Ge Tianshi is the name of a legendary ancient tribe. According to legend, there is Ge Tian's music, which consists of three people playing oxtails and singing eight songs. He invented "music and dance" and was the ancestor of weaving and weaving. See "Lu's Spring and Autumn Period: Ancient Music Chapter". Basic introduction Real name: Ge Tianshi Era: Ancient times Ethnic group: Huaxia Birthplace: Ningling and Changge area, Henan Major achievements: Invention of "music and dance"; Mausoleum of the ancestor of weavers and weavers: Mausoleum of Ge Tianshi in Ningling, Shangqiu Documentary records, literary research, hometown disputes, Xuchang Changge theory, Shangqiu Ningling theory, related information, current situation, history, documentary records "Lu Shi" records: Ge Tianshi, Ge Tianzhe, Quan Tianye. Yuan imitates the rotating dome, which is the image of power. Therefore, he took Ge Tian as his nickname. It is to govern, to be confident without speaking, and to act on its own without changing. The soup is almost indescribable, but it is also a joy. The eight people catch the sticks, throw their feet, lick their tails and kowtow, and the horns are messed up and they sing eight songs. There is a piece of clay and a fou, and the martial arts follow it, which is called Guangle. So Mount Tai was sealed, currency was promoted, and the number meeting was established. Therefore, the flow of water was stagnant, and the world was in peace. Ge Tian's Mausoleum in Ningling County "The Book of Songs: Picking Ge" writes: He is picking Ge. If you don't see him for a day, it will be like March. This poem describes a man and a woman missing their partner during the work of picking kudzu. "That man picking kudzu! Not seeing him for one day is like not seeing him for three months!" This shows how deeply these loving men and women miss each other. So what are they going to do with Geteng? "The Book of Songs·Ge Tan" answers this question. Ge Zhiqinxi, applied to Zhonggu, Weiye Momo. Cut off the lotus seeds, make them into grains, and wear them without any hesitation. "Historical Records·Biography of Sima Xiangru" records that "playing Tao Tang's dance, listening to Ge Tian's song, thousands of people singing, ten thousand people harmonizing..." This is a social scene pursued by ancient Chinese intellectuals. Ge Tianshi is one of the most unique humanistic ancestors of the Chinese nation. "Ge Tianshi" is the "emperor" of the Three Emperors who "attacked the title of Fu Xi", and is also the ancestor of music, singing and dancing in our country. "Ge Tianshi's Music" recorded in documents such as "Lü's Spring and Autumn Annals", "Bamboo Chronicles" and "Historical Records" is an important source of Chinese music, poetry, dance, repertoire, agriculture, animal husbandry and health care. Getian culture is an important part of Yanhuang culture and Yellow River culture. Ningling is the hometown of Chinese music, singing and dancing, and the hometown of Ge Tian, ??the ancestor of music. Ge Tianshi Literary Research "The Book of Songs: Picking Ge" In the poem, "絺" means fine linen cloth, and "绤" means burlap. They chopped and smashed the collected kudzu, boiled the outer skin, extracted the fibers, twisted them into ropes, and woven them into fine linen and burlap to provide people with shelter, warmth, and protection against the severe cold. "The Book of Songs·Feng·Zheng Feng" records that on the third day of March every year, men and women put down their work of picking kudzu and go to the Qinwei River to pray for love and happiness. The young men and women took bluegrass and peony, which symbolized happiness, and gave them to each other as a joke to express their happiness and love. "The Book of Songs·Feng·Zheng Feng" is a folk poem from the Zheng people. It is consistent with Ge Tian's style of singing and dancing using ox tails as props and tapping the horns. Music and dance were born with the emergence of labor, especially vocal music. It is actually the chant of people's collective labor, an art that has been gradually improved with the development and evolution of history. In order to alleviate the sufferings of the people, Emperor Yan Shennong planted grains, tasted hundreds of herbs, and traveled through mountains and rivers. He discovered that this unique plant could both satisfy hunger and detoxify, so he collected its seeds and spread them all over the world. Later generations called it Pueraria lobata. "Huangdi Neijing" also records: In ancient times, ancestors used Pueraria vine to build Pueraria huts to live in, weave Pueraria lobata beds to sleep on, used Pueraria lobata fiber to spin ropes and