Book one
Mao Zedong 1,
2. Dai Wangshu, 1905- 1950, from Hangzhou, Zhejiang. Formerly known as Dai Menggou. China modernist poet. Rain Lane is his famous work, so he won the title of "Rain Lane Poet". Xu Zhimo, 1896- 193 1, from Haining, Zhejiang. Modern poet, a representative of crescent poetry school. Openly oppose the revolution and the proletarian literary movement. His works include Poems of Zhimo, Tigers, Wandering and so on. His masterpiece Farewell to Cambridge.
3. Ai Qing,
4. Zuo Zhuan is China's first chronological history book and historical prose. Originally known as Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals, it is also known as Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals. Legend has it that it was written by Lu historian Zuo Qiuming. This chronicle began in the year of Luyin (722 BC) and ended in the twenty-seventh year of Lu Aigong (468 BC), describing the history of more than 240 years in the Spring and Autumn Period (early Eastern Zhou Dynasty).
5. The Warring States Policy is a national history book compiled by Liu Xiang at the end of the Western Han Dynasty, with 33 articles in total. Chronicles began in the 16th year of Zhou Pingzhen (453 BC) and ended in the first year of Qin Ershi (209 BC), mainly recording the struggles of strategists and strategists during the Warring States Period and related discussions or remarks. It marks the development of China's ancient prose to a new height. Liu Xiang, whose real name is self-improvement, is a benevolent person. Confucian classics, bibliographers and writers in the Western Han Dynasty.
6. Sima Qian, about 145- 90 years ago, was a historian, writer and thinker in the Western Han Dynasty. Zi Zichang, nicknamed Taishigong, referred to as Shi Qian, Zuo Fengyi and xia yang (now southwest of Hancheng, Shaanxi, near Longmen), so Sima Qian claimed to be "moving Longmen" and "Preface to Taishigong", Longmen Mountain, which is very famous. Legend has it that Dayu once opened a mountain in Longmen to control water. It is also called "the second Sima in history" with Sima Guang and "Ban Ma" with Ban Gu. Sima Qian wrote Historical Records and Letter to Ren An (describing his imprisonment and his ambition to write a book, which has been circulated for generations).
7. Historical Records, formerly known as Taishi Gongshu, is a historical prose. China's first biography is a general history, which was completed in 9 1 year BC, and created five styles of biography, biography, table and book. Known as "a true record, believing in history", Lu Xun once commented: "Historians never sing, Li Sao has no rhyme." One of the "Shuang Bao" in historiography (Historical Records and History as a Mirror) is the first of the previous "three histories" and "four histories". It records the history of more than 3,000 years from the legendary Huangdi to the Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty, with 130 articles, divided into ten tables, eight books, twelve biographies, thirty biographies and seventy biographies. His biography is the pioneering work of China's historical biographical literature, which has a far-reaching influence on later historiography.
8. Lu Xun, 188 1- 1936, formerly known as Zhou Shuren, was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang. China is a great modern writer, thinker and revolutionary. 19 18, The Diary of a Madman, the first vernacular novel in the history of modern literature in China, was first published under the pseudonym of Lu Xun. The True Story of Ah Q published by 192 1 successfully shaped one of the typical images of Ah Q and became an immortal masterpiece with world influence. 1923 wrote a collection of novels "Scream", which laid the foundation for realistic novels.
Works: Novel Collection: Scream and Hesitation
Collection of historical novels: new stories
Prose Collection: Flowers in the Morning and Flowers in the Evening (formerly known as "Coming Back to Life")
Prose poetry anthology: weeds
Prose collections: Hot Wind, Grave Robbery, Gai Hua Collection, Continued Cover Hua Collection, Collection, Sanxian Collection, Erxin Collection, Mobilization in the South and North, Pseudo Free Book, Quasi-romantic Talk, Lace Literature, and Anta.
laugh at oneself
What do you want from the delivery of the canopy, but you dare not turn over and meet each other.
