Zhuliguan is a poem composed by Wang Wei, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, when he lived in seclusion in Wangchuan, Lantian in his later years. This poem is about seclusion in the mountains, which belongs to casual feelings. The words and sentences are simple and beautiful, conveying the poet's quiet and indifferent mood and showing the realm of tranquility, elegance and vulgarity. The following is the appreciation of Wang Wei's Bamboo House, which I brought with me. I hope it will help you.
original
leaning alone in the close bamboos, I am playing my lute and humming a song.
too softly for anyone to hear, except my comrade, the bright moon.
Notes
① Selected from Annotations on Wang Youcheng Collection (Zhonghua Book Company, 1985), Volume XIII. This is the 17th of 2 songs in Wangchuan Collection. Zhuliguan, one of the scenic spots of Wangchuan Villa, is named because there are bamboo forests around the house.
(1) huáng: You mean deep, and Hu is a bamboo forest. Deep bamboo forest.
(2) Xiao (xiao): long sound whistling. Celebrities in Wei and Jin Dynasties called whistling whistling.
(3) deep forest: refers to the "secluded place".
(4) taking photos: corresponding to "sitting alone".
Translation
Sitting alone in a deep bamboo forest on a moonlit night; Sometimes I play the piano and sometimes I whistle.
The bamboo forest is secluded and deep, unknown, sitting alone in the secluded place, without company; Only the bright moon seems to be understanding, and it is partial to take photos.
Appreciation
This is a poem about the leisure life interest of hermits. This little poem has four sentences. Looking apart, there is neither touching scenery nor touching love; I can't find out which word is poetic eye, and it's hard to say which sentence is a warning. Moreover, the words used in poetry are used to create language and scenery (secluded, deep forest and bright moon), and the people (sitting alone, playing the piano and whistling) are extremely unremarkable. However, its beauty lies in its natural and plain style, which depicts the fresh and attractive artistic conception of the secluded forest on a moonlit night. The night is quiet and the scene is integrated, which contains a special artistic charm of beauty, making it a masterpiece through the ages. Playing the piano and whistling, reflecting the quietness of the bamboo forest on the moonlit night, and reflecting the darkness of the deep forest with the light and shadow of the bright moon, it seems plain on the surface, and it seems that it is easy to write at will, but it is actually ingenious and ingenious.
This poem also shows a quiet and serene state. In the first two sentences, the poet sat alone in the deep and dense bamboo forest, playing the strings and making a long whistle. In fact, no matter "playing the piano" or "whistling", it reflects the poet's elegant and carefree temperament, which is not easy to cause others to sing. So the last two sentences say, "too softly for anyone to hear, except my comrade, the bright moon." It means that I live in a secluded forest, and I don't feel lonely for it, because the bright moon is still shining on me all the time. Here, the personification technique is used, and the bright moon sprinkled with Yin Hui is regarded as a bosom friend, which shows the poet's novel and unique imagination. The style of the whole poem is quiet and leisurely, as if the poet's mood and natural scenery are all integrated.
When describing scenery in poems, only six words are used to form three words, namely, "secluded place", "deep forest" and "bright moon". For the moon that shines on the earth, using the word "Ming" to describe its brightness is nothing new and ingenious. It is a common saying of everyone. As for the first sentence "Huang" and the third sentence "Lin", it is actually the same thing, which is to repeat the bamboo forest in which the poet is located, and add the words "secluded" and "deep" in front of the bamboo forest, but it shows that it is neither "bamboo with three poles and two poles" as mentioned in Yu Xin's Xiao Yuan Fu, nor "bamboo with green water post" as mentioned in Liu Zongyuan's poem. Here, it seems that the scene in front of us is written at will, and there is no effort to depict and paint it.
When writing about people's activities in poems, only six words are used to form three words, namely, "sitting alone", "playing the piano" and "whistling". For the characters, they did not describe the appearance of playing Shu Xiao, nor expressed their emotions; For the piano sound and whistle, I didn't spend any pen and ink to write its tone and sound. On the surface, the words used in the four poems are all unremarkable. However, when the four poems are combined, they have their own beauty and realm, which contains a special artistic charm. As a famous work in Wang Wei's Collection of Wangchuan, its beauty lies in the artistic conception that it naturally attracts people. It does not win by words, but sees beauty as a whole. Its beauty lies in the absence of its appearance. To appreciate and appreciate its beauty, we should also take its appearance as its spirit, and its spirit is contained in the artistic conception. As far as artistic conception is concerned, it not only gives people the feeling of "quiet and unique customs" ("Poems by My Servant"), but also makes people feel that the scenery of the secluded forest on this moonlit night is so empty and clear, and the people who play the piano and scream in the meantime are so carefree and complacent, and the dust is empty, and the exterior and the inside story are seamless and integrated. On the other hand, in language, we can see the taste from nature and the high rhyme from plain. Its natural and plain style beauty and its artistic conception beauty complement each other.