weave cloth, and knit Pueraria lobata shoes; they used Pueraria lobata to satisfy hunger and heal diseases; Pueraria lobata multiplied for Chinese humans. Made significant contributions. "General History of China" "General History of China" records: About 5,000 years ago, with the development of agriculture and the improvement of hand-weaving technology, textile technology appeared and developed. The tribal chiefs headed by Ge Tianshi collected the kudzu and removed the outer skin by measuring and drying it, or boiled the things between the outer skin and the connecting fibers as mentioned in the Book of Songs to extract the fiber of the kudzu, and then braided it into Cloth was made into clothes to replace the raw material of animal skins, so as to solve the problem of tribes having no clothes to protect themselves from the cold due to insufficient animal skins, and to push human civilization forward. In that era of extremely low productivity, clothing and food were the top priority of the tribal people. How could the Ge Tian family not be supported by the tribal people when they could weave cloth from kudzu, a plant fiber? The people of the tribe elected him as their leader and called him a divine man from heaven to earth, thus the name "Ge Tianshi" came into being. No wonder Qiang Yun, a professor at Northwest University, said in "History of Hometown" that Ge Tian was not only the ancestor of music and dance, but also the ancestor of weaving and weaving. As mentioned earlier, Shennong traveled to great mountains and famous rivers and discovered that kudzu, a unique plant, could not only satisfy hunger but also detoxify. So he collected its seeds and spread them all over the world. This is based on facts. The county annals of Changge in the 19th year of the Republic of China (the county annals written by He Ding when he was the magistrate of Changge County in the 36th year of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty are attached to this day) record in the column of mountains and rivers that the Yellow Emperor led seven tribes in Juci Mountain (now Shizu Mountain) The story of a leader who met the tribal leaders in the Yangtze River Basin and got lost in Xingshan Mountain and went to Ziyun Mountain in Xiangcheng to ask the boy for directions. Juci Mountain and Xing Mountain stand side by side. The former is under the jurisdiction of Xinzheng in the north, and the latter is under the jurisdiction of Changge (then named Changshe Yi) adjacent to Yu County in the south. The "Shigugang River Site" is located at the east foot of Xingshan Mountain. "Ge Tianshi's Hereditary Name of the Getian Family in Past Dynasties" According to records and legends, the "Getian Family" in the ancient period (around 7500) was called the tribal clan after the person (with the name 'Shi' representing the clan). During the period of Fuxi, one of the three emperors of Dongyi tribe (early period or at that time).
The Paleolithic matrilineal society transitioned to the Neolithic patriarchal society. According to "Myths and Legends", the nomadic matriarchal clan from Tianshui, Gansu Province, migrated to Qufu (Qiong Sang), Shandong Peninsula today, and became the earliest Fuxi clan of the Dongyi tribe (the early Yan tribe). Matriarchal clan) clan tribe. Due to climate reasons, a matrilineal clan with the surname Ge Tian was separated. The Ge Tian tribe that stood out moved westward to present-day Ningling County (the oldest Ge Di, "Shan Hai Jing", "Shang Shu", etc. said). During the Five Emperors During this period, Ge Di, Ge Tian Kingdom and Ge Kingdom were under the jurisdiction of Yuzhou (called Ge Township in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods, and today's Gebotun, Shiqiao Township) was the site of the capital city of the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties in the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties. The residents in the area (a key cultural relics protection unit in Ningling County, Shangqiu City, Henan Province) were called "Ge". After Ge Tian came to Guge, he was elected as the leader of the Central Plains Alliance (including parts of Henan, Shandong, Anhui, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi and Hubei). Legend has it that it flourished for the fourth century and was later replaced by the Yin Kang family. Ge Tianshi is the leader of the Ancient Alliance. According to "Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals", "Lu Shi", "Century of the Emperors", "Tongkao of Five Rites", "Henan Chronicles", "Henan General History", "Ningling County County Chronicles", "Ningling County General History" written