A broken hat covers the downtown, and a leaky boat carries wine.
Fierce-browed, I coolly defy a thousand pointing fingers, Head-bowed, like a willing ox I serve the children.
Hiding in the small building into a unified, regardless of winter Xia Chunqiu.
Self-titled portrait
There is no way to escape from the gv 10, and the storm is as dark as a rock.
I sent a message to Han Xing, and I want to recommend Xuanyuan with my blood.
9. Ba Jin,
10, Liang Shiqiu,
Xia Yan 1 1,
Second book
1, Zhu Ziqing, 1898- 1948, a famous poet, essayist, scholar, democratic fighter and patriotic intellectual in modern China. Originally known as Huazi, Pei County,No. Qiushi, a native of Yangzhou, Jiangsu, and a native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang. He wrote new poems when he was a student, graduated from Peking University on 1920, and published the long poem "Destruction" on 1922 (known as a first-class work at that time, it was a work to comfort the poetry world). Traces, Poems, Miscellaneous Notes on European Travel, Back, Famous Prose: Back, Green, Qinhuai River in the Shadow, The Cost of Life-70 cents, etc. His prose is called "the most affectionate prose" and "the most beautiful prose". 1In August, 948, he refused to accept American relief food and died in Peiping due to illness. Mao Zedong called him "showing the heroism of our nation".
2. Yu Dafu, 1896- 1945, formerly known as Yu Wen, is a famous novelist, essayist and poet in China. 192 1 June, together with Guo Moruo, Cheng, Zhang Ziping and others, the New Literature Group Creation Society was established. In July, the first collection of short stories, Sinking, came out. In addition, there are Chunfeng's novel A Night of Drunk, Chi Guihua's and Bo Yidian's literary works, novel theory and drama theory. 1928 Join Sun Society. 1930 In March, the Chinese Left-wing Writers Union was established as one of the founders. 1945 September 17 was killed by Japanese gendarmes in Sumatra. 1952, the Central People's Government ratified him as a revolutionary martyr.
Lu Li,
4. The Book of Songs, the earliest collection of poems in ancient China. Collected 305 poems from the early Western Zhou Dynasty in BC 1 1 century to the mid-Spring and Autumn Period in the 6th century BC. In the pre-Qin period, it was collectively called "Three Hundred Poems" and "Poems", and it became one of the official Confucian classics in the Western Han Dynasty, so it was called "The Book of Songs". It is generally believed that Confucius deleted it. Divided into "wind, elegance, praise" three categories. Created the realistic tradition of China literature. "Wind", also known as "national wind", has *** 160 articles, mostly folk songs from all over the country, which are the essence of the Book of Songs; "Elegance" is divided into "Elegance" and "Xiaoya" * * 105, the content of which is mainly to praise virtue; Ode consists of 40 songs: Zhou Song, Truffle and Shang Ode, most of which are music and dance music for sacrifice. The form of poetry is mainly four words, mostly rhyming in alternate sentences, and the techniques of "Fu, Bi and Xing" are widely used.
5. The Six Meanings of The Book of Songs: Wind, Elegance, Ode, Fu, Comparison and Glory.
6. "Chu Ci Style" rose in the Warring States Period, and it is a new poetic style created by Qu Yuan, which has the local characteristics of Chu State and is a new poetic style after the Book of Songs. The most representative of Chu Ci is Qu Yuan's Li Sao, so later generations also call it "Chu Ci Style" and "Sao Style".
7. China's first romantic poetry collection "Songs of the South". Created the romantic tradition of China's poetry. In the Western Han Dynasty, Liu Xiang compiled the works of Qu Yuan, Song Yu, etc. and the works imitated by Han people into an anthology, and named it "Songs of the South", so "Songs of the South" became the name of the anthology. Among them, Li Sao is his masterpiece, with more than 370 sentences, which is the longest political lyric poem in ancient China. This national style in the Book of Songs, also called "Sao", has become synonymous with "Wen".
