How to distinguish "poetic eyes"

The ancients wrote poems, liked to set poetic eyes and were good at setting poetic eyes. They can accurately find and analyze poetic eyes, which is a very important ability to read ancient poems. The analysis of "Poetic Eyes" in the national college entrance examination in 2003 has won unanimous praise in the Chinese language field because of its novelty and conformity with the law of appreciation. Although the proposer gave the concept of poetic eye in the stem, there are still some candidates who can't find it accurately, let alone appreciate the whole poem. Poetry eye is a word that can best reflect the author's thoughts and attitudes in a poem, a couplet or a sentence. It is general, vivid or interesting and can cover the whole article, couplet or sentence. Usually a verb or adjective. The specific explanation is as follows: 1. It can reflect the author's thoughts and feelings. This kind of words generally have strong emotional color. For example, in Lu You's book of wrath, the neck couplet said, "The Great Wall is empty, and the temples in the mirror have faded." The word "empty" expresses the author's deep disappointment and indignation that he promised to climb the Great Wall and was full of enthusiasm for serving the country, but he could not serve the country until he was old. Read and accurately and profoundly explain the theme of this poem-expressing his grief and indignation, which is heartbreaking. 2. It is general, accurate, vivid, vivid or interesting. This generally refers to verbs, such as the famous sentence "Spring Breeze and Green Jiang Nanan" in Wang Anshi's boating in Guazhou. The word "green" is poetic and full of emotion: it not only vividly depicts the warm spring breeze in the south of the Yangtze River, but also shows the author's joy of returning to Beijing by imperial decree at that time, and also reveals the author's preemptive action. Another example is the word "Noisy" in the famous sentence "Red apricots spring out of the wall" in Song Qi's Magnolia. Through personification, the blooming and vibrant scene of spring apricot is vividly displayed in front of our eyes, which is praised by Wang Guowei as "a noisy word and a full realm". 3, can cover or touch the whole sentence, the whole sentence couplet, the whole paragraph or even the whole article. For example, Bai Juyi's "Sauvignon Blanc" reads: "Bianshui, Surabaya, flows to Guazhou Ancient Ferry. Wu Shan is a little embarrassed. " Among them, the word "sorrow" is Quan Kun's poetic eye. After reading the first three sentences, it is not surprising to write that there are two rivers in Guazhou-Gudukou, but when I read the word "sorrow", the meaning of the word suddenly changed. All landscapes are sad, and everything is sad. The sadness of the protagonist is full of scenery and the world. A word awakens the whole film, which has a stirring artistic charm. To accurately analyze and grasp the artistic expression effect of poetry eyes and appreciate the artistic expression of poetry eyes, we must follow the norms of poetry appreciation. "Words cannot be separated from sentences, and sentences cannot be separated from articles." The final direction of poetic eyes is the artistic conception of poetry. We can observe the role of poetic eyes from the perspectives of poetry creation background, poetry structure, thoughts, feelings and images of the whole poem, flexible use of sentence patterns, rhetoric and expression techniques. Take Wang Anshi's boating in Guazhou as an example: from the vivid use of the word, it is an adjective used as a verb, which can remind people of the dynamic scene of "With the spring breeze blowing, the grass in the south of the Yangtze River grows so green", which makes people feel full of vitality; The style of the first three sentences is very weak, but the meaning of the last sentence is sharp and contradictory. However, it is not difficult to understand the poet's ambivalence and grasp the joy and hesitation hidden behind the word "green" as long as it is combined with the poet's experience and the creative background of the poem. From the point of expression, this word is obviously the core of scene blending, which organically blends the present scene with the feelings in the author's heart; If we can contact the relationship between "green grass" and "homesickness" in ancient poems again, for example, "Spring grass is green every year, and my friend Prince, what about you?" For example, "Wang Sun walks, spring grass flourishes", which can better appreciate the rich expressive force of green words. Of course, the discrimination of poetic eyes should not be comprehensive, as long as one or two angles can be selected for in-depth analysis. For example: 1. Read Dr. San Lv's Temple by Dai Shulun and complete the exercises after the poem. Why did Qu Zi complain about the incessant flow of doctor temples in Yuan and Xiang Dynasties? Autumn wind rises at dusk, and maple trees whisper. The eyes of this poem are "resentment". From the structural point of view, "resentment" is closely connected with the above sentence, which makes the meaning of surging waves in "Home Country" profound, not only writing the endless river water, but also writing Qu Zi's deep sorrow; The last two sentences are followed by "resentment", which not only makes the autumn wind maple leaves in front of us full of feelings, but also reminds people of the autumn wind maple leaves written by Qu Yuan, and makes people realize the strong "resentment" in Qu Yuan's poems. Judging from the image of poetry, the word "resentment" makes the sad image of Qu Yuan that is not understood and looked down upon stand before our eyes. The word "resentment" also reveals the author's endless nostalgia and grief for Qu Yuan Temple. 2. Read Liu Zongyuan's Jiang Xue, point out the poetic eye in the poem, and analyze the whole poem. Jiang Xue, there are no birds in a hundred mountains and no footprints in a thousand roads. A boat on the river, a fisherman wearing his webworm moth; Fishing alone is not afraid of snow and ice. The eyes of this poem should be "independence". Judging from the meaning of the poem, it follows the previous words such as "Birds fly away", "People disappear" and "Lonely Boat", and draws a picture of "fishing alone in the ice and snow": Qianshan stands tall and there are thousands of paths, but there are no birds on the mountain, only a lonely boat and a lonely fisherman. Judging from the poetic image, the word "independence" accurately depicts the fisherman's personality characteristics of being far from the secular, lofty and refined, arrogant and unruly. Judging from the writing background of this poem, the word "independence" accurately shows the author's lonely situation that has been repeatedly criticized after the failure of "Yongzhen Innovation" and also shows the author's indomitable mental state. In short, the word "independence" covers the whole article, which is also a poetic eye. )