by many Historians (Li Yujie, PhD Candidate Supervisor, Dean of the School of History and Humanities of Henan University, etc.) have published reports on Ge Tianshi, and other records state that Ge Tianshi was originally the leader of the Ge Tianshi tribe, one of the fifteen tribes of the Dongyi Fuxi Tribe Alliance (originally). Tribal chief), who later took the title of emperor of the Fuxi lineage. Confucius said: "Those who are virtuous and harmonious with heaven and earth are called emperors." The name Ge Tianshi was known in history as "Ge Tianshi taught the people with Ge Tude and became the king. He established his capital in Ge (now northwest of Ningling). Ge Tianshi died as 'hōng' (the duke died, During the prehistoric period, the Ge Tian clan led the Ge Tian clan alliance to build Ge Tian Qiong House (now Jianfang), which was used to make Guangle music, make Ge cloth, Ge clothes, customize rituals, and open things. Cheng Hua, the creation of Zhuan Meng, governed the world by "confidence without words, by oneself without words, by oneself without words" and ushered in China's earliest prosperous era of civilized, moral and harmonious life. The leading dancers wore horns on their heads and held ox tails in their hands. Carrying drums (jiá) on their backs, onlookers in the singing and dancing palace beat their fū (fou) fou (fǒu) and sing: According to expert research, "Ge Tianshi's Music", also known as "Guangle", is based on music, singing, dancing, drama, The source of poetry, architecture, and textiles, the Ge Tian family is one of the ancestors of the Chinese nation. The Ge Tian family also has the surnames Ge, Ge Bo, Zhuge (in the late Western Han Dynasty, the surname Zhuge was divided into the surname Zhuge), and Quan (part of the branch). The ancestor of the surname Gai (part of the branch is derived from the Five Emperors), and the surname Xu (part of the branch is derived from the early Xia Dynasty). "Customs and Meanings" records: "The Ge family is a descendant of the ancient Ge Tian family." "A Survey of Surnames": "The Ge family is after the ancient Ge Tian family." The preface of "Baopu Ziwai Chapter" reads: "Baopu Zi, whose surname is Ge, whose given name is Hong, and whose courtesy name is Zhichuan, is from Jurong, Danyang (now Jurong City, Jiangsu Province). "It is said that the Getian clan first established the world in ancient times, and later was demoted to other countries, because they thought their surname was Yan." "Tracing the Sources of Hundreds of Surnames": "The surname Ge originated from the Ge Tian family." "Lu Shi ● Zen Tongji": "Ge Tianshi, Ge Tianzhi, Quan Tianye. ... Later there were Ge family and Quan family." The Getian clan has experienced more than two thousand years of ups and downs and entered a state-based society. The title of Getian was extended to Emperor Zhuanxu as the clan name. The ancient land of Ge in Yuzhou was granted the title of Ge State under the jurisdiction of the country with the surname Ying (now some people say that the surname Ge is Ying is wrong). It was granted the title during the reign of Emperor Shun. The area of ??Ge State under the jurisdiction of the country with the surname Ying included: in the Five Emperors period, Ge State reached Taoqiu (today's Dingtao, Shandong) in the north, Mingtiao (today's Fengqiu, Henan), Dunqiu (today's Qingfeng, Henan); and Liqiu (today's Qingfeng, Henan) in the south. Henan Luyi), Ge (now Taikang, Henan); the west governs Wu (xún) (now Gongyi, Henan); the east governs Mangdang (now Dangshan, Anhui, Yongcheng, Henan). During the period of Dayu, the leader of the tribal alliance, Dafei Gong (Boyi), helped Dayu to control the floods. Dayu wanted to let him succeed him, and his boyyi was not allowed to retire (today's Dengfeng Southeast Jishan), so Dayu followed him. Dalian, the eldest son of Duke Boyi, was granted the title of Duke Gebo, a prince with a different surname, and was given jurisdiction over the Kingdom of Ge. Because Boyi was unwilling to inherit the throne of Dayu, Dayu's son Qi immediately succeeded and established the first Chinese slave society. Therefore, Emperor Qi destroyed the abdication system, which aroused a joint opposition from the Dongyi tribes, led by the Youhu clan. The rebellion failed around ten years ago. Emperor Qi angered Dalian and deprived him of his earldom and sent him to Jishan (now northwest of Juye County, Shandong Province). Dalian was later killed; Dalian's younger brother Ruomu punished him with the title of Xu Bo (now Xuzhou). Southeast) established the Xu Kingdom; Xia Qi restored the title of Da Fei's younger brother Wuyong (Boyi). The eldest