8. Qu Yuan, from about 340 BC to 278 BC, was a native of Chu at the end of the Warring States Period. His name is Ping, formerly known as Ping, and he was born in a noble family. He is a leftist and a doctor in San Lv. The first patriotic and romantic poet in China initiated the style of Chu Ci and a new era of poetry from collective singing to individual independent writing. It is listed as one of the four cultural celebrities in the world (Copernicus in Poland, Shakespeare in Britain, Dante in Italy). The fifth day of the fifth lunar month is the anniversary of his drowning in Guluo River.
9. "Yuefu" was originally the name of an official institution in the Western Han Dynasty, which was responsible for collecting folk songs or poems of literati and performing music for the court at sacrifices or banquets. The poems it collected were later called "Yuefu Poetry" or simply "Yuefu" (including literati Yuefu and Yuefu folk songs). It is characterized by inheriting the realistic tradition of The Book of Songs, adding narrative elements, breaking through the four-character poem and Sao style in form, and forming miscellaneous poems and five-character poems which occupy an important position in China's poetry circles.
10, Yutai New Poetry, with a general name, was compiled by Xu Ling (507-583) in the Chen Dynasty in the Southern Dynasties, and was written in Liang, which is an influential collection of ancient poems after The Book of Songs and Songs of the South. The representative topic is Peacock Flying Southeast.
1 1 Peacock Flying Southeast, formerly known as Ancient Poems Written by Lady Jiao Zhongqing, is the earliest preserved long narrative poem in ancient China. It is also one of the representative works of ancient Yuefu folk songs, and it is also called "Yuefu double wall" with Mulan poems in the Northern Dynasty.
12, cultural common sense: even number.
Night time, five nights and five watches.
At dusk, one night, one watch, 19-2 1
People decided to stay for two hours at night 2 1-23
Midnight c midnight 23- 1
Ding Sigeng 1-3 of Jiming Leaf
Ping Wu Yegeng 3-5
13, nineteen ancient poems, nineteen ancient poems compiled by ming prince Xiao Tong in the Southern Dynasties, named Nineteen Ancient Poems. It is a collection of poems written by a group of people at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. It mainly describes the wanderer's determination to accomplish nothing and his yearning for his wife's parting. It truly reflects the turbulent and dark social life at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty and expresses his sorrow for fate and life.
14, Jian 'an Literature, Jian 'an (196-220), the title of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty, during the Jian 'an period, great changes have taken place in politics, ideology and literature, showing a new look. Poetry, in particular, broke the situation that the Western Han Dynasty was full of ci and fu and the literati's poetry was silent. Cai Yan, "Three Cao" and "Seven Zi" and others created a large number of works, which formed the first climax of literati poetry creation in the history of ancient literature in China. It became the beginning of literature in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties.
15, Jian' an style: (1) style refers to the ideological reflection of social disorder and people's sufferings at that time, expressing the poet's requirements for making contributions. (2) Bone refers to grand artistic conception, distinctive style and direct lyricism, forming a sad, generous, vigorous and powerful style.
16, "Three Caos": Cao Cao, Cao Pi and Cao Zhi.
17, "Seven Sons": Kong Rong, RoyceWong, Liu Zhen, Chen Lin, Ruan Yu, Angelababy and Xu Gan.
18, Cao Cao, 155-220, nickname Ayun, word Meng De, Qiaocheng (now Bozhou, Anhui). Politicians, militarists and poets in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. Emperor Xian of Han was appointed Prime Minister, and was later named Wang Wei. After his death, his son Cao Pi built Wei on behalf of Han Dynasty and was honored as. There are lyric poems "Looking at the Sea", "Although the tortoise has a long life", "Good Li Xing" and "Short Songs".
19, Tao Yuanming, 365-427, poet of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, with a clear word. When it comes to fame, this word has far-reaching significance. Shi Jingjie, so the world number is Mr. Jingjie. Call yourself Mr. 56. Xunyang Chai Sang (Jiujiang, Jiangxi) was born. China's first outstanding four garden poets. Prose includes Peach Blossom Garden, Biography of Mr. Wu Liu, and poetry includes Drinking in the Garden.
