Knowledge and ability can explain the general idea of the whole poem with annotations, and can tell the observation order of the author's creation.
Process and Method Through teacher-student interaction and group cooperation, the artistic characteristics of poetry are analyzed, and the aesthetic and appreciation ability of poetry is improved.
Emotion, attitude and values Through the study of this poem, students can enhance their love for the mountains and rivers of the motherland and inspire them to describe beautiful scenery in words.
Second, the difficulties in teaching
The key and difficult point in teaching is to analyze the artistic characteristics of poetry through teacher-student interaction and group cooperation inquiry, so as to improve the aesthetic and appreciation ability of poetry.
Third, teaching methods.
Group cooperative inquiry method, multimedia-assisted teaching method and conversation method.
Fourth, the teaching process
(A) the introduction of new courses
1. Show the pictures of the West Lake with multimedia, and ask the students to try to describe the beautiful scenery in words.
After several rounds of interaction, the teacher pointed out the mistakes that students may make: 1 The sentence is wordy and careless in using words; 2. The narrative lacks logic and organization; Describe no emotional penetration. Then the teacher quoted the topic: "The beautiful scenery is beautiful because there are good poems to describe it clearly and carefully." Then let's take a look at how Bai Juyi, a great poet in the middle Tang Dynasty, described today's beautiful scenery. "
2. The multimedia presentation of Bai Juyi's personal information is as follows:
Bai Juyi (772-846), whose real name is Lotte, was named Xiangshan Jushi and Mr. Zuiyin. Taiyuan (now Shanxi) people. A famous realistic poet in Tang Dynasty, one of the three great poets in Tang Dynasty. His poems have a wide range of themes, diverse forms and simple and popular language, and are known as "the poet's magic" and "the king of poets". Official to Hanlin bachelor, Zuo Zanshan doctor. Not many words, but it has a great influence on future generations. There is Bai Changqing Collection. His representative works include Song of Eternal Sorrow, Charcoal Man, Pipa Travel and so on.
3. Displaying the related knowledge of "rhyme" with multimedia: rhyme is a genre of China's poetry and a style of poetry, which flourished in the Tang Dynasty. Rhyme is very strict with meter, and every sentence is called several words. Common types are five laws and seven laws. Usually, a poem consists of eight sentences, and every two sentences are called a couplet and a * * * quadruple. They are called first couplet, parallel couplet, neck couplet and tail couplet respectively. The couplets and necklaces of each song are antithetical sentences. Rhyme requires the whole poem to rhyme, and rhyme is usually balanced; The second, fourth, sixth and eighth sentences rhyme, and the first sentence can be taken or not.
(B) the overall perception
The teacher sets the following questions and asks the students to read the text with them:
Please explain the full text with notes after class and find out the location of the scenery depicted in the poem.
From the north of Gushan Temple to Jiating West, the spring water on the lake is just flush with the levee, and the white clouds overlap with the waves on the lake. Several early orioles scrambled to fly to the sunny tree, and the new swallows were nesting with spring mud in their mouths. Countless colorful spring flowers gradually fascinated people's eyes, and the shallow spring grass just covered the horseshoe. I like the beautiful scenery in the east of the West Lake best. I haven't visited it enough, especially the white sand embankment under the green shade. In the first sentence, the author pointed out the location, that is, Jiating West, north of Gushan Temple.
(3) in-depth study
Teachers continue to set the following tasks and ask students to discuss and answer in groups:
1. What scenes appear in the first two sentences of this poem? What is the order of these observations?
Guide students to summarize through interaction:
Described water, clouds, warblers, trees, swallows, mud, flowers and grass. These scenarios can be roughly divided into the following two groups:
Water, clouds, flowers and grass _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Warbler, tree, swallow and mud _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Close-up, touching scene.
Then, the order of observation here is from far and near to far, from static and dynamic to static.
Here, the teacher must focus on the neck couplet: "Flowers are more and more beautiful, and shallow grass can be without horseshoes" is a vision. Because you can't see too many flowers and plants nearby, you can only see all kinds of colorful flowers and plants from a distance, and the shade is like water.
2. What are the advantages of writing like this?
Guide students to summarize through interaction:
From a distance, from far and near to far, it highlights the beautiful and rich landscape, and there are beautiful scenery everywhere near and far, and it also writes the feeling that the scenery is too beautiful to look at; From the dynamic point of view, from static to dynamic and then to static, it reflects the authenticity of observation, the distant landscape reflects the static aesthetic feeling, and the nearby landscape is vivid and vivid, which conforms to the logic of real life; The combination of far and near and the intersection of dynamic and static make the whole poem full of the aesthetic feeling of the whole picture, and leave readers with imagination in some parts; It not only describes the beautiful scenery, but also reflects the objective existence, presenting a very real and concrete picture of the spring scenery of the West Lake for readers.
3. Can the word "Zheng" in couplets and the word "No" in necklaces be "crow" and "cover"? Why?
Guide students to summarize through interaction:
You can't. These two places vividly highlight the characteristics of the landscape by analogy: First, "A few early warblers compete for warm trees" personifies "warblers" and describes the scene of early spring warblers singing in groups in the trees. If "competition" is replaced by "crow", the appearance of "warblers singing trees" is not vivid enough and lacks a dynamic sense of liveliness; Secondly, "only shallow grass can have no horseshoe", which means that "grass" can be turned into water, and only water can have no horseshoe. However, the green grass in spring is not very lush, and it will not show violent shaking when it is blown by the wind, just like an inlet that has just passed the horseshoe, shallow and supple. If "cover" is used instead of "no" here, readers will lose the imagination space to connect grass with water, and the language expression will be slightly dull and not realistic enough.
4. Besides analogy, what other rhetorical devices does the author use in this poem?
Guide students to summarize through interaction:
In addition to comparison, there is also comparison. Not only the duality of words, but also the level and rhythm between the upper and lower sentences of each couplet meet the requirements of metrical poetry. In addition, the next sentence of the first couplet also uses exaggeration, exaggerating the scene of spring water, white clouds hanging down and water and sky being the same color as clouds and water.
(4) Expansion and extension
The teacher once again showed the picture of "Ten Scenes of West Lake" with multimedia. Ask the students to choose one and describe it orally again. Pay attention to whether the order of description conforms to the objective reality, whether some rhetoric can be used to increase the realism of the picture, and whether the words and sentences are aesthetic and logical.
(5) Summarize the homework
To summarize the article, please write the above oral description as an exercise of 200-300 words.
Five, the blackboard design
Sixth, teaching reflection.
This article is a famous masterpiece, which highly restores the true beauty of the West Lake with real and vivid language. It is catchy and readable. Adding more reading links in the course will help to strengthen students' sense of language and their perception of poetry, which should be improved. In addition, when explaining rhetorical devices, we should give more examples, not only in this poem, but also in some poems we have learned, which can deepen students' understanding of the use of rhetoric, broaden students' thinking and help students actively use rhetoric in writing.