son of Duke Yuan was Ge Bo, and he belonged to the second King Ge Bo. By the end of the Xia Dynasty, the sixteenth generation was King Ge Bo (named Hui). Those who refused to sacrifice (recorded in "Historical Records"). After the rise of the Shang clan, Shang Tang used this as an excuse to punish the Ge Kingdom. This was actually the reason for overthrowing the Xia Dynasty. Li Shuo's brother Minghui (King Ge Bo) was killed, and some of his descendants moved to Dunqiu (today's Dunqiu). Qingfeng area in Henan), the Xia Dynasty experienced sixteen generations of King Ge Bo of the Ge Kingdom. The first King Gebo after the establishment of the Shang Dynasty was named què. He lived through 24 generations of King Gebo of Ge State for six hundred years in the Shang Dynasty. The rise of the Zhou Dynasty, Ji Fa established the Western Zhou Dynasty. In the Western Zhou Dynasty (1047 BC), King Gebo, the prince of the Western Zhou Dynasty, was the first Gebo named Fang Gong. Through the late Spring and Autumn Period, he became a prominent family. Therefore, the "Ge family originated from the Liang Kingdom. The Jin Dynasty suddenly Qiu Ge's surname is Wang". According to legend, Da Fei (Bo Yi) had seventeen sons with fifteen surnames; Wuyong had thirteen sons with ten surnames; Da Fei's eldest son Dalian had nine sons with five surnames, etc.
Legend has it that the Getian clan has forty-two lines, which lasted for more than 2,000 years (one lineage lasted about 50-60 years ago); the Getian clan entered a complete slave system society from the middle and late matrilineal society to the patrilineal society. , in fact, when Xia Qi established the Xia Dynasty, the descendants of the Ge Tian family went through the Xia, Shang, and Zhou dynasties (seventy-seven Ge Bo, sixty-two generations), until the last Ge Bo king Ge Yi in the late Spring and Autumn Period ( Lost the country in 557 BC) totaled more than 3,600 years and counted 104 lineages. From 557 BC to the present, there have been more than 2,560 years, with 86 lineages up and down (thirty years are considered as one lineage), a total of nearly 6,200 years, and 190 lineages up and down. In 557 BC, the State of Ge was destroyed by the State of Lu and the State of Song. The descendants of the State of Ge were divided into the Ge Tian family, the Ge family, the Ge Bo family, the Zhuge family, some Quan families, some Gai families, some Xu families, and some The Huang family, some Zhao families, some Jiang families, etc. are scattered throughout the country and many places overseas. The content of "Ge Tianshi's Hereditary Number of Ge Tianshi in Past Dynasties" is the result of more than 30 years of efforts by Ge Zandong, a descendant of the Ge family in Ningling County. It is based on the Song version of "Ge Family Genealogy", referring to historical materials in various libraries and local collections of "Ge Family Genealogy" and "Ge Family Genealogy". "Ge family tree", "Ge family tree", "Ge family tree" and compiled by elderly people who visited the descendants of the Ge family and those who are enthusiastic about the reproduction of the Ge family. Hometown dispute Regarding the dispute over the hometown of Ge Tianshi, Changge said that according to the "Changge County Chronicle" in the 36th year of Emperor Kangxi's reign in the Qing Dynasty, He Ding was appointed as the county magistrate (county magistrate). He Ding said: "The hometown of Ge Tianshi is in Changge." From then on, Changge This statement is still used in many editions of the county in every era. All experts and scholars can check the "Changge County Chronicle" before the 36th year of Kangxi and all the country's historical and local chronicle records, which do not state that the hometown of Ge Tian's family is in Changge. Xuchang Changge said that Changge City in Henan Province is the hometown of Ge Tian and is a "thousand-year-old county" named by the Ministry of Civil Affairs. Historical records record that Changge is the "ruin of the Ge Tian family". The Changge "Shigu Site", a national cultural relic protection unit discovered and excavated in 1978, covers an area of ??1 million square meters. It was found that Feiligan Culture and Yangshao Culture were directly overlaid. Among them, Feiligan Culture has rich relics and is a typical Feiligang Culture. Li Gang Cultural Site. It dates back to about seven or eight thousand years ago, earlier than the Yanhuang era and later than the Fuxi era, and roughly equivalent to the Getian era. Three foundations of Feiligang Cultural Houses, 189 ash pits and 69 tombs were excavated. 