When was the Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture established? What is the current situation?

1958 The population of Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture is 6349 12. Lisu is an ancient member of our national family. They mainly live in Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province, and the rest are distributed in Lijiang, Diqing, Dali, Baoshan, Dehong, Chuxiong, Lincang and other counties. Yanyuan, Yanbian, Muli and Dechang counties in Sichuan Province are also distributed. According to the statistics of the fifth national census in 2000, the population of Lisu is 6349 12. Lisu language is used, belonging to Yi branch of Tibeto-Burman language family of Sino-Tibetan language family. Three scripts have been used successively, one is phonography created by western missionaries, the other is syllable script created by Lisu farmer Wang Renbo in Weixi County, and the third is Latin alphabet script created after the founding of New China, which has been implemented in Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture. The name of the Lisu nationality was first seen in the works of the Tang Dynasty, and Schumann of Fan Chuo called it "chestnut millet", which was considered to be an integral part of "Wu Man" at that time. It has close ethnic origin with Yi and Naxi nationalities. According to folklore and historical records, in the 8th century A.D., the ancestors of Lisu people lived on both sides of Jinsha River and were once ruled by two powerful tribes, Biedeng and Lin Liang. /kloc-After the 0/2nd century, the Lisu people were ruled by the military and civilian headquarters of Lijiang Road in the Yuan Dynasty and Mu, the local magistrate of Lijiang in the Ming Dynasty. /kloc-In the middle of the 6th century, due to the war and opposition to the oppression and plunder of the wooden toast, a large number of Lisu people, headed by Mubiba, crossed the Lancang River, crossed the Robbie Snow Mountain and entered the Nujiang area. In the following two centuries, a large number of Lisu people migrated from west to south to Dehong, Lincang and Gengma. Others went south along the Jinsha River and entered Luquan and Dayao. /kloc-In the 1920s of 0/9, in Lijiang, Yongsheng, Huaping and other places near Lisu people in the mainland, the Qing Dynasty implemented the policy of "returning home". Some hereditary Naxi and Bai Tusi were replaced by Liu Guan. 1908, the governor of Yunnan, Guizhou and Lijiang sent Fox Xia, a member of the Adunzi (Deqin) Department, to inspect the Nuxun River, and Fox Xia appointed the female crown and Yuan Yucai to manage the affairs of Nujiang River and Tuojiang River (Dulong River) respectively, and ordered the banning of the original toast of CommScope, Ye Zhi and ChaHuarong. 19 1 1 year, the British colonialists occupied the territory of China, such as Piama, Fish Cave and Fanggang. After the Revolution of 1911, Cai E, Commander-in-Chief of Yunnan Army, appointed Li Genyuan, Commander-in-Chief of the Western Defence Army and Commander of the First Division, to form three border guards to enter the Nujiang River area, thus preventing the British colonial forces from spying on the Nujiang River. Since then, Yunnan local government has set up four administrative committee offices in Nujiang, namely, Zhiziluo (Bijiang), Shangpa (Fugong), Acorus calamus (Gongshan) and Lushui. After 1928, it was changed to the executive board, and a public security bureau was set up in Maodang, Danjiang to manage the affairs of Dulong River. Social Economy Before the founding of New China, the social and economic development of Lisu people was very uneven. Lisu people living in Lijiang, Weixi, Yongsheng, Yunlong, Lanping, Baoshan and Sichuan have entered the feudal landlord economy society. The Lisu people living around Liangshan, large and small, have been divided into some small and medium-sized slave owners engaged in agriculture or semi-farming and semi-hunting. The productivity of Lisu people living in Nujiang River is low, iron tools are used with bamboo, wood, fruits and vegetables, and slash-and-burn primitive agriculture is the mainstay, supplemented by hunting and gathering, and the social division of labor is not obvious. Handicraft and commerce have not yet been separated from agriculture. The implementation of barter exchange, Bijiang, Fugong and other counties have some primary markets for barter. The private ownership of land in the Lisu area of Nujiang River has been established, and the rural class has been divided, but there are still remnants of primitive public ownership and parental slavery. The land system is divided into three forms: individual private ownership, family * * * partnership system, village community and family public ownership. There is also a common * * * farming system, "Hamibele", which is an original form of cooperation between land ownership and farming from public ownership to private ownership. From 16 to the beginning of the 20th century, the Lisu people in Nujiang still had paternal slavery. Slaves are treated as family members or adopted sons, and their daily life is slightly different from their masters, so their social status is low. Some slaves can be redeemed and become free men. By 1949, the patriarchal slavery in Nujiang area basically collapsed. Until the 1950s, the Lisu people still retained obvious clan remnants. The group composed of descendants of the same ancestor is "early Russia", that is, clan. The ethnic names of Lisu people in Nujiang area are tiger, bear, monkey, snake, sheep, chicken, bird, fish, mouse, bee, buckwheat, bamboo, vegetable, hemp, teak, plow and frost. Eight ethnic names are also symbols of totem worship of various clans. Under the same clan, the kinship group composed of the second generation to the fourth generation of the father is called "TiRussia", which means family. Family also plays a certain role in real life. A village composed of several different clans and families is called "Kang". Some village leaders are naturally formed, and some old people recommend each other, which is called "rubbing me"; The person in charge appointed by the government is called "Shipa". Chiefs are not allowed to inherit, and their duties are: leading production internally, mediating disputes, presiding over sacrifices, paying tribute to foreign countries, distributing labor, leading blood clan to take revenge, and concluding covenants.