Ascending the Mountain is a seven-metrical poem written by Du Fu, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, in Kuizhou in the autumn of the second year of Dali (767). The following is an excellent teaching design about rock climbing, I hope you like it!
Climb the peak
The wind is fast and high, the ape cries sadly, and the birds are circling in the white sand.
The endless trees are rustling leaves, and the Yangtze River is rolling unpredictably.
Li in the sad autumn scenery, a wanderer all the year round, lives alone on the high platform in today's illness.
After all the hardships and hatred, the white hair is full, and the wine glasses are damaged.
To annotate ...
1, Zhu: a small island in the water.
2, back: detour.
3, a hundred years: or a lifetime.
4, down and out: still sleepy, still in decline.
5. New Station: At this time, Du Fu is giving up drinking due to illness.
translate
The sky is high and windy, the autumn wind is cold, and the ape is very sad;
The banks of Qingjiang River are in vain, and gulls and herons fly back low.
Fallen leaves float endlessly, scattered layer by layer;
The endless Yangtze River is surging and rolling forward.
Being a guest in Wan Li, I often visit;
I've been ill all my life, and today I'm on my own.
The world is cold, life is hard, and I often hate Bai Rushuang;
I was depressed and depressed, so I gave up drinking and drinking.
Three poems by Du Fu? Teaching design of mountain climbing ⅰ. Teaching objectives
Knowledge and ability
1. Learn more about the author's life and the characteristics of his poetry creation.
2. Combine the text notes, master the key words and understand the basic meaning of the poem.
3. Be able to appreciate the artistic features of poetic blending and the gloomy poetic style.
4. Grasp the emotional tone of poetry, use reading skills and recite poetry.
(2) Process and method
Use reading method, cooperative inquiry method, etc. Complete the teaching objectives.
Emotional attitudes and values
1. Experience the multiple emotions expressed in the author's poems.
2. Gradually cultivate the aesthetic taste of poetry.
Second, the difficulties in teaching
1. Understand the imagery and artistic conception of poetry.
2. Perceive the deep feelings precipitated in cadence.
Third, the class type.
New teaching.
Fourth, class hours
1 class hour.
A brief analysis of verb (verb's abbreviation) text
Up the Mountain is selected from Lesson 5, Unit 2, Compulsory Chinese in Senior High School, People's Education Press. This unit is a poetry unit. The explanation of going up the mountain should be closely related to the teaching objectives and unit objectives. The fifth lesson is an excerpt from three poems by Du Fu in Kuizhou. At the end, we can make a longitudinal comparative reading of the three poems. "To the Top" is a poet's work expressing his feelings of wandering, illness and loneliness for many years. To learn this poem, we should be good at grasping the relationship between scenery and emotion and the poet's feelings of sadness, joy and anger, and contact the war situation at that time to deeply perceive the artistic conception in the poem. Stimulate students' creative imagination, and reproduce the vast picture scroll and lyrical heroic image of Qiu River. Understanding the thoughts, feelings and artistic features of this poem through re-creation mainly follows the basic framework of reading, appreciating and interpreting poetry.
Sixth, the teaching process.
(A) the introduction of new courses
Take the poems of Du Fu's junior middle school as the introduction.
Teachers should establish a view of history, establish the connection between old knowledge in junior high school and new knowledge in senior high school, and awaken students' cognition of Du Fu's poems in the past.
(2) Background materials
Du Fu (7 12? 770), with beautiful words, once lived in the west of Shaoling in the south of Chang 'an, claiming to be the elder of Shaoling, and was known as Du Shaoling in the world. He used to be the Foreign Minister of Du Gongbu's Ministry of Industry. He was a great realistic poet in China in Tang Dynasty. What is his masterpiece? Three officials? Say goodbye? . His poems reflect the history of the Tang dynasty and are called? History of poetry? Later generations praised him as? Poet saint? . This is Du Gongbu.