440 cultural relics were unearthed, the most precious of which is the earliest single-hole bone flute in Chinese history, which directly proves that Changge is the "Ruins of the Ge Tian Family" and "The Former Site of the Ge Tian Family". In 2014, a broken stele was discovered in Haizili Village, Pohu Town, Changge City. The broken stele has no cap, is about 130cm long and 60cm wide. The stele is called "Remembering the Temple of Patriarch Getian" and the inscription is as follows: Since In the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, ancestral temples were built to worship ancestors and proclaim the virtuous descent of ancestor Getian. Xige, Sichuan, the Yi clan is in the east of Sichuan, and Wang Pingji Gang. The people have been lurking in the river for a long time, and have lived in its springs for a long time. The river is surrounded by heavy kudzu, and water insects are jumping around. Huaide is in the eight palaces, dancing and singing. The kudzu is shameful, and the sky is covered with water to nourish the people. The Yellow Emperor passed down the news from Yao and Shun to Yu, and set up the ancestral land to honor the people. When Ge Ge blooms, they offer rites and sacrifices, and all the princes and kings obey. Since the sixth day of the third lunar month of Emperor Wen's great sacrifice, civil and military disciples have been marching for ten miles to show their sincerity and virtue. It is said that the people of Changge Yi are all descendants of their ancestors. Records of Huachun in the first year of Kaibao in the Song Dynasty (986 AD). The discovery of this Song stele once again proves that Ge Tian's hometown is Changge. The legendary Changge Getian Mausoleum overlooks Shangqiu Ningling. At the end of May 2006, the "Getian Culture Expert Investigation Team" composed of famous domestic historians was led by Li Yujie, a professor and doctoral supervisor at the School of History and Culture of Henan University. Next, go to Ningling to inspect Getian culture. They made an on-site inspection of Gebotun Village in Shiqiao Township, the ruins of the capital city of Ge State. They carefully studied relevant inscriptions, saw unearthed cultural relics, and understood folklore. Through discussions and demonstrations, they believed that the ancient Ge Di, Ge Tian clan, and the hometown of Ge State were in Ningling is also the birthplace of the three surnames "Ge, Ge Bo and Zhuge". There is a mound in the west of Gebotun Village, Shiqiao Township, Ningling County. A villager named Ge said that this place is the ruins of the capital of Ge Kingdom. Ge Tian's mausoleum in Ningling County has authoritative basis for Ge in Ningling: 1. "Historical Records": "Ge, Ge Township in Ningling, Liang State today." 2. "Hanshu Geography": "Ningling Ge said ' "Kang Shan'." 3. "Book of the Later Han Dynasty: Chronicles of the County": "Ningling was formerly part of Chenliu, and Ge Township was the home of Ge Bo." 4. "Shui Jing Annotation": "Bian River flows eastward to the north of Shayang Pavilion in Ningling. Therefore, Sha Suiguo; Bian River passes eastward to the north of Gecheng, so it is also the country of Ge." 5. Annotations of the Four Books and Five Classics of Song and Yuan Dynasties: "Ge is located in the northeast of Ningling County, Liang State." 6. "Dictionary of Ancient and Modern Chinese Place Names": "Ningling. "Ge, the name of the ancient country, the surname Ying, the old city was fifteen miles north of Ningling County, Henan Province." 7. "Yi Tongzhi": "Ge was located fifteen miles north of Ningling County. ." 8. "Henan Tongzhi": "Ningling, Xia Ge Boguo" 9. "Guide Mansion Ancient Feudal Table": "Ge, the Earl of Xia, is now the Ge Township of Ningling. "10. "Ningling County Chronicles·Historical Sites": "Gecheng, fifteen miles north of the county, was the ancient Gebo Kingdom." 11. "History of Chinese Wars in the Past Dynasties": "Ge, now Ningling County, Henan." 12. "Henan. "Is the main birthplace of Chinese surnames": "In addition to the Songshan area where the Xia Dynasty established its capital, many of its vassal states were also in Henan. Such as Xu (now Xuchang), Zenguan (now Puyang), Ge (now Ningling)..." Thirteen , "Mencius" said: "Tang lived in Bo, and was adjacent to Ge." "Historical Records of Zhengyi" and "Henan Tongzhi" both said: "Gushu County in Liangzhou is Nanbo, which is the capital of Tang.
