Although "willow" is just a very common thing, it is often the trigger point of people's emotions, and it is also the final destination of separation and sorrow. Poets often use "broken willow" to describe their unspeakable secrets and emotions. Confide. The following is Wang Wei’s ancient poem about willow trees that I compiled. Let’s take a look at what this poem is about.
Send Yuan Er to Anxi
Wang Wei
The morning rain in Weicheng is light and dusty,
The guest house is green and the willows are new.
I urge you to drink another glass of wine.
There is no old friend when you leave Yangguan in the west.
What is the role of "Liu" in Wang Wei's "Send Yuan Er Envoy to Anxi"?
The color of willow, first of all, willow has the same pronunciation as "liu", which means to retain, and expresses the reluctance of the person seeing off: secondly, the willow tree explains that the time of separation is spring, " "Xin" means early spring, which is the early spring season.
Notes:
Yuan Er: The author's friend Yuan Chang, ranked second among the brothers, hence the name "Yuan Er".
Envoy: to go to a certain place; to go on an envoy.
Anxi: refers to the Anxi Protectorate in the Tang Dynasty, near today's Kuqa County in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.
Weicheng: Xianyang City in the Qin Dynasty. It was renamed Weicheng in the Han Dynasty ("Hanshu Geography"). In the Tang Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of Xianyang County, Jingzhao Prefecture. It was northwest of Xi'an City and on the north bank of the Weishui River.
浥: moist.
Guest house: hotel.
Willow color: refers to the color of young willows in early spring.
Jun: refers to Yuan Er.
Update: again.
Yangguan: The name of the border pass set up by the Han Dynasty. Its original location is in the southwest of Dunhuang County, Gansu Province. In ancient times, it was the same pass as Yumen Pass that must pass through the fortress. "Yuanhe County Chronicles" says that because it is south of Yumen, it is called Yangguan. In the southwest of today's Dunhuang County, Gansu Province.
Old friend: old friend.
Appreciation 1
Wang Wei, the great poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote the song "Send Yuan Er Envoy to Anxi", which has been recited through the ages and is very popular. This poem is a rare poem in the Chinese poetry world. The strange thing is that it is different from ordinary farewell poems. It cleverly relies on the transformation of time and space to create an intriguing farewell atmosphere and has a very high artistic conception. This is a poem about sending a friend to the Western Regions to protect the frontier. Anxi is the abbreviation of the Anxi Protectorate established by the central government of the Tang Dynasty to govern the Western Regions. In Wang Wei's era, various ethnic conflicts intensified, and the Tang Dynasty was constantly invaded by Tibet from the west and Turks from the north. In the twenty-fifth year of Kaiyuan (737 AD), Cui Dayi, the deputy ambassador of Hexi Jiedu, defeated Tubo. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty ordered Wang Wei to go to the fortress as a censor to express condolences and inspect the military situation. Along the way, he wrote "Envoy to the Fortress", "Out of the Fortress" and other famous works on the frontier fortress. This poem was written by Wang Wei in his later years. The first two sentences of the poem describe the scenery of farewell, depicting an ordinary scenery, but full of poetic and picturesque flavor. The last two sentences express the deep affection for friends. With the help of the transformation of time and space, the poet closely combines the safety of the country, the cruelty of war, the friendship of friends, and the shortness of life. The scenes blend together and have a shocking artistic appeal.
Appreciation 2
This is a poem about sending a friend to the northwest frontier. Anxi is the abbreviation of the Anxi Protectorate established by the central government of the Tang Dynasty to govern the Western Regions. Its administrative seat was Qiuci City (now Kuqa, Xinjiang). This friend named Yuan went to Anxi on a mission from the imperial court. In the Tang Dynasty, most people going west from Chang'an would see them off in Weicheng. Weicheng is the ancient city of Xianyang, the capital of Qin, located northwest of Chang'an and on the north bank of the Wei River.
