After the Eastern Han Dynasty suppressed the peasant uprising, it adopted the strategy of divide and rule to crack down on the feudal separatist forces in the north and south. From the fifth year to the twelfth year of Jianwu (AD 29-36), Chong Peng in Yuyang, Qin Feng in Nanjun, Liu Yong in Liangdi, Zhang Bu in Tiqi, Li Xian in Lujiang, Dong Xian in the East China Sea, Cen Yan in Hanzhong, Tian Rong in Yiling, Xiao Wei in Longxi, Fang Lu and Gongsun Shu in Bashu were eliminated successively, and the unified Liu Han feudal regime was rebuilt.
In order to consolidate the newly established feudal regime in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Emperor Guangwu learned from historical experience and adopted a series of policies and measures to strengthen imperial power and ease class contradictions. [Edit this paragraph] Although the Sangong Mansion is set up, it belongs to Taige Guangwu. In the name of giving preferential treatment to the heroes and nobles, he was named Tian Zhai and a big official, and was relieved of his military and political power. Guangwu, in view of the importance of "three publics" in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, its authority moved down. Although the positions of "three public offices" were set up, all the administrative power was placed in the Shangshutai, which was directly commanded by the emperor in China and North Korea. Shangshutai has a Shangshuling, ranking 1,000 stone, a Shangshu servant and a Liucao Shangshu, all of which are 600 stone, and are in charge of all kinds of government affairs. There are Cheng, Lang, and other officials below. All government decrees are submitted directly to Emperor Chen by Shangshutai and ruled by the Emperor. Since then, "everything in the world is in history, and it is the next three (public) houses that participate in the decision-making with the owner"; "Although there are three places, it belongs to Taige" and "the three places are for staff only". However, at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the powerful ministers added the title of "Shangshushi", which made their power move down again, and Shangshutai became the tool of ministers' dictatorship. [Edit this paragraph] Streamline the organization and reduce redundant staff. In the sixth year of Jianwu (AD 30), it reached the ministries of Li Mu by imperial edict, reducing the number of officials. If the county and country are not enough to have a chief executive, they can merge and go to Dasitu and Dasongfu. So "there are more than four hundred counties, and the official positions are reduced, and one in ten is placed. "At the same time, abolish the local military system in the Western Han Dynasty, abolish the soldiers in the mainland counties, and abolish the post of county magistrate. The annual conscription training in the county was also cancelled, and the local defense was replaced by the recruited professional army. However, at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the history of state animal husbandry gradually gained weight, with both military, political and financial power, and local forces gradually rose. [Edit this paragraph] Advocating Confucianism, praising integrity, and advocating martial arts inherited the tradition of Confucianism in the Western Han Dynasty. After the establishment of the Eastern Han Dynasty, imperial academy was established, and doctors were set up to teach all kinds of classics by family law. When Emperor Guangwu visited Lu, he sent a general to offer sacrifices to Confucius. Later, he named Confucius' descendant, Kong Zhi, as a tribute to Confucius. In particular, it worships the divination superstition created by Confucianism in modern literature. As early as the establishment of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Emperor Guangwu imitated Wang Mang, Gongsun Shu and others, and took divination as the basis of his destiny, instructing his old classmate Huaqiang to forge a divination called "Red Fufu": "Liu Xiu sent his troops to catch no way, and the four barbarians gathered in the wild, and fire was the main thing in April and July", indicating that he inherited the fire virtue of the Western Han Dynasty, which was "the time when the heart of heaven and earth hung down. While advocating Confucian theology, Emperor Guangwu praised integrity for some bureaucratic celebrities who were obsessed with wealth and attached to Wang Mang at the end of the Western Han Dynasty. He commended and appointed those bureaucratic celebrities who lived in seclusion and were loyal to the Han Dynasty, praising them for their "high morality and frugality", in an attempt to cultivate a social atmosphere of attaching importance to fame and serve the consolidation of feudal rule in the Eastern Han Dynasty. [Edit this paragraph] Pay attention to people's livelihood, share the interest with the people first, and release handmaiden and criminals. Since the late Western Han Dynasty, the number of peasants who became slaves and abusers has increased day by day, which has become an important issue in sharpening class contradictions in the late Western Han Dynasty. In the last years of Wang Mang, many handmaiden and criminals took part in the uprising. At the same time, there are also many handmaids and torturers among some separatist forces. During Liu Han's reconstruction of feudal regime, Emperor Guangwu repeatedly issued decrees to release handmaiden, and stipulated that anyone who abused or killed handmaiden would be punished. The imperial edict exempted handmaiden from the scope of Shu Ren, mainly because the officials and people were illegally held as slaves or sold as handmaiden because of poverty during the Han Dynasty. In the last years of Wang Mang, he was sold as a handmaiden because of famine or war. Was plundered as a wife in the war. In addition, it is also stipulated that handmaiden shall not be killed at will, and the law of "handmaiden shooting and wounding and abandoning the city" has been abolished, which shows that the status of handmaiden has improved compared with the past. At the same time, in the imperial edict of saving and reducing punishment, the prisoner was released many times, that is, "I am exempt from being Shu Ren."