"Tongdian", "Kuo Di Zhi" and "Henan Tong Zhi" all have the saying of "three Bo": "The three Bos mentioned in the book, the Bo in Meng County is called 'Bei Bo', where the soup is popular; the grain is ripe. The Bo in Yanshi is called "Nan Bo", the capital of Tang. "Guide Prefecture Chronicles" and "Shangqiu County Chronicles" say: "Five miles south of Gushu Town, there is the Gubo ruins." "The modern scholar Wang Guowei's article "Shuo Bo" has the most detailed examination of the places of Ge and Bo: "Bei Bo" in Xia and Shang Dynasties refers to Spring and Autumn Bo (Bo), Bo County in the Han Dynasty and today's Cao County, "Huangfu Mi, Sima Biao, Du Both Yu and Li Daoyuan regarded Ge Township in Ningling County as Ge Bo Kingdom. Mi also said, "Yanshi went to Ningling for more than 800 miles, but he could not let the people cultivate it." This proves that the place where the soup is located should be Nanbo, where the grains are ripe. Changge scholar Zhang Zuojun, in his article "A Brief Talk on the Name of Changge", refutes the claim by He Ding, the magistrate of Changge County in the Qing Dynasty, that "the former site of the Ge Tian family was remembered by future generations for Yongze, so it was named Changge" as "not based on historical research." "False theory", Changge's theory of "the former site of the Getian clan" is self-defeating. Similarly, there is neither historical documentary evidence nor archaeological evidence in other places. Relevant information The "ideal world" of primitive society The Getian clan Ning Ling County is located in the hinterland of the Central Plains, with a long history and long history. In ancient times, Ningling was called "Ge", and the name of this place originated from the name of a plant - "Compendium of Materia Medica" and "Henan Province Flora". : Pueraria lobata, also known as kudzu, kudzu vine and kudzu, its Latin scientific name is Puerarialobata (willd) Ohwi. It is a deciduous plant in the leguminous family, with three compound leaves, racemes, butterfly-shaped corolla, purple-red flowers, and linear kudzu pods. Ancient people with low productivity had functions such as the edible roots for wrapping the belly, the inflorescences of the roots for medicine, the fibers of the stem bark for weaving to keep out the cold, and the edible seeds. Therefore, the ancients felt it was magical and worshiped Geding as a totem, and the local people even worshiped it as a totem. It is proud of Ge, and "Ge" is the name of the place. This is the origin of the ancient Ge place name. The Ge Tian clan rested and thrived on the hot land of Ge, and created a relatively advanced early civilization of more than one million people. In the Paleolithic Age 2 years ago, there was no agriculture. People only made a living by collecting wild fruits, plant roots, fishing and hunting. By the time of Ge Tianshi, they entered the primitive agricultural stage, which was marked by the fact that people could make relatively refined stone tools for farming. Primitive animal husbandry was born on the basis of the collection economy. In the early Neolithic Age, the Getian clan recuperated in Gedi. According to the "Lu Shi Chun Qiu" by Gao Yu of the Han Dynasty, "the emperor of the Three Emperors". The "Dictionary of Chinese Names" explains it as "ancient emperor", and "Cymology Source" notes that "the legendary ancient emperor's title was before Fuxi". Regardless of "the title of emperor, emperor, or emperor", Ge Tian's name is the ancient one. There is no doubt that the leader of the Getian clan in Gedi is mentioned in the "Emperor Century" that "after the Chao clan, there were the Getian clan and others, all of whom took the title of Fuxi", and their era should be after Fuxi. The Four Ques "Fen Wugu" infers that it has entered the primitive agricultural stage at that time. Comprehensive analysis shows that the Getian clan was a monarch during the Three Emperors period. It was about between the Fuxi clan and the Shennong clan, which was at the beginning of the Neolithic Age, about 30 years ago. Ten thousand years ago, there was the Chao family who built wood for nests, the Suiren family who drilled wood to make fire, the Fuxi family who taught people about fishing and animal husbandry, the Shennong family who taught people about farming, and the Getian family who taught people to govern themselves, and each had its own division of labor. The health-preserving effects of kudzu have improved the health of the people; Ge Tianshi taught and promoted the skills of using kudzu to weave daily life and produce products, such as twisting ropes, weaving baskets, weaving kudzu cloth, etc. The coarse-grained kudzu cloth is called "Zhonggu". Ge cloth with fine texture is called "纟纟". Ge cloth is also used to sew Ge clothes, Ge shirts, Ge scarves, etc., so that the tribesmen say goodbye to the wilderness and enter civilization. . "Compendium of Materia Medica" states, "Kudzu grows wild and