Huang Tingjian, the first composition of Gu Ti, emphasized that "the article must be carefully arranged". He not only accepted the artistic experience of Ouyang Xiu and others in composing poems with ancient prose structure, but also was inspired by the popular zaju art at that time, and proposed: "Writing poems is like making zaju, which is arranged at the beginning and appears only after a slap in the face." (See Wang Zhifang's poem) It means to make an unexpected turning point where necessary, just like the "clapping" in the drama of joining the army, which produces artistic tension with the sudden break of meaning. Regardless of the length, Huang Tingjian's poems are often well-organized, with profound clues, steep turning points and endless knots. Long articles, such as Tankou Storm for Three Days, Two Rhymes: Guo Hua Qiu Shan, are well-organized and well-arranged. Short stories, such as "Reading with Chen Junyi is too true", the fourth article: "The court has nothing to do, and the flowers and willows are affectionate. I didn't expect Hu Chu's heart to move, and then he continued to become a lonely person. " The first two sentences render a peaceful banquet atmosphere, a warm spring scenery, and the last two sentences are reversed by the word "unconsciously", and the atmosphere suddenly changes and the situation takes a turn for the worse. Because this poem is good at layout, there is a great contrast between the two parts of the whole poem, which has a unique aesthetic effect and contains profound historical reflection. "Guti" pays attention to syntax. The so-called syntax refers not only to the sentence structure of poetry, but also to the rules of poetic language use, involving sentence eye, balance and rhyme. Appreciating the novelty of ancient law is Huang Tingjian's requirement for syntax. In his poetry creation, he tried a variety of syntax commonly used and rarely used by predecessors, thus creating his own unique syntax. For example, "Pasturing Cattle with Bamboo Stone": "The wild path is small and majestic, and the secluded place is green. The boy is three feet tall, so he is a baby. Wu Shi likes it very much, so don't send cows to grind their horns. The horn is acceptable, and the bull fights me. " This poem, with its peculiar syntax and sentence pattern, ingenious rhetoric, awkward tone and new language, is quite different from the syntax of the Tang Dynasty's "Round Beauty Circulation", which Huang Tingjian emphasized and deliberately achieved. Later, Jiangxi poets tried their best to imitate it, which became the magic weapon for Jiangxi poets to create poems handed down from generation to generation. Huang Tingjian's efforts in poetry syntax, especially in sentences with nearly perfect style, have completed the unfinished new changes in Song poetry since Mei and Ouyang Xiu.
Third, the word method
"Valley style" also emphasizes the word method. Pay attention to things, write hard words, refine words and make sentences, turn the stone into gold, and deliberately put aside differences. Taking Huang's poems as an example, the sound of frying tea is described by "blowing a car around the gut" (see "Giving the troupe a half-standing and innocent, the poem has a preface"), while the noble character and bright festival of bamboo are compared by people with lofty ideals in ancient times as: "Being a person, being lonely, being a barbarian, being a Shu Qi person, being thin" (see "Posting the title proclaimed by Master Ben Jun of Rongzhou Zuyuan" "Guti" also has the characteristic of peculiar melody. The sentences in Huang Tingjian's poems often break the routine, such as: "The heart is not dead, and the spring scenery in the mirror cannot be beautiful." (See the second rhyme of "Liu Tong sends Wang Wentong") vigorous and strange. The so-called "awkward sentence" is mainly to change the sentence pattern and parallelism in the rhyme, or to make the style abnormal by changing the sentence order, or to make the tone abrupt by changing the parallelism between a sentence and a couplet, so as to deliberately create an effect of breaking the balance and harmony, giving people a strange and stubborn feeling. Such as "herding cattle with bamboo and stone": "I love it very much and don't send cattle to grind their horns." The horn is acceptable, and the bull fights me. " One or three of them changed the orthography of five-character poems, making the style weird. Another example is Pei Zhongmou, the second rhyme in the same year: "Wuyang is only a hundred miles away from the leaves, and the sons and daughters are all teenagers." "Hundred" should be flat and flat, and "All" should be flat and flat, so I feel that syllables are arrogant. Another example is "Meteor Temple": "Meteors build deep houses, and the old man Long Ge writes poems. It is too late to doubt the sail of the Yangtze River. The banquet is isolated from the world, and no one knows the beauty of painting. Every hive has its own residents, and a tea vine is cooked everywhere. " This poem is great compassion and salvation, extraordinary and vigorous, creating a quiet and unique realm. Huang Tingjian has more than 300 poems with seven rhythms, half of which are parallel prose. This deliberate practice of making strange sentences, hard words, avoiding soft words and cliches is an important factor in forming a new thin and hard style of Gu-ti poetry.