The first two sentences describe the time, place, and atmosphere of farewell. In the early morning, the guest houses in Weicheng, the endless post road extending from east to west, the willow trees surrounding the guest houses and on both sides of the post road. All this seems to be an extremely ordinary scene, but when read, it is picturesque and full of lyrical atmosphere. "Chaoyu" plays an important role here. The rain in the morning didn't last long and stopped just after it moistened the dust. On the highway going west from Chang'an, there are usually cars and horses passing by and dust flying in the sky. But now, the morning rain has stopped, the weather is clear, and the road looks clean and refreshing. The word "浥" in "浥Qingchen" means moist. It is used very appropriately here, showing that the rain clears the dust but does not wet the road. It is just right, as if God has specially arranged a road for people who travel far. A dusty road. A guest house is a traveler's companion; willow trees are a symbol of farewell. Choosing these two things naturally meant to connect with the farewell. They are usually always connected with restraint and sorrow, showing a mood of ecstasy. But today, due to the morning rain, it has a unique bright and fresh look - "the guest house is green and the willows are new". On weekdays, the road dust is flying, and the willows on the roadside are inevitably shrouded in gray dust and fog. Only after a morning rain does it wash out its true green color, so it is called "new", and because of the newness of the willows, it reflects the green color of the guest house. In short, from the clear sky to the clean roads, from the green guesthouses to the green willows, a picture with fresh and bright colors is formed, providing a typical natural environment for this farewell. This is an affectionate farewell, but it is not an ecstatic farewell. On the contrary, it reveals a light and hopeful mood. Words such as "Qingchen", "Qingqing" and "Xin" have soft and bright pronunciation, which strengthens the readers' feeling.
Quatrains are strictly limited in length. In this poem, all the details about how to hold a farewell banquet, how to toast frequently and say goodbye attentively at the banquet, how to reluctantly leave when setting off, how to stare into the distance after setting off, etc., are all omitted, except for the scene when the host is about to end the farewell banquet. His advice to drink: Let’s have another drink. Once we leave Yangguan, we will never see our old friends again. Poets are like skilled photographers, taking the most expressive shots. The banquet has been going on for a long time, the wine full of farewell has been drunk many times, and the words of polite farewell have been repeated many times. The moment for the friends to go on their way finally has to come, and the feelings of farewell between the host and the guest are at this moment. reached the top. The host's words to persuade him to drink seemed to come out of his mouth, which was a concentrated expression of the strong and deep feelings of farewell at this moment.
Three or four sentences are a whole. To deeply understand the deep affection contained in this invitation to drink before leaving, we have to involve "Going out of Yangguan from the West". Yangguan is located at the western end of the Hexi Corridor, opposite Yumenguan to the north. Since the Han Dynasty, it has been the passage from the mainland to the Western Regions. The country was strong in the Tang Dynasty, and there were frequent exchanges between the inland and the Western Regions. Joining the army or going on missions to Yangguan was a desirable feat in the minds of the people of the prosperous Tang Dynasty. But at that time, the west of Yangguan was still a desolate and desolate area, and the scenery was very different from that in the mainland. My friend's journey out of Yangguan in the West was a great feat, but it also required a long journey of thousands of miles, and the hardship and loneliness of walking alone in poverty. Therefore, "I urge you to drink another glass of wine" before leaving is like a cup of rich emotional nectar soaked in all the rich and deep friendship of the poet. There is not only a feeling of farewell, but also a deep concern for the situation and mood of the traveler, and a sincere wish to cherish the journey ahead. For the farewell person, persuading the other person to "drink one more glass of wine" not only allows the friend to take away one more point of friendship from him, but also intentionally or unintentionally delays the breakup so that the other person can stay for one more moment. How can the feeling of "no one knows anyone before leaving Yangguan in the west" belong only to travelers? I had a lot to say before leaving Yiyi, but there were so many things to say that I didn’t even know where to start. On such occasions, there is often a wordless silence. "I urge you to drink another glass of wine" is a way to break this silence unconsciously and a way to express the rich and complex emotions at the moment. What the poet has not said is much richer than what has been said. In short, although the three or four sentences capture only a moment of the scene, it is a moment that contains extremely rich content.
What this poem describes is the most universal parting. It has no special background, but has a deep feeling of farewell, which makes it suitable for singing at most farewell banquets. It was later incorporated into Yuefu and became the most popular and longest-sung song.