Du Fu was caught in the war, from the age of 48 to his death at the age of 58. He has been wandering outside for eleven years. It was the eighth year when I wrote this poem, and I died on my way out of Sichuan three years later. This poem was written by the author when he was in Kuizhou for two years in Dali. At this time? An Shi rebellion? It's been four years, but the political situation is still turbulent, Tubo keeps invading, and the soldiers are in a state of chaos, plus friends Li Bai, Yanwu and Gao Shi have passed away one after another? All this, like a thick cloud, weighed on Du Fu's mind. He came on stage sick to relieve his depression.
Design ideas gradually guide students to establish? Background awareness? A poet cannot be divorced from his times, nor can a poem be divorced from the poet's emotions. Knowing how to know people and discuss the world will make poetry transparent.
(c) Overall view
Listen to the tape.
2. Students read together.
The design idea teacher makes a demonstration of reading aloud, and the purpose of reading aloud is to let students pass? Reading? Perceive the text as a whole and think positively.
(4) Text analysis and taste appreciation (questioning, discussion, answering questions, counseling, and dispelling doubts)
1. There is a strong wind blowing in the sky, apes are sobbing, and birds are flying home on the clear lake and white beach? .
(1) How many scenes are written in the first couplet of this poem? What words are used to describe them respectively? What are the characteristics of writing six kinds of scenery in fourteen characters?
Reference:
This poem begins with six kinds of scenery: wind, sky, ape, bamboo, sand and birds. Separate use? Urgent? Tall? Whispering? Qing? White? Fly back? To describe. Write six kinds of scenery in fourteen words, which is extremely concise.
(2) How do people feel about the sudden wind, the high sky, the whining apes and birds? Put yourself in the shoes.
Reference:
? Sudden wind? It makes people feel cold. Physical and mental, but more importantly, mental; ? The sky is high? It seems that people in the world are very small and lonely; ? Sad ape? It makes people feel sad to hear its voice. The Wuxia Gorge of the Three Gorges in Badong is long, and the apes cry three times and burst into tears. .
Discussion: Bird, what kind of situation should it be? Is it a happy bird?
Reference:
A bird can be a bird that can't find food and home. It wandered around looking for its nest. It may also be a bird that has lost contact with the flock. In a word, this is a lonely and miserable bird, and it can only be one, not many. Because according to Du Fu's situation at this moment, Du Fu should be wandering alone.
The setting of the first link of design ideas mainly starts with images and artistic conception, but after decomposing the poem, we should reassemble it with our own understanding and grasp the overall artistic conception of the poem; When appreciating, we should dare to expand our imagination and use our imagination to fill the blank left by poetry.
2. Lotus leaves fall like the spray of a waterfall, while I watch the long river roll forward? .
(1) Zhuan Xu sketched an extremely broad and far-reaching picture for us, which was praised by our predecessors. Unique in ancient and modern times? what's up Transformation in sentences? . Write two kinds of scenery? (Falling Wood and the Yangtze River)
(2) Lenovo Du Fu's current situation, what did the poet think of in the face of this situation?
Reference:
(1) rustling of fallen trees: Du Fu will feel fleeting when he sees fallen leaves. Perhaps it will aggravate homesickness, and he will ask himself when this perennial wandering life will end. The endless Yangtze River: it is the infinity of time and the endless emotion of the long river of history. ? A river of no return, a romantic figure through the ages? He will transcend the limitations of time and space and think of the unfortunate experiences of some outstanding people in past dynasties. Looking at a thousand autumn days sadly, a tear? To express the pain of his ambition.
The problem design of conceiving couplets is similar to the first couplet, which allows students to understand the technique of blending scenes and infiltrate poetic skills into the expression of problems.
I came here from three thousand miles away. With the sadness of autumn, with my sorrow of a hundred years, I climbed this height alone? .