Second, rectify official management and advocate thrift. In view of the corruption of bureaucracy and extravagance of bureaucrats in the late Western Han Dynasty, Emperor Guangwu paid attention to rectifying bureaucracy, practicing thrift, rewarding incorruptibility and selecting talents as local officials after he ascended the throne. Moreover, it is strict with local officials and strict with rewards and punishments. Therefore, after the rectification, the official atmosphere has changed. Therefore, the biographies of officials in the later Han Dynasty have a good reputation of "internal and external bandits are slack and people are comfortable".
Third, tax collection is sparse, criminal law is preserved, martial arts is suppressed, and interest is shared with the people. In the early years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, in view of the post-war production depression and the sharp drop in population, Guangwu paid attention to the policy of recuperating with the people, and the first thing was to collect taxes. In the sixth year of Jianwu (AD 30), a letter was issued to restore the tax system of thirty taxes and one tax in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty. Followed by the provincial criminal law. Secondly, Yanwu's writing, which has not been marginalized. Guangwu "knows the exhaustion of the world, thinks about music and rests on his shoulders. Since Longshuping, he has never said anything about the army." In the 21st year of Jianwu (AD 45), sixteen countries, such as Shanshan and Dongshi in the Western Regions, "all sent their sons to serve, and they are willing to ask them to protect them. ..... The emperor decided from the beginning that China did not care about foreign affairs, but also rewarded his servant with a generous reward. " In the twenty-seventh year of Jianwu (AD 5 1 year), nirvana in fire hero Cang Gong and hero Ma Wu wrote: Please send troops to destroy the Xiongnu when the Xiongnu is divided and the northern Xiongnu is weak, so as to make "the power of carving stones immortal". Guangwu wrote: "Without good governance in this country, the disaster is endless. People don't protect themselves, and they are far from the point of desire! " ..... it is better to let the people rest. "
Fourth, in order to contain powerful forces, we should implement cross-disciplinary policies. The Eastern Han regime was originally established with the support of powerful forces. However, the development of powerful forces and the gradual serious land annexation not only threatened the imperial power, but also affected people's lives. In order to strengthen the imperial court's control over the cultivated land and labor force in the whole country, and to average the burden of taxes and corvees, in the fifteenth year of Jianwu (AD 39), a decree was promulgated to "check the number of acres of cultivated land and the number of registered permanent residence, and check the unjust people of 2,000 stone officials". It is to require counties to measure land and verify household registration as the basis for correcting land reclamation, population and taxation. After the imperial edict, I met with strong resistance. Guangwudi ordered the execution, Henan Yin, prefect of other counties in other places, etc. 10, and said that it would be strictly investigated. As a result, local strongmen rebelled, and armed rebellion even broke out in some areas, "especially in the four States of Qing, Xu, You and Ji". Guangwu had to drop it. As a result, Tada ended in failure.
Due to the implementation of various policies and measures to varying degrees, it created favorable conditions for the recovery and development of social production, which greatly increased the cultivated land and population, thus laying a material foundation for the country's prosperity in the early 80 years of the Eastern Han Dynasty. [Edit this paragraph] Guangwu Zhongxing Yuntai will list 32 Yuntai people, the first 28 are founding heroes, and they will stay for 28 nights, that is, Yuntai will be 28.
Deng Chengwu, Wang Chenjun and Geng Yan
Twenty-eight generals of Yuntai Du Zangfu Juan Cenba Ren Guang Ji Zun rumbled Li Jingdan finished the show, covered Yan Pi Tong Yan Liu Zhigeng Chun Zanggong Ma Wuliulong.
There are 32 people in Yongping, including Wang Chang, thomas lee, Dou Rong and Zhuomao. Therefore, according to the end of the elder brother's article, he aims to make contributions for the second time.
Among the 28 generals in Yuntai, as long as they are related to the royal family, they are not listed: for example, Guangwu's cousins Lailai, Yin Xing, Yin Shi and Chen Deng (Guangwu's brother-in-law) have made great contributions, but they were not included in the list. Ji Zun's younger brother is a national hero, and Ji Tong is not one of them.
Ma Yuan is not here (Queen Ming Di)
Guangwu has many talents, each according to his ability, but the most powerful is Guangwu himself. Fighting Kunyang, patrolling Hebei, calming the south of the Yangtze River, and planning Bashu are admirable, just like surging rivers.