domestically. It spreads long and can be used to treat it." There is a poem in "The Book of Songs" that says, "The weather is sad and windy". "The Analects of Confucius" "Xiang Dang" has the holy saying "When the summer heat comes, the sky is full of hope". In order to make heaven, earth and people live in harmony, Ge Tianshi created a primitive harmonious society. , the Ge Tian clan in his era was the "ideal world" that ancient people longed for and praised. "Tao Yuanming Collection·The Biography of Mr. Wu Liu" said about the ideal world: "What about the people without the Huai clan?" The people of Getian clan? Li Qingzhao, a female poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, once called herself a "people of the Getian family"; Shen Xi of the Yuan Dynasty's "Bamboo Window Ci·Ruan Lang Guishan Temple Woodcutter Song" has the words "forget the worries of the world, cut off the fate of the world, be happy and proud of Getian" "Historical Records·Biography of Sima Xiangru" records that "playing Tao Tang's dance, listening to Ge Tian's song, thousands of people sing, tens of thousands of people harmonize, the mountains are shaken, and Sichuan and Luo are rippled by it." The human nature of the clan was pure and the world was honest. The harmonious tribe under the governance of the Getian clan was called "the ideal natural and simple world" by the ancients. It was considered to be the primitive communist society under this harmonious living condition. , Ge Tianshi created "Ge Tianshi's Joy". Current situation In April 2007, at the Academic Seminar on Ge Tian's Culture in Ningling, China, representatives from the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Zhonghua Book Company, China Academy of Arts, and China Social Sciences Publishing House were invited. Society, Chinese Calligraphers Association, Fudan University, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Henan University, Zhengzhou University, Henan Academy of Social Sciences, Henan Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Henan Provincial Local History Office, Luoyang Social Sciences Federation, Shandong After discussions, 52 authoritative experts and scholars in archeology, history, literature, etc. from the University of Science and Technology, Shangqiu Normal University and other scientific research units and universities came to the conclusion: Ge Tianshi is the ancestor of Chinese music and dance, and Ningling is the father of music, song and dance. Township, the Ge Tianshi period was the earliest harmonious social form recorded in writing in China.
Experts and scholars attending the meeting believed that Ningling County was Ge Di in ancient times, and the Ge Tian tribe lived here; Ningling was the birthplace of the four surnames Ge, Quan, Ge Bo and Zhuge. After on-site inspections of historical sites such as the Getian Mausoleum and the Gecheng Site, these experts and scholars called for strengthening the protection of this intangible cultural heritage, which has great cultural and historical value. History Ancient Carnival: China's First Song and Dance "The Joy of Getian" The Getian tribe is a tribe that is good at singing and dancing. In ancient times, the first dances and singing gradually sprouted and formed during the labor process, and their dance movements and singing content were often simple reproductions of the labor process. To celebrate hunting victories and grain harvests, people dance, which is the most primitive dance; the chants that people hum during labor are the most primitive songs; the combination of singing and dancing is the earliest song and dance. "The Joy of Ge Tianshi" was completed by three people working on the oxtail. The content consists of eight parts, which is quite complete in terms of its scale and complexity. Therefore, "The Music of Ge Tianshi" is not only the earliest song and dance in China, but also the first written song and dance in China. It is one of the important sources of Chinese national culture and art. "Ge Tianshi's Joy" has been recorded in many classics, among which "Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals" have the most detailed description. "Lü's Spring and Autumn Annals" was written at the end of the Warring States Period, before Qin Shihuang burned the books. At that time, there were many ancient books to rely on. Moreover, Lu Buwei once hung a book on the city gate and said, "If you change a word, you will be rewarded with a hundred golds." This was generally accepted by people at the time, so this book can be trusted. pass. "Lu's Spring and Autumn Period Ancient Music Chapter": "In the past, Ge Tian's music was played