Poetry about objects
It is a poem that expresses one's aspirations or expresses one's emotions by borrowing objects. It embodies humanistic thoughts through the chanting of objects. The "things" chanted in poems about things are often the author's own situation, which is completely integrated with the poet's self-image. The author places certain feelings in the description of things. In the poem, the author may reveal the author's attitude towards life, or express his good wishes, or contain the philosophy of life, or express the author's interest in life.
Famous poems about things
Tang Luo Binwang's "Cicada", Yuan Wangmian's "Ink Plum", Ming Yuqian's "Lime Ode", Song Dynasty Wang Anshi's "Plum Blossom", Qing Zheng Xie's "Bamboo and Stone", Tang Li He "Horse Poems", Tang He Zhizhang's "Ode to Willows", Tang Du Fu's "Yan Zheng's Mansion to Ode Bamboo"
When appreciating poems about things, you should pay attention to grasp them from the following perspectives.
Image analysis
①Appreciate the author's grasp and portrayal of the characteristics of the thing he is chanting, that is, image analysis. The ancients said that when writing poems about things, one should be "neither nor separated", which means that they should not stay on the surface of things (not stagnate with things), but should also be in line with the characteristics of the things being chanted (the song should be as beautiful as possible). The ancients admired Lin Hejing's "Sparse shadows slanting across the clear water, and the faint fragrance floats in the moonlit dusk" because the author used the slanting silhouette of the plum branches by the water under the moon to describe its awe-inspiring and clear demeanor.
Grasp the author's feelings in describing things
② Grasp the feelings of the author in describing things. Since poems about objects express aspirations, they must also express their own feelings. Tao Yuanming's chanting of chrysanthemums expresses his leisurely mood and his lack of admiration for wealth; Lu You's chanting of plum blossoms shows that he is not vulgar and sticks to justice. The emotional expression of some poems about things is more subtle and requires more careful understanding. Due to the author's different experiences, interests and hobbies, as well as the perspective of observing things and the depth of understanding, the same thing often has different feelings and expresses different emotions. There were three poets in the Tang Dynasty who all wrote poems about cicadas. King Luo Bin, who was falsely accused of imprisonment, expressed the voice of a "man in distress" who said "the fog is heavy and it is difficult to fly in, and the wind is loud and easy to sink"; Li Shangyin, whose official career was stagnant, What he laments is the plight of the "complainers" who "cannot afford to eat because of their high position, but hate their efforts in vain"; while Yu Shinan, who occupies a high position, expresses the "noble people" who "speak loudly and keep themselves far away, and do not take advantage of the autumn wind" Full of ambition. They all captured the characteristics of the cicada's high-pitched chirping, but they all incorporated their own different feelings and expressed their own unique emotions. Of course, not all poems about objects contain clear sustenance from the author, but regardless of whether there is sustenance or not, a good poem about objects always attracts readers with its vivid images and strong beauty, and intentionally or unintentionally, or Deeply or lightly, through the things chanted, it may reveal the author's attitude towards life, or express beautiful ideals, or imply the principles of life.
Analyze the writing skills of poems about chanting things
③Analyze the writing skills of poems about chanting things. Poems about objects support objects and express aspirations, and often use rhetorical techniques such as personification, metaphor, pun, and metonymy in specific descriptions. For example, Yu Qian's "Ode of Lime": "Thousands of hammers have carved out the deep mountains, and the fire has burned them as if it were nothing. Don't be afraid of your bones being shattered, you must leave your innocence in the world." This is a relatively simple and straightforward chant that expresses one's ambitions. The word "innocent" in the poem is not only a chant of the appearance and characteristics of the object being chanted, but also a high-level summary of its charm and character. The value of this poem lies in the use of lime to describe oneself everywhere, expressing one's determination to be loyal to the country, not afraid of sacrifice, and to uphold noble sentiments. To chant lime is to sing about one's upright mind and noble and innocent personality. In terms of overall concept, poems about things usually use the technique of side contrast. For example, Lu Guimeng's "White Lotus": "There are many plain flowers that are deceived by others. This flower ends in Yaochi. Who can see the ruthless hatred? When the moon is clear and the wind is clear, it is about to fall." It is to use the background of "the moon is clear and the wind is clear" to write White Lotus. Unique temperament and charm. "Inscribed on Chrysanthemums" writes: "The rustling west wind fills the courtyard with plants, and the pistils are cold and fragrant, and butterflies are hard to come. If I were the Qing Emperor in another year, I would repay the peach blossoms with blooming." This poem praises chrysanthemums, which is contrary to the literati's depiction of chrysanthemums standing tall and lonely. The unconventional and unconventional tradition endows the chrysanthemum with the spirit of standing proudly against the wind and the cold, and fighting against the heaven and the earth. The reading is touching and touching. The autumn wind rustles, thousands of trees are withered, and the chrysanthemums in the courtyard stand upright in the cold, blooming in the wind, their fragrance is cold, and their beauty is brilliant. Although they bloom at the wrong time, there are few bees and butterflies, and they are quite desolate and desolate, the fragrance of the chrysanthemums is not reduced at all, and they are proud and proud. Maybe the flowers bloom loudly in spring, with strong fragrance, flying bees and butterflies, and spring light in the eyes, but the chrysanthemum holds its head high, smiles proudly in the wind and frost, has a strong fragrance, and is cool and attractive, showing a rock-solid appearance. An unyielding spirit as hard as steel. In fact, this is a metaphor for the peasant rebel army's firm will, tenacious style, unfailing belief, and a fighting spirit of challenging the powerful and daring to do anything. The third and fourth sentences are the author's romantic fantasy, which can quite show the poet's heroic ambition. The author imagines that one day he will become the "Qing Emperor" (the God of Spring), and he will let the chrysanthemums and peach blossoms bloom together and enjoy the spring scenery. This passionate imagination expresses the author's grand ambition. The chrysanthemum in the poem is actually the embodiment of thousands of farmers living in dire straits. The author not only admires their tenacious vitality in facing the cold, but also complains about their environmental fate and is determined to fight against the world and change the working people. Their tragic fate allowed them to stand up and be liberated, and enjoy a better life.
It is worth noting that "Retribution and peach blossoms bloom together" also reflects the author's simple concept of equality. Because in the author's opinion, chrysanthemums and peach blossoms are both one of the hundred flowers. Peach blossoms can bathe in the spring light and show their beauty, but chrysanthemums are independent in the cold autumn, and their pistils are cold and fragrant. This is really a great injustice from God. In addition, although "I will be the Qing Emperor in another year" is a hypothesis, an imagination, and a fantasy, it shows that the poet does not succumb to the mercy of fate, is not willing to be a cow or a horse, and vows to be the master of the family. Self-arrogance; in fact, it is also an ideal portrayal of the leaders of the Peasant Revolutionary Rebellion who want to overthrow the old regime and seek happiness for the masses. Of course, we can also see the poet's fighting spirit of going forward indomitably, fighting to the end, and even knowing that he can't do it. The whole poem is bold and impassioned.