20. Wang Xizhi, 303-36 1, whose name is Lian Zhai, was originally from Linyi (present-day Shandong) and later moved to Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province. He was a general of the right army, and he was known as "Wang Youjun" and "Wang Huiji" in history. He and his son Wang Xianzhi are called "two kings". His representative works include Le Yi Lun in regular script, Huang Ting Jing, Seventeen Guas in cursive script, Gua for Aunt in Running Script, Gua for Quick Snow Clear, Gua for Mourning, Preface to Lanting in Running Script, etc.
2 1, Su Shi, born in Meishan (now Meishan, Sichuan) in the Northern Song Dynasty, is a writer. His father, Su Xun, and his younger brother, Su Zhe, were both eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties, and were later called "Su San". Prose, poetry and calligraphy all have their own styles. Poetry is bold and unconstrained. It is also called "Han Dynasty and Su Hai" with Han Yu. During his lifetime, he was named "Duke of Founding Lu County" because of his merits, and later he was named "Situ", "posthumous title Wenzhong" and "Yan" in the world. Song Jiayou was a scholar in the second year (1057), and once served as a minister of rites and a bachelor of Hanlin. He had a rough life and was exiled many times. When he was in Song Shenzong, he was highly valued. However, due to the struggle between the old and new parties, he was repeatedly relegated and became a local official in Hangzhou, Mizhou, Xuzhou and Huzhou. He was also framed and imprisoned for writing a poem "Defaming State Affairs" (Wutai Poetry Case). After he was released from prison, he was banished to Huangzhou. After several ups and downs, he was exiled to Huizhou and Qiongzhou and moved to Danzhou (now Danxian County, Hainan Province). Since then, he has lived a life of reading and painting. His paintings and calligraphy are also called "Song Sijia" with Cai Xiang, Huang Tingjian and Mi Fei. He is the author of Complete Works of Dongpo and Dongpo Yuefu.
22. Eight Great Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties: Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Ouyang Xiu, Wang Anshi, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Zhe and Ceng Gong.
23. Wang Anshi, 102 1- 1086, born in the late Mid-Levels, Little Badger Lang, known as Jing Guogong, is also called "Wang" in the world. Linchuan, Fuzhou (now Liyang Village, Shangchi, dongxiang county, Fuzhou) was an outstanding politician, thinker and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty, and one of the eight masters of ancient prose in Tang and Song Dynasties. At the beginning of Zongshen's accession to the throne, Zhao 'an was called a bachelor of Hanlin from Jiangning House. In the second year of Xining (1069), he was promoted to participate in politics. Since Xining three years ago, he has served as a member of the same school twice to publicize the new law. After nine years in Xining, he lived in seclusion in Zhongshan, Jiangning (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) and died. Lenin praised him as a "1 1 century reformer in China". Prose, vigorous and concise, strange and steep; Poetry can be roughly divided into prophase and anaphase (about 1076). The early poetry is good at reasoning, with a clear tendency, involving many major and sharp societies. The problem noticed the sufferings of the lower classes and made them feel wronged. In the later period, he lived in seclusion, wandered around, and was intoxicated with landscapes and pastoral areas, with relatively narrow themes. A large number of landscape poems and object-chanting poems have replaced the previous political poems. 》)。 The word "Gui Zhi Xiang Jin Mausoleum Nostalgia" reveals the decadent life of the ruling class in the Six Dynasties by describing the magnificent scenery and homesickness of Jinling (now Nanjing, Jiangsu), and is known as the swan song of ancient times. Coupled with Fan Zhongyan's "Fisherman's Passion" and "Qiu Lai's Unique Scenery", Su Dongpo's bold voice was opened, which had a good influence on later ci circles.
24. Cai Yuanpei,
25. Martin Lu Se? Kim,