brief introduction
In the Heron Pavilion, poets in the Tang Dynasty wrote a chapter specially for the mirage (also called the mirage) in yongji city. According to the Records of the Great Unification of Qing Dynasty, the former site of this building is located in the southwest of Zhou Pu, Shaanxi Province (now Yongji County, a house in the river in the Tang Dynasty), located in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River, and sometimes storks inhabit it, hence the name. Because of its spectacular structure, unique structure and magnificent momentum, coupled with superior geographical location and beautiful scenery, literati and poets of all dynasties have boarded this building one after another to express their feelings with songs, leaving many immortal chapters commanding and admiring the great river.
Shen Kuo, a great scientist in the Northern Song Dynasty, wrote in "A Random Talk on Meng Xi": "The mirage in the middle of the river has three floors, overlooking the middle area and overlooking the river. There are many poets in the Tang Dynasty, but Li Yi, Wang Zhihuan and Chang Dang can strengthen their views. Among these three poems, Li Yi's poem is the seven laws; Wang Zhihuan and Chang Dang's poems are five unique poems, all entitled "In the Heron Villa". Among them, Wang Zhihuan's "In the Lodge of the Heron" is the most popular, and its poetic and picturesque meaning is magnificent, which can be called a masterpiece. However, Wang Zhihuan's poems were the first. Comparatively speaking, they lost in the end, so Wang's poems had to be once and for all.
[Edit this paragraph] The three most famous poems
Li Yi, at the Heron Villa.
The stork tower is 100 feet west, the clouds and trees in Tingzhou are boundless, the flute is empty, and the Weishan River is half dusk.
A thousand years later, you still hate speed, but one day's worries are long. The wind and smoke homesick, far away will hurt yourself.
Wandering, at the heron hotel.
Stay close to the birds and away from the noise.
The weather surrounds Ye Ping, and rivers pass through the mountains.
Wang Zhihuan is at Luniao Mountain Villa.
The sun sets slowly near the western hills, and the Yellow River flows into the East China Sea.
By going up one flight of stairs, look further.
[Edit this paragraph] The detailed explanation and translation of Wang Zhihuan's "Stay at the Heron".
[Introduction to the author]
Wang Zhihuan (688-742), a native of Jinyang, Ji Ling (now Taiyuan, Shanxi), moved to Jiangzhou (now Xinjiang, Shanxi) and was a poet in the Tang Dynasty.
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○ Pingsheng ● Pingsheng ⊙ Pingkecuo △ Yunping ▲ Yun Yun
The sun sets slowly near the western hills, and the Yellow River flows into the East China Sea.
●●○○● ○○●●△
By going up one flight of stairs, look further.
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[Notes]
1. Stork Tower: The former site is in Yongji County, Shanxi Province. The building is three stories high, with Zhongtiao Mountain in front and the Yellow River at the bottom. Legend has it that storks often inhabit here, hence the name.
2. Day: the sun.
3. Everyone: Disappear.
4. rely on: rely on. The sun sets near the mountains.
5. Poverty: Exhausted, reaching the extreme.
6. clairvoyance: broad vision.
7. More: Come again.
[translation]
The sunset slowly sank to the west hill,
The surging Yellow River flows to the East China Sea.
If you want to see the scenery thousands of miles away,
Then you have to climb a higher tower.
[Edit this paragraph] Appreciation of Wang Zhihuan's "In the Lodge of the Heron"
poetic sentiment
The extraordinary ambition of the poet in this poem reflects the enterprising spirit of the people in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
Among them, the first two sentences are what you see. "The Mountain Covers the Day" is about the view, the mountain, and the scenery seen from the stairs. "And the Ocean Drains the Gold River" is about the close-up view, and the water is magnificent and magnificent. Here, the poet captured the rivers and mountains of Wan Li in a very simple and plain language with just ten words; When we read these ten words a thousand years later, we seem to be underground, and we feel open-minded when we see the scenery.
Looking into the distance, a touch of sunset sank to the endless rolling mountains in front of the building and disappeared into Ran Ran at the end of the field of vision. This is the sky view, the distant view and the western view. The second sentence is about the Yellow River flowing through the front and bottom of the building, roaring south, then turning east in the distance and flowing to the sea. This is from the ground to the horizon, from near to far, from west to east. When these two poems are combined, the scenery of up and down, far and near, and things are all contained under the pen, which makes the picture look particularly broad and distant. As far as the second poem is concerned, the poet can't see the Yellow River entering the sea from the stork building. The sentence is about the poet's view of the Yellow River far from the horizon, which is a way to combine the prospect with the view of the middle. This writing increases the breadth and depth of the picture. Calling the sun "daytime" is a realistic style. The setting sun holds the mountain, and the clouds cover the fog. At this time, the brightness of the weakened sun is even dimmer, and the poet directly observes the wonders of the sun. As for the "Yellow River". Of course it is also realistic. It flies like a golden ribbon in the mountains. What the poet presented to him was a magnificent picture. This picture is still in a fast-changing dynamic. It's only a short process to walk by the mountain for a day; The Yellow River flows to the sea, but it is an eternal movement. If this kind of scenery is beautiful, then it is a dynamic beauty, full of infinite vitality and lively beauty. This is not a so-called "freeze frame", not a precious fossil or specimen. We were deeply impressed by the generosity of the poet.
Write the last two sentences. "But you have broadened your horizons by three hundred miles", a poet's endless desire to explore, wants to see further and see where his eyesight can reach. The only way is to stand higher and "walk up a flight of stairs". "A thousand miles" and "the first floor" are imaginary numbers, which are both vertical and horizontal spaces in the poet's imagination. The words "to be poor" and "to be better" contain many hopes and longings. These two well-known poems are not only unexpected, but also very natural, close to the first two. At the same time, the use of the word "Lou" at the end also plays a role in pointing out that this is a poem about climbing stairs.
It can be inferred from the second half of the poem that the first half was written on the second floor. The poet wanted to see the distant scenery as far as possible, and even climbed to the top floor of the building. The poem seems to write the process of climbing stairs straightforwardly, but it has far-reaching implications and is intriguing. Here is the poet's enterprising spirit, forward-looking mind, and also the philosophy of standing high and looking far.
[Writing characteristics]
As far as the whole poem is concerned, this poem is said by the Japanese monk Konghai in On the Chamber of Secrets in the Mirror. Some people say that poetry should not be reasonable. This should only mean that poetry should not be blunt, boring and abstract, not that philosophy cannot be revealed and promoted in poetry. Just like this poem, it perfectly dissolves truth, scenery and events, making readers feel comfortable instead of reasoning. This is a mode to express the philosophy of life through thinking in images according to the characteristics of poetry.
The writing of this poem has another feature: it is a quatrain full of antithesis. In the first two sentences, the nouns "daytime" and "Yellow River" are relative, the colors "white" and "yellow" are relative, and the verbs "one" and "ru" are relative. The last two sentences are the same, which constitutes a formal perfection. When Shen De selected this poem in Tang Poetry and Song Poetry, he pointed out: "All four languages are correct, and it is not too expensive to read, so the bones are high." There are only two couplets in the quatrains, both of which are antithetical sentences. If it is not full of momentum and clear-cut, it will easily appear dull or fragmented. In this poem, the previous combination is the opposite name, the so-called "right and wrong", and the sentence is extremely neat, heavy and powerful, which shows the greatness of the scene written; The latter combination is that although the two sentences are relative, there is no trace of confrontation. The poet is also very mature in using dual skills.