Cao Xun
The east wind is warm, it's already half spring, and the smoke of begonia is beautiful. The clear exhibition of the image reflects the emerald red. The tender tip is full of rouge, moving, and the flowers are beautiful. When it rains in Meng Meng, an oriole flies up, and several voices echo. The wind will stop. The vermilion column is silent at night, the toad is like water, and the first light is on. Love is full of fragrance, but it is difficult to combine it. Sadness is like a colorful cloud in a lamp, staying in a fragrant mirror. Bring wine, why not let the lace cool.
Begonia is one of the famous ornamental flowers, which has a long history in China. Begonia has been widely planted in the Song Dynasty, and there are many songs. Cao Xun's works are just one of them.
At the beginning of the poem, the poet carefully described the scene of begonia blooming: "The east wind is warm, and the spring is coming, and the begonia is beautiful." The first two sentences focus on the season: a warm current is blowing from the east wind, and everything is full of vitality. Gradually, the spring is over, and the vegetation is everywhere. It is in this case that Haitang blooms beautiful flowers with a smile. However, the poet here did not write directly, but wrote "to make a point." In mid-spring, the grass is lush, and even the grass on both sides of the path is green. In this evergreen bush, bright begonia flowers are blooming, so delicate and charming that even the smoky path looks beautiful. Therefore, the word "Li Yan Xiao Dao" is very wonderful as a painter. It shows a picturesque scene where the green texture and the red flowers set each other off. So, the poet went on to write: "It's like a sunny exhibition of Shu brocade, with jade reflected." "Shu Brocade" is an ancient Sichuan silk fabric, as famous as Luo Yue. Luo Yue Jin Shu's strange pattern of the world. Especially the brocade woven with red and green silk threads is even more beautiful and extraordinary. What the poet means here is that the begonia flowers are beautiful against the smoky vegetation, just like the gorgeous Shu brocade unfolding in the sunny day. Then, the poet wrote: "The tender tip is full of rouge, and the Xixi River moves. The flowers are really beautiful." "Xixi", the source of Futunxi, Jiangxixi and Sichuan and Fujian provinces, is called Xixi after meeting in Shunchang County. "Huanhua" means "Huanhuaxi", and Azhuo Jinjiang, also known as Baihuatan, is a tributary of Jinjiang in the western suburbs of Chengdu, Sichuan. These two places have always been the most prosperous places for begonia in the Tang and Song Dynasties. Zheng Gu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote in his poem "Appreciating Begonia in Shu": "Xiangquan is full of Shu township, and it is half broken with the wind and rain. It' s embarrassing over Huanhuaxi, and Zimei has no intention of carrying forward. " Jia Dao's two begonia poems (part two): "Yesterday, I heard from tourists that there are tens of thousands of branches in Fang Fei and Jinjiang. Even if Xuchang holds a healthy pen, it is pitiful and graceful. " In the Song Dynasty, there were more poems chanting Haitang in Shu. Therefore, Cao Xun, a poet, saw the begonia blooming like "ten thousand rouge" on the twigs in front of him, as if he felt that the beautiful scenery of begonia blooming in Xixi and Huanhuaxi areas of Sichuan had moved to his side, which was really beautiful.
The poet not only shows the beautiful picture of begonia flowers, but also adds a sense of movement to this picturesque realm. You see: "When it rains, orioles fly, so it is advisable to listen." Begonia flowers are beautiful in the drizzle. In the Tang Dynasty, Zheng Gu said in his poem Haitang that "beauty is best when it rains, and beauty is in full bloom." Because after rain washing, dirt is removed, the color of begonia flowers is brighter, fresher and more beautiful. At this time, an oriole flew by, bringing some melodious songs to make this picturesque realm more dynamic and charming.
The second part of the poem focuses on the beautiful image of Haitang in the moonlit night. The first four sentences: "The wind will settle. Zhu Lan is quiet at night. Toad flowers are like water, and the first photo is clear. " "Toad flower" is moonlight. At night, the wind stopped, and the bamboo column where the begonia flowers were located was quiet and there was no sound. Only the moonlight, such as water, spilled down, and it was all silvery white around. The beautiful image of begonia flowers is particularly beautiful in the moonlight. "Clouds break the shadow of the moon" is a wonderful scene composed of flowers and the moon in Zhang Xian's works. Although Cao Xun didn't directly write "Clouds Break the Moon" here, after the drizzle in the daytime, the beautiful begonia flowers have no moving shadow in the moonlight, just soft and static, and the hazy beauty under the hazy background of the moonlit night has endless meaning.
The next two sentences: "I like the fragrance all over the floor, but it's hard to combine the dark fragrance." This is a description of the fragrance of begonia. "Strong fragrance" means falling flowers here, and "difficult to combine" means difficult to compare. Begonia flowers are generally not very fragrant. Its advantage is beautiful color. Some people think it's a pity. After seeing the begonia in the Jin Dynasty, Shi Chong sighed, "If you can smell it, you should keep it in a golden house." (See Wide Crowd and Fragrance, Volume 35). However, the begonia in some places also has a strong aroma. "Guangqun Fangpu" contains: "Changzhou Haitang is unique. Its wood is broken, and each tree has more than 20 leaves, which is called Haitang Fragrant Country. ..... The begonia in Shujia Dingzhou has a unique fragrance. " Begonia in Song Dynasty is more fragrant. The begonia seen by the poet here may belong to this species. At the beginning, the poet has stated that the season is "spring half", not to mention wind and rain, so it is natural and practical to say that "flowers are everywhere" at night. The poet said it was a "strong fragrance" with many fallen flowers. But the poet didn't feel sad when he saw the flowers falling on the ground, but said "hi". What can he say about joy? The next sentence is the best explanation: because "the dark fragrance is hard to match." There are fallen flowers all over the ground, constantly emitting wisps of fragrance. The fragrance is so beautiful that almost no fragrance can compare with it. So a word "hi" wrote the poet's happy mood at that time. After describing the fragrance of begonia, the poet turned to describe the beauty of begonia under the moon: "Quiet as a colorful cloud, stay in the fragrant mirror." The legendary "Luan" is a bird like a phoenix. "Shuo Wen Jie Zi" wrote: "Luan is also the essence of God. Red, five picks, chicken shape. " The poet used a metaphor here, saying that the begonia flowers in the moonlight are quiet, just like a phoenix bird in a colorful cloud, quietly coming to this mirror-like moonlit night.
The last two sentences of the word show the poet's interest in eating, drinking and having fun: "Why not take wine with you?" Faced with such beautiful flowers, it is rare to have such moonlight and beautiful scenery, and the poet can't help but be elated and intoxicated with the flowers. What does it matter if the cold dew wets his clothes?
The word landscape is desirable. For example, at the beginning, the word "Li Yanjing" is used to describe the flowering form of begonia, which is subtle and vivid, as if it were a landscape painting. Emerald red and bright colors. Another example is the word "ten thousand rouge" used to write the color of begonia, which really shows the true colors of begonia. In addition, we should also pay attention to dynamic description when describing the state of things, so as to make the artistic conception of words more beautiful and vivid.