Children's literature is a literary work specially created for children. Children's literature especially requires being easy to understand and lively. Not only the theme of the work is distinct and prominent, the image is concrete and distinct, the structure is concise, the language is concise, the plot is interesting and the imagination is rich, but also the content, form and expression are as suitable as possible for children's physiological and psychological characteristics, which is loved by them. According to readers of different ages, children's literature is divided into baby literature, childhood literature, childhood literature and juvenile literature. Genres include children's songs, children's poems, fairy tales, fables, children's stories, children's novels, children's prose, children's quyi, children's drama, children's film and television, children's scientific literature and art, etc. Children's literature is a relatively young literary category, and its germination period is at the end of 17 century and the beginning of 18 century. Previously, oral writing and adult literature were mainly loved and partially accepted by children, such as Five Books and One Thousand and One Nights. /kloc-in the middle of the 0/8th century, children's literature developed further. The most representative work is Jean Jacques Russo's children's biographical novel Emile. The appearance of Danish Andersen's fairy tales in the19th century marked the first prosperous period of children's literature in the world. In the 20th century, the emergence of a large number of excellent works in Britain, the Soviet Union, the United States, France, Italy, Sweden and other countries marked the second prosperity of children's literature in the world. Due to the feudal rule of China for thousands of years, children and children's education have been neglected for a long time, so children's literature appeared late. Children's poems, children's novels, children's dramas, etc. written specifically for children did not come out until the late Qing Dynasty. Children's literature became an independent literature category at the beginning of the 20th century and after the May 4th New Culture Movement. The foundation works of modern children's literature in China are the fairy tale Scarecrow written by Ye Shengtao and published in the early 1920s, and Bingxin's epistolary children's prose for young readers, which came out a few years later. Zhang Tianyi is a representative writer of children's literature in 1930s, and his long fairy tale Dalin and Kobayashi is a representative work of children's literature in China. Chen Bochui, He Yi, Yan Wenjing and Jin Jin made outstanding achievements in the 1940s. Most of their creative activities began in the 1920s and 1930s, and their representative works include Miss Alice (Chen Bochui), Wild Child (He Yi), Wind of the Four Seasons (Yan Wenjing) and A Red-faced Shell (Gold and Gold). Children's literature after the founding of the People's Republic of China is called China Contemporary Children's Literature. 1949 ~ 1966 is the first golden age, with excellent works by new and old writers, such as Zhang Tianyi's novel The Story of Luo and the fairy tale The Secret of the Treasure Gourd, Bing Xin's novel The Little Orange Lamp, Gao Xiangzhen's novel Xiao Pang and Xiao Song, and Xu Guangyao's novel Zhang Ga. Chen Bochui's fairy tale A Cat Who Wants to Fly, Jin Jin's fairy tale The Fox Beats the Hunter, Hong's fairy tale The Good Horse, Xiao Bu Tou's fairy tale The Adventure, Ge's fairy tale The Wild Grape, Ruan's fairy tale The Golden Conch, Ke Yan's children's poem The Story of the Soldier, etc. During the Cultural Revolution 10, the Children's Literature Garden was devastated and presented a scene of withering. 1976, 10 months later, China children's literature entered another golden age, which was called China children's literature in the new period. From 1992 to 16, the quantity and quality of creation far exceeded that of 17 after the founding of the People's Republic of China. Among them, Zheng, Zhou Rui's fairy tales, Cao Wenxuan, Shen's children's novels and Jin Bohe's children's novels are the most prominent. The floorboard of children's literature works. Including fairy tales, fables, poems, dramas, novels, science fiction stories, historical stories and other forms. Both content and form are suitable for children of different ages. It is required to be close to children's psychology, full of wisdom and fantasy, thoughtful, knowledgeable, story-telling and interesting, which is conducive to ideological education and knowledge education for children. Children's literature often describes children, but it can also be written as adults. There are five requirements for children's literature writing: "1, educational. Children's literature is very different from adult literature in that it emphasizes education. Children have great plasticity. The ancients used plain silk as a metaphor, saying that it was "light when dyed and yellow when dyed". Children's literature pays special attention to education because of their age characteristics and are easily influenced by the surrounding environment. 2. Visualization. Abstract preaching is not easy and unwilling for children to accept. Educate children with vivid images; The younger children are, the more they rely on visualization. Children's novels, like drama, need action, and more often use action to express characters' personality and psychological activities. Children's poetry needs more "comparison" and "interest" to strengthen its image. The language of children's literature works should be vivid and beautiful. Children's literature should mobilize all artistic means and shape various artistic images. 3. interesting. Children's knowledge and life experience are not rich, and their understanding is weak. It is difficult to understand those complicated arrangements, and it is also difficult to understand the life experiences and some thoughts and feelings of adults. They don't like or even watch what they are not interested in. Excellent children's literature works tell children a profound truth or do some useful enlightenment with interesting stories in a relaxed and happy way. 4. the story. The storyline of children's literature requires simple structure and compact and vivid plot. It is emphasized that the story is not simply pursuing the strangeness of the plot, not starting from life, not writing people, but writing things. Children's literature mainly describes people, portraying their character, psychology and thoughts. Its protagonists are not all people, but also other animals, plants and even inanimate objects. These are all personified in the works. Whether writing about people or other things, we should use the story to express their thoughts and personalities, rather than static and lengthy environmental descriptions and psychological descriptions. 5. knowledge. Children's literature works should be skillfully interspersed with some intellectual things to increase the artistic charm of the works and satisfy children's curiosity and thirst for knowledge. Children's literature should be loved and beneficial by children. Let children's tastes be easily accepted by children and help them grow up. References:
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