Du Fu is a poet who spread ancient poetry and culture, but he really succeeded in connecting the past with the future. He is from Gongxian County, Henan Province. An Lushan was trapped in Chang 'an, and Su Zong ascended the throne in Lingwu. He fled from Chang 'an to Lingwu, became a "left-handed" official, and was released because of remonstrance. At that time, it was chaotic and it was a famine year. He was exiled to Chengdu, relying on his old friend Yanwu to become a "foreign minister of the Ministry of Industry", so he was later called Du Gongbu. He lived in Shu for a long time. After Yanwu's death, he took refuge in Hunan and died there. He is a follower of Confucianism: it is his ambition to "be the most noble and obedient, and then make the customs pure". I was separated from others and witnessed the sufferings of the people. His poems try to describe the situation at that time and express his feelings. In the Tang dynasty, poetry was originally an exam-oriented thing; Poetry is also something that musicians and geisha sing to serve the court and nobles. Li Bai used it to describe his life, and Du Fu used it to describe that great era. The field of poetry has expanded and its value has increased. Du Fu's writing of "the real sufferings of the people, the real problems of society, the real situation of the country, the real hopes and fears of life" opened a new world for poetry.
He doesn't imitate Yuefu very much, but his description of social life is Yuefu spirit; His realistic attitude also comes from Yuefu. He often comments in his poems, quoting hundreds of classics and history; But these arguments and allusions are all rushed out through his enthusiasm, so they are still poems. In this way, he turned poetry into history and prose; In this way, he created a new poetic language. The ancient seven-character poem was formally established in his hand; The ancient five-character poem changed its style in his hands. Since then, in addition to being "gentle and honest", a school of "calm down and have fun" has been opened. Five-character verse, Wang Wei and Meng Haoran both wrote landscapes, not eroticism; Du Fu is more used to express the vast real life. So is his seven-character poem. He pays great attention to organization when writing metrical poems. His five-character poems are the most, which almost exhausted the changes of this system. His quatrains are straightforward and have no aftertaste; But the impressions that describe the fragments of life do not lack the power of suggestion. He can also appreciate nature, and the sentences he wrote in his later years are quite fresh and descriptive. He is also a humorous person, and his poems often have a funny taste. But this funny taste is just right with his serious attitude, and it does not harm the status of him and his poems at all.
Du Fu's influence reached the Song Dynasty, and there was no poet who did not learn from him directly or indirectly, and there was no poet who did not carry forward his thoughts. Han Yu, an ancient prose writer, followed him to further spread the culture of his poems, but like Han Fu, he also created strange metaphors, gambled on dangerous rhymes and described extravagantly. His poems are full of talent, which makes him angry. He is not afraid to say it. It is a poem that "sinks into happiness". Later, both Yuan Zhen and Bai Juyi rose politically. They inherited Du Fu's realistic attitude of expressing life and began to theorize this attitude. It is meaningless to advocate that poetry should "make up for the current situation and vent human feelings" and "satirize snow as flowers and plants" They oppose lettering and advocate honesty and naturalness. They divide their poems into "satire" and "non-satire", but their poems are very relaxed and can tell everyone's thoughts, so they have been popular for a while. What was most popular at that time was their new seven-character narrative poem, which was called "evergreen style" and social problems.