba Wei: The king of the Northern Wei Dynasty was named Tuoba (later changed to Yuan), hence the name. (3) Great uncle Shi (shì): Ziyan, grandson of Liu Dan, brother of Zixia, the great ancestor of Liu Zongyuan.
It should be the great uncle, but this is wrongly called the great uncle.
Liu Shi was a member of Zhongshushe during the Zhenguan period (627-649). Because his nephew Queen was the concubine of the Crown Prince (Tang Gaozong), he was promoted to Minister of War.
After Wang became the queen, she was promoted to the minister of Zhongshu. In 652 (the third year of Yonghui), Chu Suiliang was appointed Zhongshu Ling, equivalent to the prime minister.
Later, Gaozong wanted to depose Queen Wang and install Wu Zetian as queen. Han Yuan and Chu Suiliang fought hard. Wu Zetian's party falsely accused Liu Yao of conspiring with Han, Chu and others, and was killed. (4) Chu (zhǔ) Suiliang: with the courtesy name Dengshan, he once served as the Minister of the Ministry of Personnel, the Third Rank of Tongzhongshu Menxia, ??and the Minister Youpushe.
On his deathbed, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty ordered him and Changsun Wuji to assist Emperor Gaozong. Later, he was demoted and died of illness because he dissuaded Emperor Gaozong from changing his position to military affairs.
Han Yuan (yuàn): named Boyu, he was an official and was promoted to a servant. He was demoted to save Chu Suiliang. (5) Huang Kao: an honorific title for the deceased father.
(6) Dr. Taichang: The subordinate official of Taichang Temple in charge of temple etiquette. During the reign of Emperor Suzong of the Tang Dynasty, Liu Zhen was awarded the title of Zuo Wei to lead the troops in the army, Cao joined the army, and assisted Guo Ziyi in guarding Shuofang.
Later, he was named Chang'an Lord Bo. He mourned his mother after his death and was later named Dr. Taichang. Liu Zhen said he respected the elderly and the weak in Wu, so he repeatedly declined and was willing to serve as the county magistrate of Chuanhui (now Anhui).
It may be the author's mistake to say "Abandoning Dr. Taichang in order to serve his mother". (7) Dignitaries: This refers to sinus ginseng.
Liu Zhen once moved to the palace to serve as the censor. Because he refused to join the censor, Lu Yi, and the prime minister Dou Shen, he framed the censor Muzan. Participate in other affairs to frame and demote officials. (8) Death of a powerful man: Later Dou Shen was demoted for his crimes and was sentenced to death by Tang Dezong the next year.
(9) Shi Yushi: An official of the Yushitai, responsible for inspecting hundreds of officials and interrogating cases. (10) The number is upright: Guo Ziyi once told Liu Zhen to record affairs for Jinzhou and join the army. The prefect of Jinzhou was arrogant and fond of killing, and the officials did not dare to fight with him, but Liuzhen could only resist with reason, so he said this.
(11) All the people he visited were famous people in the world: Liu Zongyuan wrote "Xianjun Shi Biao Yin Xianyou Ji", which records that his father had 67 people who traveled with him, which was written on the Yin side of the tombstone. He also said: "The friends and friends of the late emperor are gathered together by all the good people in the world."
(12) When his father was arrested (dài): when his father was still alive. When Liu Zongyuan was a child, his father Liu Zhen went to Jiangnan, and he and his mother stayed in Chang'an.
When he was twelve or three years old, Liu Zhen was an official in Hubei, Jiangxi and other places, and he went with his father. Liu Zhen died in 793 (the ninth year of Zhenyuan), and Liu Zong was twenty-one years old.
To catch, to reach. (13) Already an adult: Liu Zongyuan wrote "For Cui Zhongcheng He Ping Li Huaiguang Biao" when he was thirteen years old. Liu Yuxi wrote the preface to the collection and said: "Zi Hou started as a boy, and he had a strange reputation in the early Zhenyuan Dynasty."
(14) Obtaining the rank of Jinshi: In 793 (the ninth year of Zhenyuan), Liu Zongyuan obtained the rank of Jinshi, twenty-one years old. (15) Brand new: Tall and prominent.
See (xiàn): the same as "present". (16) Having a son: It means having a son who shines brightly on the lintel.
(17) Bo Xue Hong Ci: Liu Zongyuan was admitted to the Bo Xue Hong Ci Department in 796 (the twelfth year of Zhenyuan), at the age of twenty-four. Under the system of the Tang Dynasty, those who passed the Jinshi examination could take the erudite Hongci examination, and those who passed the exam would be awarded official positions.
Jixian Hall: Jixian Hall Academy, a journal that compiles scriptures and searches for lost books. Zhengzi: Jixian Hall has officials such as bachelors and zhengzi, who are in charge of compiling classics and correcting texts.
Liu Zongyuan was awarded the title of Jixiandian Zhengzi at the age of twenty-six. (18) Integrity: upright, honest and persevering.
(19) Evidence from the past and present: Use examples from the past and present to prove your case. (20) Discrepancy: Comprehensive understanding, explain the profound things in simple terms.
(21) Chuō: Li Fengfa: Arbitrary discussions, vigorous rhetoric, and far-reaching knowledge. Wei, far away.
Li, high. (22) Rate: Every time.
