Literary genre is a category of literary works. It is divided into four categories: prose, novels, drama and poetry.
Ⅰ Prose
The prose here refers to a literary genre alongside poetry, novels, and dramas. Specifically refers to those literary works that express the author's thoughts and feelings based on realistic things.
According to different expression methods, prose can be divided into narrative prose (mainly about human narration, with lyrical elements), lyrical prose (mainly about expressing the author's emotions) and argumentative prose (about reasoning). host).
The important characteristic of prose is that "the form is scattered but the spirit is not scattered". "Shape is dispersed" mainly means that the material is widely and freely drawn, rich in associations, and is not limited by time and space; "spirit is not dispersed" mainly means that the theme expressed must be clear and concentrated.
Commonly used artistic techniques in prose include: embedding emotions in the scenery, expressing emotions in the scene (such as Zhu Ziqing's "Moonlight over the Lotus Pond"), embedding emotions in things, and reflecting emotions based on things (such as Lu Xun's "For the Memory of Forgotten") "), embodying emotions in objects and expressing ambitions through objects (such as Ba Jin's "Lamp").
II Novel
Novel is a literary genre that focuses on portraying characters and reflects social life through complete storylines and environmental descriptions.
The three elements of a novel are characters, plot and environment.
The plot of a novel generally includes four parts: beginning, development, climax, and ending. Some also have a prologue and an epilogue.
Environment includes social environment and natural environment. The social environment mainly explains the background of the times in which the characters live; the natural environment mainly explains the time, place, and scene of the characters' activities, or is used to enhance the atmosphere, express the characters' emotions, or promote the development of the characters' plots, etc.
According to different standards, novels can be divided into different types:
According to length and capacity, they are divided into novels, novellas, short stories, and mini-novels (small novels).
According to content, it is divided into historical novels, modern novels, science fiction novels, public case novels, martial arts novels, romance novels, legendary novels, etc.
According to the writing system, it is divided into chapter novels, diary style, epistolary style, autobiographical style, etc.
According to language form, it can be divided into classical Chinese novels and vernacular novels.
Several stages of the development of ancient Chinese novels:
⑴ Fables (pre-Qin and Han Dynasties), such as "Jingwei Reclamating the Sea" and "Kuafu Chasing the Sun".
⑵ Note novels (Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties), such as Qian Bao's "Sou Shen Ji" (also known as "Zhiguai" and "Zhiren novels").
⑶Legends (Tang Dynasty), such as "The Biography of Liu Yi" by Li Chaowei.
⑷Huaben (Song Dynasty), such as "Kuaishui Li Cuilian".
⑸ Idiom script (Ming Dynasty), such as "Du Shiniang sank the treasure chest in anger".
⑹Chapter novels (Ming and Qing Dynasties), such as "A Dream of Red Mansions".
ⅢDrama
Drama is a comprehensive stage art. The drama mentioned here is actually a script, which is a type of literary genre.
Drama language includes character language (i.e. lines) and stage instructions. Stage description is a line of explanatory text written at the beginning, end and middle of the dialogue of each act of the script. The content includes the character list, time, location, costumes, props, scenery and the characters' expressions, movements, entrance and exit, etc. It has the ability to enhance the stage atmosphere. , highlight the character's mood, show the character's personality, promote the development of the plot and other functions.
According to different standards, drama can be divided into different types:
According to artistic form and expression techniques