Qingming class record of ancient poems
Teaching material analysis:
Qingming is a poem in the unit exercise of grade four. The first two sentences of the poem create a sad and sentimental artistic picture, while the last two sentences create a vivid and vivid picture. The former is restrained and the latter is flamboyant, and the contrast is staggered, which makes each other interesting. Consistent with the poet's emotional pulse.
Analysis of learning situation:
At present, students are in the stage of simply reciting and knowing the general idea, so it is difficult to get into the artistic conception of ancient poetry and the author's feelings, and they are not interested in learning ancient poetry.
Design concept:
It is through the teaching of Qingming that primary school students are motivated, persevering, capable, transformed and innovative, constantly learning ancient poems, constantly improving their language ability, and truly improving their comprehensive quality, Chinese literacy and Chinese learning efficiency.
Teaching methods: reading aloud, looking at pictures and understanding poetry.
Teaching objectives:
1. Read and recite Qingming correctly, fluently and emotionally.
2. Understand the general idea of ancient poetry, imagine the artistic conception depicted in the poem, and experience the poet's feelings.
3. Through the perception of poetry, students can understand different forms of expression in practice.
Teaching emphases and difficulties:
Understand the general idea of ancient poetry: imagine the artistic conception depicted in the poem and experience the poet's complex emotions.
Teaching process:
First, talk about introduction and solving poetry problems.
1. What did you do during your holiday in Tomb-Sweeping Day just after Tomb-Sweeping Day?
2. Students talk. Understand the customs of Qingming: hiking, sweeping graves and the climate characteristics of Qingming. "Almanac" said: "On the fifteenth day after the vernal equinox, the bucket refers to Ding, for Ming, when everything is clean and clear, when it is covered, everything is clean and clear, hence the name."
Qingming is also a solar term.
Second, reciting ancient poems for the first time, learning methods.
1, transition: Du Mu, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem called Qingming, which recorded what he saw, heard and felt during the Qingming period and spread through the ages. Try to recite.
2. Understand the ways and means of learning ancient poetry.
Third, read the imagination and taste the poetic realm.
1, ancient people read poetry to sing, but we don't. We might as well imagine ourselves as a poet to read a long tune.
2. Read the first sentence "It rains in the Qingming Festival" and imagine the picture. Qingming, what Qingming season is this? It is raining. What kind of rain is this? What kind of scene did you see? Qingming, although it is a season of blooming green flowers and bright spring, is also a period when the climate is prone to change. Here, "like mushrooms after rain" is used to describe the artistic conception of spring rain.
3. Read aloud the poem "The pedestrians on the road want to break their souls" and imagine the picture. How do you feel on the road? Pedestrian, who do you mean? Why travel in the rain? Want to break the soul, what kind of mood is this? "Soul" mostly refers to spiritual and emotional things. "Soul-breaking" is an attempt to describe the hidden feelings in the heart, which are very strong, but not clearly expressed outside.
4. Recite the first poem together. Exploration: A little light rain is worth "breaking the soul". Isn't that reasonable? Understand: In ancient customs, Tomb-Sweeping Day is a big festival with rich colors and emotional appeal. It should be a family reunion, or a grave-sweeping. Nowadays, pedestrians walk alone, feeling sad and complicated. It happened that I caught up with the rain in Mao Mao again, and my spring shirt was all wet, adding a layer of sadness. So the poet used the word "broken soul".
5. So they all describe the spring rain, but they can also describe the mood, and even describe the spring rain, that is, describe the mood. This is the situation in China's classical poetry, and the situation is in the situation, and the situation is the situation, and the situation blends. "Rain clears up" and "Soul-destroying" are so subtle for China people. If your mood is so confused at some point in the future, you can also write down that it is raining in Mao Mao.
6. Refining and summarizing learning methods: How did we learn ancient poetry just now? (writing on the blackboard: reading ancient poems, thinking about pictures and understanding poems)
7. Learn the last two sentences by yourself: Read the poem aloud: "Excuse me, where is the restaurant? The shepherd boy refers to Xinghua Village. " Imagine the picture. Then an idea came to mind: where to find a small hotel.
8. Report and communication: Students read aloud. Figure: What do you seem to see? What did you hear? (Name two people to perform) Find two verbs: "Ask, point." It reveals the beauty of Yao: the distance that is neither too far nor too close, contains infinite meaning and interest, and causes infinite imagination. "Xinghua Village": a beautiful village in the depths of apricot flowers-it increases the aesthetic feeling of poetry and arouses infinite imagination. Summary: Poetry has come to an abrupt end, but through the taste of these two words, we find that poetry has reached its extreme, leaving us a broad imagination space.
9. Imagine the realm beyond poetry. What will the poet do when he sees Xinghua Village?
Fourth, supplement information and get to know the author.
Du Mu (803-852), a native of Mu Zhi, was a famous poet in the late Tang Dynasty. People put him and Du Fu together, calling him "Xiao Du" and Du Fu "Lao Du". "Xiao Du" is brilliant and ambitious. When writing poems, he likes to comment on the present, discuss the past and express his military and political views. He has many short poems describing landscapes, which are beautiful, fresh and natural, and are deeply loved by readers.