In the Song Dynasty, Luo Dajing read the Eight Meanings of the Neck Couplet. Then the students read and see how many meanings you can read. (group discussion)
Reference:
? Away from Wan Li; Autumn, when sad; Be a guest and travel; Frequent visitors, long-distance travel; A hundred years later, my teeth are dying; Sick and sick; Taiwan, high also; Alone on the stage, no relatives or friends. There are eight meanings between fourteen characters, and the duality is accurate. ?
Design ideas introduce the achievements of ancient people's analysis of poetry, guide students to think deeply and stimulate their enthusiasm for inquiry; This is called after-school exercise, and the explanation of the exercise should be reasonably involved in the explanation of the text.
Bad luck has frosted my temples, and heartache and fatigue are a thick layer of dust in my wine? .
Du Fu: Why? Bitter hate numerous frost temples? New turbid wine glasses? And then what?
Reference:
The difficulties of the country and the sufferings of the people aroused Du Fu's strong feelings of worrying about the country and the people. He is helpless and sick, and he can't do anything. How can he not be sad? The ancients thought that wine was the only way to relieve anxiety, but they couldn't drink it because they were sick. How can we let go of this melancholy and sadness? You can only relax in poetry and relax in your heart!
Design ideas to read and understand this poem, we should not only grasp the wonderful use of poetic context to express the feelings of characters, but also reveal the connotation of expressing the feelings of characters? The poet's strong feelings of caring for the country, the people and the world (the ideological connotation can also be understood as other levels, the reasons can be reasonable, but the general direction should be right); Answering questions requires a macro grasp of poetry.
(5) Appreciation summary
1. How to understand the feelings expressed by Du Fu in the poem Ascending the Mountain?
Reference:
In the late autumn, the poet climbs the mountains and looks at the mountains and rivers, pitching the universe, which can be described as intense and generous. There are sighs about wandering life, injuries to the old, the weak and the sick, and love for nature and persistence in life. Without reading the positive significance of this poem, we can't appreciate the poet's broad mind of worrying about the country and the people and regretting the passage of time. Hu Yinglin in Ming Dynasty called this poem? Is the ancient and modern seven-character law the first? This is not boasting.
This question is chosen because its statement and reference answers are enlightening to students, and the reference answers are multidimensional and hierarchical in grasping the author's emotions, which has a good guiding role for students.
2. Du Fu's poetic style: gloomy and frustrated.
Reference:
In the Qing dynasty, Wu booth's "Du's Topics" cloud:? Depressed people, meaning also; Frustrated people, the law is also. ? A sink? Namely. Deep? Deep and profound. ? Depression? Namely. Product? , dignified and subtle. ? Depression? , refers to rich and profound thoughts and feelings; ? Frustrated? , mainly for the twists and turns of language and rhythm, rather than smooth or unrestrained. Du Fu's poems contain a kind of accumulated emotional strength. Every time he wants to spit it out, his kindness and his Confucian self-restraint form a neutral attitude towards life, which suppresses the grief that is about to spit it out and makes it slow, deep and low. Personal grief has become a deep concern for people's suffering, leaving endless charm.
The design idea allows students to experience the exquisiteness of Du Fu's poetry art and thought again.
(6) Ability improvement
Play the reading video and feel it again.
(7) Outward bound training
Time-space dialogue? I have something to say to Lao Du? .
Design ideas This is an open topic, which gives students more opportunities to express their views. Lao Du is not poor, is he? . General idea: Du Fu's poetic achievements and his feelings of worrying about the country and the people; Peel off the poet's aura, restore the image of the old man who climbed alone on the Double Ninth Festival, and give humanistic care (focus).
Seven, blackboard design
Wind, sky, apes and sand birds? Loneliness and sadness
Write a scene:
The Yangtze River stretches as far as the eye can see? Time flies.
All scenery words are love words.
Sad autumn, sick debut? Wandering and loneliness
Lyrics:
Bitter hate frost temples new stop wine glasses? Anger and frustration
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