It is conceivable that the poet met with the quiet and clear nature of the bamboo forest and the bright moon in a state of quiet mind and clear mind, and wrote a book with great care. The formation of the artistic conception of poetry depends entirely on the consistency between the character's mind and the internal quality of the scenery written, without the help of external hue. Therefore, when I am in harmony with things, feelings and scenery, the poet can, as Si Kongtu said in "Poems and Nature", "look down on everything, don't take all the neighbors, do everything in the right way, and start to become a spring" and enter the artistic world of "thin words and feelings, leisurely days". Of course, when we say "everywhere" here, we don't mean that the poet has no choice but to choose materials easily; When we say "start to make a spring" here, it doesn't mean that the poet has no arrangement when he is in charge, and he believes in it. In the poem, the surrounding scenery is described, and the bamboo forest and the bright moon are chosen, which is consistent with the quiet and clear environment to be displayed; To express one's feelings in the poem, one chooses playing the piano and whistling, and then one takes it and the quiet and clear state of mind to express each other. This is an immediate event, and the reason why he wrote this scene and this matter has his own mature poetic thoughts. From the perspective of the combination of the whole poem, the poet wrote the piano and whistling at the same time as writing the secluded forest on a moonlit night, which showed the tranquility with sound. As for the last sentence of the poem, it is not only in contrast to the "people don't know" in the previous sentence, but also plays a role in breaking the dark night. The contrast between these sounds and silence, as well as light and shade, is both ingenious and ingenious in arrangement.
Look at the first two sentences: "leaning alone in the close bamboos, I am playing my lute and humming a song." Hey, bamboo forest also; Xiao, pinch your mouth and be quiet. The poet believed in Buddhism in his early years, his thoughts were detached, and his career was bumpy. After forty years old, he lived a semi-official and semi-secluded life. As he himself said, "as the years go by, give me but peace, freedom from ten thousand matters." Therefore, I often sit alone in the deep bamboo forest and play the guqin to express my lonely feelings. But the sound of the piano didn't seem to be enough to vent the depression, so I let out a long whistle. Here's an allusion. According to Liu Yiqing's "Shi Shuo Xin Yu Qi Yi", "Ruan Infantry screams and hears hundreds of steps." Ruan Infantry is Ruan Ji, who was one of the famous "Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest" in the Han and Wei Dynasties. He and Ji Kang were dissatisfied with the feudal ethics at that time and the struggle for power and profit within the ruling class, and often gathered in the bamboo forest to express their aspirations. Ruan Ji whistled in the bamboo forest and heard hundreds of steps, which was also passed down as a beautiful talk. Japanese scholars of Chinese poetry, Naoki Maeno and Tadashi Ishikawa, have carefully pointed out that the first two sentences of this poem implicitly use the story of the poet Ruan Ji's "The Whistling of Su Men" in the Wei and Jin Dynasties and the sentence meaning of "Playing the piano while sitting up" in Ruan Ji's Poem of Ode to Huai. He also pointed out that the poet Wang Wei and leaning alone in the close bamboos played the piano leisurely and enjoyed themselves, much like Tao Qian. It's just that Tao Qian plays the harpsichord, while Wang Wei plays the harpsichord. Wang Wei lives in the bamboo forest, playing the role of Ruan Ji, comparing himself with Ruan Ji, and expressing his dissatisfaction with power rape. Bamboo's character, leaves like arrows, quality like hard stone, dry can be broken without changing its straight, body can be burned without destroying its knots. The poet sitting alone in the secluded bamboo shows that he has the same integrity as bamboo.
Look at the last two sentences: "too softly for anyone to hear, except my comrade, the bright moon." This is to further exaggerate the lonely mood and atmosphere. When the moon shines, it not only points out that you have been sitting for a long time, but also wants to show that only the moon in the sky is a confidant. The bright moon is a symbol of noble people. It shines alone in the blue sky and blue sea, just like a poet. Therefore, Wang Wei is regarded as an intimate "friend". Writing in this way is also good for describing natural scenery. The secluded forest makes people feel dark green, lonely and gloomy, and the picture is dim. Now suddenly, the dark bamboo forest is sprinkled with a layer of silvery white color by "except my comrade, the bright moon". This change seems to add a sense of life, a layer of poetry and loneliness, and the bamboo forest, the bright moon and the poet all melt into the quiet and harmonious night.
this short poem with only 2 words is full of scenery and feelings (quiet scenery and lonely feelings), vivid (the sound of the piano whistling, the color of Lin Yue), static and dynamic (sitting alone and whistling), real and imaginary (the first two sentences actually describe the scenery, and the last two sentences describe the feelings in vain), and the opposites are unified and set each other off. Reading this poem is like appreciating a three-dimensional and varied landscape painting of characters, which is really a masterpiece of the author. The beautiful and elegant artistic conception of the whole poem conveys the poet's quiet and indifferent mood.