by three people playing oxtails and singing eight songs: one is called 'Zai Min', the second is called 'Xuanniao', the third is called 'Sui Cao Mu', The fourth is "Fen the Five Grains", the fifth is "Respect the Heaven and Constant", the sixth is "Build the Emperor's Gong", the seventh is "Yi Di De", and the eighth is "The Ultimate Beast". "This kind of "three people perform eight oxtail songs". ”, the image of dancing birds into feathers, is the oldest music culture and art, and also the most primitive song and dance art in the world. This not only respects ancestors and respects heaven and earth, but also expresses the importance and prayer mentality for agricultural activities such as farming and animal husbandry. It reflects only one aspect of the social life of the Getian clan and is a reflection of the social, economic, cultural and other aspects of the time. miniature. Among the eight parts of songs and dances in "Ge Tianshi's Joy", the fourth part "Fighting the Five Grains" and the eighth part "The Extremes of All Animals" are related to agriculture. From their names, we can know that not only did it belong to the primitive agricultural stage at that time, but also The Getian tribe entered primitive agriculture relatively early in China, and their farming and animal husbandry experience was relatively high. They made immortal contributions to the creation of primitive agriculture in China. The songs and dances contained in this music prove that the Getian tribe not only works hard to cultivate and grow crops ("Fen Wugu") for their livelihood, but also respects the earth, identifies the nature of the soil ("Yidi De"), prays to heaven, and observes the sun and moon. It has been able to consciously and continuously explore the natural reproduction process of agriculture by observing the laws of operation and weather changes ("respecting the heavens and the constants"). "Ge Tianshi's Joy" is also the earliest health-care dance and imitation Qigong in China. Primitive people's health care and qigong activities originated from the most basic production and life practices of early human beings, and became increasingly mature with the continuous development of productivity. "Huangdi Neijing·Su Lun·Transforming Essence and Changing Qi" says: "In ancient times, people lived among animals and animals, moving to avoid the cold, and living in the shade to avoid the heat." The "action" in the article refers to labor or body movements that imitate labor; the so-called "Dwelling in the shadows" refers to peaceful rest. Primitive people used singing, dancing or resting to resist cold and heat and achieve health care effects. The shape of the word "dance" in oracle bone inscriptions is that of a person dancing while holding an ox tail. "Lu's Spring and Autumn Period·Zhongxia Ji·Ancient Music" records "Tao Tang's Songs and Dances": "At the time of Tao Tang's family, there was a lot of yin and accumulation, the waterways were blocked and could not flow as they should, and the people's spirits were gloomy and stagnant. The muscles and bones are weak, so it is used as a dance to promote it. "Lu Shi Preface" records "Yin Kang's Dance" and says: "At the time of Yin Kang's time, the water broke out and the river could not flow. It turns out that the Yin is condensed, and people are depressed inside, and their joints are stagnant and swollen. The only way to benefit their joints is to make people dance and teach people to dance to guide them. "Tao Tang's and Yin Kang's. The era was later than that of Ge Tianshi. The sages at that time still imitated Ge Tianshi and guided people to use dance to treat various diseases caused by rheumatism and to cure diseases and maintain health. Of course, "Ge Tianshi's Music" is both dance and song. It not only contains content such as "Xuanniao" and "The Ultimate Beast" imitating Qigong, but also other content such as praying to heaven and earth ("Jingtian Chang", "Yidi De"). ), praising the monarch ("Building the Emperor") and praying for prosperity ("Sui Cao Mu", "Flying the Five Grains"), etc. It is richer in content and form than "Tao Tang's Dance" and "Yin Kang's Dance" more complete. The singing and dancing "Ge Tianshi's Music" is a collective health dance of primitive people, and its functions are multi-faceted. First, it can add excitement to large-scale celebrations, second, it can entertain oneself, third, it can cultivate temperament, fourth, it can protect the liver and nourish qi, fifth, it can cure diseases and keep fit, sixth, it can spread culture, and seventh, it can praise justice and whipping. Ugliness, eight, can inspire people's fighting spirit.