Qu: Make it yield. (23) Order him to be my disciple: It means that everyone wants to make him his disciple to gain glory.
(24) Jiaokou: speaking in unison. (25) Lantian: Today it belongs to Shaanxi.
Wei: An official in the county government who manages public security and arrests thieves. Supervisory censor: The subordinate officer of the censor station is responsible for supervising hundreds of officials, patrolling counties and counties, inspecting prisons, and rectifying court affairs.
(26) Rites Department Yuan Wai Lang: Official name, responsible for identifying and formulating etiquette matters and the method of paying tribute to the school. Liu Zongyuan was recommended to be this official by Wang Shuwen, Wei Zhiyi and others.
(27) Those who use things: Those in power refer to Wang Shuwen. When Shunzong of the Tang Dynasty was the crown prince, Wang Shuwen was appointed as an official of the prince. After Shunzong ascended the throne, Wang Shuwen was appointed as the Minister of Household Affairs and won Shunzong's trust.
So new advances were introduced and reforms were implemented. The old clan and the eunuchs of the feudal town supported his son Li Chun as Xianzong, deposed Wang Shuwen, and later killed him.
The eight people who were demoted to Sima at the same time as Liu Zongyuan were named "Eight Sima". (28) Exit: Send out according to regulations.
In 805 (the first year of Yongzhen), Liu Zongyuan was demoted to the governor of Shaozhou (now Shaoyang, Hunan). (29) Demotion by example: Demotion in accordance with the "Regulations".
Yongzhou: present-day Lingling County, Hunan. Sima: Originally a deputy in charge of military affairs under the governor of the state, in the Tang Dynasty, he had become a redundant member with duties but no power.
(30) Leisure: Refers to leisure time for official business. (31) Note: memorize and read.
This metaphor means studying hard. (32) Overflowing: The writing style is overwhelming and unrestrained.
Stop and Save: The writing is strong and concise. (33) Wuyaju (sì): Boundless.
Ya and Fang are both waterside. (34) Si: Indulgent.
(35) Together: In 815 (the tenth year of Yuanhe), Liu Zongyuan and other "Eight Sima" were recalled to Chang'an at the same time, but they were also moved to a farther place. (36) Liuzhou: Settled in the Tang Dynasty, it belongs to Lingnan Road, now Liuzhou City, Guangxi.
(37) Isn’t this enough to be a political evil: It means that although Liuzhou is remote, it can still make political achievements. Yes, it refers to Liuzhou.
(38) Because: follow, follow. Local customs: local customs.
(39) Teaching prohibitions: teachings and prohibitions. (40) Shun Lai: Obedience and trust.
(41) Pawn: Pawn, mortgage. (42) Not redeemed from time to time: Not redeemed on time.
(43) Zi: Zijin, that is, interest. Capital: principal.
相侔(móu): equal. (44) No: confiscated.
(45) and design: find ways to help the debtor. (46) Note: All.
(47) Book: write, write down. Servant: To be a hired worker.
This refers to the value of the labor of hired workers, that is, wages. (48) Sufficiently equivalent: It means that the value of the helper is enough to offset the principal and interest of the loan.
Hostage: Hostage. (49) Observation envoy: Also known as observation and disposal envoy, he is an official sent by the central government to the local area to take charge of supervision.
Here’s how to do it: promote redemption. 9. Translation and full text of "Horse Theory" by Han Yu
"Horse Theory" by Han Yu
There was Bole in the world, and then there was the thousand-mile horse. A thousand-mile horse often exists, but a bole does not always exist. Therefore, even though there is a thousand-mile horse, it will be carelessly grown and be dead in a stall, never being called as a thousand-mile horse.
A horse that travels a thousand miles can eat as much grain as a stone. Those who eat horses don’t know that they can travel thousands of miles and eat. Although this horse is capable of running a thousand-mile, it is not full of food, lacks strength, and its talent and beauty are not visible externally. Moreover, if you want to be like an ordinary horse, you cannot expect it to be able to run a thousand-mile.
If the horse is not driven according to the right way, if the food is not used to its full potential, if the sound of the horse is not understood, then the horse approaches it with the force of the horse and says: "There is no horse in the world." Woohoo! Is there really no horse? In fact, I really don’t know about horses!
The translation is as follows:
"Horse Theory" Han Yu
After Bole existed in the world, only then could there be a thousand-mile horse. A thousand-mile horse often appears, but Bole does not always appear. Therefore, even a majestic horse can only suffer humiliation at the hands of servants and die in a stable with ordinary horses, and will not gain the title of a thousand-mile horse.
A horse that travels thousands of miles a day may be able to eat a stone of grain in one meal. The person who feeds the horse does not know how to feed it according to its ability to travel thousands of miles a day. (So) Although such a horse has the ability to travel thousands of miles in a day, it is not full of food and has insufficient strength. Its talents and beautiful qualities cannot be expressed. It cannot be equal to an ordinary horse, so what? Can you ask it to travel thousands of miles a day?
Whipping it, not feeding it in the correct way, and not being able to make it fully develop its talents, listening to it scream but not understanding what it means, (just) standing at it with a whip He came forward and said: "There is no thousand-mile horse in the world!" Alas! Is there really no thousand-mile horse? In fact, they really don’t know how to ride a thousand-mile horse!
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