1. A unique style in the water - wetland emergent plants
"The jianjia is pale and pale, and the dew is like frost; the so-called beauty is on the side of the water." The infinite green lotus leaves in the sky reflect the Japanese lotus flowers are uniquely red. "There are reeds beside the bitter bamboo forest. When you stop your boat and look at it, you will have endless thoughts." Although the ancients did not really consciously study the functions of wetlands, they gave us beautiful poetic pictures of wetlands in the form of poetry. Emergent plants provide a different style to the wetland scene. They usually grow in shallow water areas, with the base immersed in the water, while the upper plants protrude out of the water, standing gracefully and swaying in the wind!
? Lotus: Lotus is a typical emergent wetland plant, but the water depth generally does not exceed 2 meters. The height of lotus above water is generally 0 to 150 cm, and can reach 200 cm or higher under some conditions. . Lotus is the most typical wetland landscape and the most beautiful.
? Reed: Reed is one of the most important wetland plants and can adapt to various water depths. The height of reeds varies greatly due to environmental influences. The general height is 200 to 300 centimeters. The appearance is messy and the color changes significantly with the seasons.
Wild rice: Commonly known as wild rice, it was historically one of the most important vegetation communities in wetlands. The appearance appears light green in spring and summer, dark green in summer, and turns yellow soon after autumn.
Zailihua: Zailihua is native to the tropical areas of southern United States and Mexico. It is an excellent greenhouse flower with a flower stalk that can reach a height of more than 2 meters. It is an emergent flower with high ornamental value introduced to China this year.
2. Understanding aquatic plants
? Aquatic plants refer to some plants that grow in water. There are many types of aquatic plants. According to the positions of the roots, stems and leaves of the plants, we can roughly divide aquatic plants into four categories:
? Submerged plants, floating plants, floating-leaf plants and emergent plants. water plants.
? Submerged plants: The whole plant is immersed in water. The plants are usually rooted in the soil, but some varieties with missing roots will drift everywhere in the water, such as Vallisneria, Jucao, etc.
? Floating plants: Plants float on the water and have no roots or roots that are not fixed to the soil. These plants are usually small in size and have amazing fecundity, such as Azolla, algae, etc.
? Floating leaf plants: Plant roots are fixed in the underwater soil, and the broad floating leaves are usually round and supported by a long petiole, such as water lily, king lotus, Gorgon, etc.
Emergent plants: usually grow in shallow water areas, their bases are immersed in the water, and the upper plants emerge from the water, such as lotus, dryweed, wild rice, etc.
3. Distribution of wetland plants in my country
? my country is located in eastern Eurasia, borders the Pacific Ocean to the east, and spans temperate zones, subtropics and some tropical areas. The natural conditions are complex and wetlands are widely distributed. , is one of the countries in the world with rich wetland plant species and vegetation types. According to the National Wetland Resources Survey, there are approximately 2276 species of higher plants in wetlands in my country, ranging from 815 genera to 225 families. The National Wetland Survey divides the country's wetland vegetation into 7 groups, 167 vegetation types and 180 groups.
? Due to the influence of regional natural geographical conditions, the wetland flora is relatively complex. my country's wetland plants can be classified into several categories: temperate distribution, pantropical distribution, world distribution, endemic to China, and Arctic alpine distribution. Among them, temperate elements are the main ones, and their number of genera, species and proportion rank first in the world.
4. Wetland trees, the border guards of the wetland kingdom
? The buffer zone of the wetland ecosystem is close to lakes, ponds, rivers and other areas, and the soil environment is basically wetland or semi-wetland. Wetland trees stand on the river banks, and berms secure the sand, guarding the borders of the wetland kingdom. Wetland trees generally like to be warm and moist, resistant to waterlogging, and have the characteristics of anti-pollution, cold resistance or heat resistance.
Metasequoia: Metasequoia is a rare relic plant in the world. Its trunk is straight and straight, and its branches extend diagonally to the side. The whole tree is like a pagoda. Its branches and leaves are sparse and the tree shape is beautiful. It is both simple, elegant and solemn. It is a national first-class rare plant.
Larix: Larix is ??a deciduous tree, a strong positive tree species, with strong adaptability, able to withstand low temperature drought, waterlogging and poor soil, resistant to moisture, pollution, typhoons, with few pests and diseases, and fast growth. Native to southeastern North America. Xinyang Boer and other forest parks are the earliest introduction places in China.
Poplar maple: Poplar maple is a deciduous tree with a wide spreading crown, dense branches and leaves, fast growth, and a well-developed root system. It is a good greening tree species in low-lying wetlands on both sides of the river bed. It can also prevent soil erosion. The nut is two sloping Outstretched wings. The fruit looks like a bunch of ingots, so it is called "Ingot Tree".
Weeping willow: Weeping willow is a deciduous tree. The canopy spreads and evacuates. "Jasper is as high as a tree, with thousands of green silk ribbons hanging down. I don't know who cut out the thin leaves. The spring breeze in February is like scissors." In early spring and February, the winter chill has not gone far, but the weeping willows have sprouted early, just like a girl swaying in the spring breeze.
5. Overview of Lianghekou Wetland
? Henan Pingqiao Lianghekou National Wetland Park has rich wetland resources and various types, including permanent rivers, floodplain wetlands, and reservoirs. There are four wetland types: pond, canal and water conveying river. Different wetland types converge to form a composite wetland. This composite wetland ecosystem is a characteristic of the park's wetland resources.
6. Flora living in the Lianghekou area
? There are 96 species of wetland plants in 36 families, 80 genera and 36 families in the Lianghekou area. Wetland plants are mainly widespread species and also have zonal components, reflecting the differences in wetland vegetation between one zone and other zones. The vegetation in the area can be divided into three vegetation type groups (i.e. broad-leaved forest wetland vegetation type group, grassland wetland vegetation type group and shallow water plant wetland vegetation type group) and 56 groups (i.e. deciduous broad-leaved forest wetland vegetation type group, 2 deciduous broad-leaved forest wetland vegetation type group, There is 1 sedge wetland vegetation type, 15 grass wetland vegetation types, 29 weedy grass wetland vegetation types, 2 floating plant types, 5 floating leaf plant types, and 2 submerged plant types.
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