Fifth, perceptual variation promotes poetry.
1. Show the changes of poetry. Students' reading experience. Three-word poem: "Tomb-Sweeping Day, it rains one after another. People on the road want to break their souls. When asked about restaurants, it is more concise: "Qingming rain, soul-breaking people, looking for restaurants, apricot blossom village." "Four-character poem:" During the Qingming Festival, pedestrians lost their souls. where is the restaurant？ It refers to Xinghua Village. Where is it? Shepherd boy refers to. Xinghua village "
2. Ji Xiaolan, a gifted scholar in Qing Dynasty, changed the five musts: "When it rains, pedestrians want to break their souls. where is the restaurant？ Yao refers to Xinghua Village. " Someone changed this poem into six words: "It rained in succession during the Qingming Festival, and pedestrians died on the road. Asked where the restaurant was, the shepherd boy pointed to Xingcun. " According to legend, the punctuation of Su Shi, a great writer in the Song Dynasty, was slightly changed, which became a wonderful poem of "It rained in succession during the Qingming Festival, and pedestrians were on the road, trying to break their souls". Excuse me, where is the restaurant? There are shepherd boys, pointing out Xinghua Village. "Let the students try to adapt one.
3. Summary: All these forms record what they saw, heard and felt. The following Dragon Boat Festival, every day when children are happy and sad, can be recorded in one form or another.
Sixth, summarize the full text and enter the poetic realm.
Every year in Tomb-Sweeping Day, maybe in the next Tomb-Sweeping Day, in the drizzle, maybe you will recite it gently. Read Qingming together.
Teaching reflection:
Du Mu's Qingming is a well-known poem in primary school textbooks. In the teaching of this poem, most teachers just ask students to memorize it. So in middle school, when the teacher mentioned this poem, he asked the students to talk about its artistic conception or general idea, but few people could say it well. It can be seen that its teaching effect is not good. So how to teach this poem well? My thoughts on teaching design and after class are as follows:
First, try to figure out the significance of ancient poetry in imagination.
To understand the main idea of this poem, you can ask the following questions in a picture:
Qingming, what Qingming season is this? It is raining. What kind of rain is this? What kind of scene did you see?
How do you feel on the road? Pedestrian, who do you mean? Why travel in the rain? Want to break the soul, what kind of mood is this?
Let the students have their own understanding, feelings and gains according to the pictures, and let the children have their own language.
Read the poem aloud: "excuse me, where is the restaurant?" The shepherd boy refers to Xinghua Village. " Imagine the picture. Acting at the same table.
Imagine the realm beyond poetry. What will the poet do when he sees Xinghua Village?
Second, summarize learning methods and give children crutches.
Refining and summarizing learning methods: How did we learn ancient poetry just now? (Writing on the blackboard: reading ancient poems, looking at pictures, and interpreting poems) Students learn three or four sentences by themselves with the method they have learned, and the effect is good, which provides a sword for independent study of ancient poems in the future.
Thirdly, the topic inspired the exploration of poetic artistic conception.
1. This poem was written before and after the Qingming Festival. It was rainy, dense and thin. Spring rain, pedestrians, asking for directions, and shepherds pointing out Xinghua Village constitute the rainy scene in the wild in spring. What kind of artistic conception is this?
2. How to understand "Broken Soul"? There is a solution to "frustration". It is believed that there are many sunny and good rains, which make people lose their minds and express the poet's thoughts and feelings of longing for peace. There is a solution to "disappear without worry". It is considered that "soul-breaking" is a contrast with wandering, indicating that pedestrians are unwilling to go home even if they want to lose their souls.
3, various poems: There is a "sadness theory" that there is nothing happy about getting caught in the rain on the Qingming River. The so-called "continuous rain disturbs people, sweeping graves is sad. Where there is wine, the flag of Xinghua Village is faint. " There is a "disappointing theory" that spring outing is full of enthusiasm during Qingming Festival, but when it rains, it has to be disappointing. There is a "drunken theory" that spring is green, lingering back and forth, and spring rain pours people, and they are never tired of it. The so-called "spring scenery is intoxicating and loves rain and dew, and it is fascinating." I still have deep feelings for the restaurant, and the toast is very clear. "
Fourth, seeking differences and appreciating the artistic conception of poetry.
Let students feel the different charm and artistic conception of poetry again in the adapted three-character poems and five-character poems; Let the children write poems in a few words, read all kinds of poems and experience their feelings.
Fifth, cultivate children's abilities in all aspects in trust.
1, believe in children: give children a platform. Let children talk more, let children perform on stage, let children lengthen sentences, recite and so on. Let the children fully show themselves.
2, timely evaluation: this poem is adapted by you! They expressed their understanding of this poem with actions! Through the teacher's affirmation, let the children feel how great they are and how happy they are to learn!